No abstract available.
Biofeedback, Psychology* ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone* ; Hypertension* ; Muscle Relaxation*

Humans ; Hypertension ; psychology ; Occupations ; Social Support

OBJECTIVETo investigate the sociopsychological basis of hypertensive disorder in pregnancy (HDP) and explore a new pathway for etiological study of HDP.

METHODSA prospective investigation was conducted in 1154 women in second trimester pregnancy and 9 factors were surveyed using Olson marital quality questionnaire (ENRIC). The discrepancy between the norms and factor scores of ENRIC was analyzed, and the scores of ENRIC were compared between normal gravidas and patients with HDP. The correlation between ENRIC scores and the severity of the condition was also evaluated.

RESULTSThe score of the 1124 gravidas for marital satisfaction was significantly higher than the norm (P<0.05), but the scores for relationship with relatives and sexual life were significantly lower (P<0.05). The other 6 factors had similar scores with the norms (P>0.05). Patients with HDP had significantly lower scores for 7 factors than the normal gravidas (P<0.05), but had comparable scores for financial arrangement and sexual life (P>0.05). The severity of HDP was not found to associate with variation of the scores for the 9 factors (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSMarital quality is an important social and psychological basis of HDP, and this study provides some evidence for the social and psychological investigation of the etiology of HDP.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; psychology ; Marriage ; psychology ; Pregnancy ; psychology ; Quality of Life ; psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

Hypertension is closely related to salt and water retention. The kidney plays an important role in the blood pressure regulation primarily to modulating tubular sodium and water reabsorption. The regulation of the salt and water balance depends upon an array of solute and water channels in the renal tubules. An altered regulation of sodium and water channels in the kidney may be related to various pathological conditions associated with altered salt and water retention. This review will discuss renal handling of sodium and water, with particular emphasis on aquaporins and renal sodium transporters and channels.
Aquaporins ; Blood Pressure ; Handling (Psychology) ; Hypertension ; Kidney ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; Retention (Psychology) ; Sodium ; Water

Steroid is a critical component of immunosuppressive regimen. Unfortunately, steroid is associated with numerous adverse effects including diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, osteoporosis, sodium retention, and avascular necrosis. These adverse effects have prompted trials of steroid withdrawal with introduction of potent immunosuppressive agents in renal transplantation. Although late steroid withdrawal raised acute rejection rate compared with early steroid withdrawal, results of recent trials that used diverse steroid withdrawal protocols suggest good short and long term graft outcomes. But, in patients survival, patients with steroid withdrawal is similar to patients administered steroid. This review summarizes usefulness according to timing of steroid withdrawal and re-exams benefits of steroid withdrawal in renal transplantation.
Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Hypertension ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; Kidney Transplantation ; Necrosis ; Osteoporosis ; Rejection (Psychology) ; Retention (Psychology) ; Sodium ; Transplants

Primary aldosteronism due to unilateral adenoma is a rare cause of surgically curable hypertension. Bilateral adrenal mass has occasionally been reported in this syndrome, and bilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA), or bilateral adrenal nodular hyperplasia have been demonstrated in some cases. However, another possibility is the coexistence of a unilateral APA with a contralateral benign or metastatic nonfunctioning mass, because adrenal tumors are frequently found at autopsy or incidentally detected during abdominal morphological evaluation in patients without adrenal dysfunction. A 39 year-old woman presented with hyperaldosteronism, suppressed renin levels, and bilateral adrenal mass on adrenal CT scanning. Selective adrenal venous sampling was unsuccessful in demonstrating concentration gradient of aldosterone. Postoperative measurement of hormone content in the tumor extract revealed unilateral aldosteron-producing adenoma with contralateral nonfunctioning black adenoma, Determination of hormone content in the tumor extract could be useful for the discrimination of functioning and nonfunctioning endocrine tumors, particularly in case of multiple tumors.
Adenoma* ; Adult ; Aldosterone ; Autopsy ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperaldosteronism ; Hyperplasia ; Hypertension ; Renin ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND: An elective operation is cancelled by many causes. Cancellation of the operation bothers patients physically and emotionally; also it affects the patient's family emotionally. If we know the causes of cancellation, we can prevent them. In addition we can provide better quality medical service. METHOD: We examined all patients scheduled for an operation in An - am Hospital, Korea University from August 3rd, 1999 to September 19th, 1999 and from September 16th, 1999 to December 6th, 1999. We counted the number of operations which were cancelled on the day of operation and put together the causes of cancellation after asking surgical employees. RESULTS: The total numbers of scheduled patients was 2,494 and cancelled patients was 512. The overall cancellation rate was 20.5%. The most common cause was departmental, 48.4%; abnormal laboratory results, 24.8%; patients denial, 9.6%; inadequate preparation, 7.0%; overtime, 5.5%; or a change to local anesthesia, 4.7%. In the departmental causes, 52% was due to an excessive schedule (129/248); 32.3% to delayed admission (80/248); 8.9% to clerical error (22/248); 4.4% to operator problems (11/248); and 1.6% to delayed transfer (4/248). In the abnormal laboratory results, 27.6% were due to the medical causes (35/127); 23.6% to LFT (30/127); 23% to an EKG (23/127); 18% to a chest roentgenogram (18/127); 8.7% to a URI (11/127); and 5.5% to hypertension (7/127). CONCLUSIONS: Overall the cancellation rate of elective surgery was 20.5%. The most common cause was departmental (48.7%), and abnormal laboratory results (24.8%) was next.
Anesthesia, Local ; Appointments and Schedules ; Denial (Psychology) ; Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Korea ; Thorax

PURPOSE: This study was to identify factors explaining health empowerment of older adults with high-risk of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. METHODS: Using a structured questionnaire, data were collected from 148 older adults residing in two areas who have one or more of the following diseases; hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerosis. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression. RESULTS: Health empowerment had a positive correlation with health literacy and social support. Perceived health status and social activity participation showed significant contribution in explaining health empowerment. CONCLUSION: This study showed that enhancing perceived health status and social activity participation are vital in an effort to improve health empowerment of the population. Main findings of this study can contribute to developing health empowerment interventions to improve health behavior practices of the older adults.
Adult* ; Aged ; Atherosclerosis ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Health Behavior ; Health Literacy ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Hypertension ; Power (Psychology)*

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: South Korean's sodium consumption level is more than twice the upper limit level suggested by the WHO. Steep increases in the prevalence of hypertension and cardiovascular disease in Korea necessitate more effective sodium reduction programs. This study was conducted in order to compare sodium intake-related eating behaviors and key psychosocial factors according to age group and gender. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Using an online survey, a total of 1,564 adults (20-59 years old) considered to be geographically representative of South Korea were recruited and surveyed. The major outcomes were perceived behaviors, knowledge, intentions, and self-efficacy related to sodium intake. RESULTS: The results show that perceived behavior and level of self-efficacy related to low sodium consumption differed by age and gender. Female participants showed better behavior and intention towards low sodium intake than male counterparts. Young participants in their 20s showed the lowest intention to change their current sodium intake as well as lowest self-efficacy measures. CONCLUSIONS: Future sodium reduction interventions should be developed with tailored messages targeting different age and gender groups. Specifically, interventions can be planned and implemented at the college level or for workers in their early career to increase their intention and self-efficacy as a means of preventing future health complications associated with high sodium intake.
Adult ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Intention ; Korea ; Male ; Prevalence ; Psychology ; Social Marketing ; Sodium*

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is often difficult to diagnose and challenging to treat. Untreated, it is characterized by a progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance leading to right ventricular failure and death. The past decade has seen remarkable improvements in therapy, driven largely by the conduct of randomized controlled trials. Still, the selection of most appropriate therapy is complex, and requires familiarity with the disease process, evidence from treatment trials, complicated drug delivery systems, dosing regimens, side effects, and complications. We tried to provide evidence?based treatment recommendations for physicians involved in the care of these complex patients. Due to the complexity of the diagnostic evaluation required, and the treatment options available, it is strongly recommended that consideration be given to referral of patients with PAH to a specialized center.
Drug Delivery Systems ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Nitric Oxide ; Recognition (Psychology) ; Referral and Consultation ; Vascular Resistance