Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; genetics

MicroRNAs (miRNA) plays an important role in biological development and disease occurrence and development, and acts as a "main switch" in biology. Among patients of essential hypertension, around 1/3 would suffer left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Hence, essential hypertension becomes an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. And miRNAs plays an important role in the occurrence and development of LVH. This paper reviewed the role of miRNA in regulating the stress signaling pathway, defined its impact on the occurrence of LVH, and further emphasized the opportunities and challenges of miRNA as a biomarker and therapeutic target.
Essential Hypertension ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; genetics ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ; complications ; genetics ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; Risk Factors ; Signal Transduction ; genetics

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ; genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; Humans ; Hypertension ; genetics ; Mutation ; Pedigree

Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ; genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; Humans ; Hypertension ; genetics ; Mitochondrial Diseases ; genetics ; Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases ; genetics ; Point Mutation ; genetics

Humans ; Comorbidity ; Diabetes Mellitus/genetics* ; East Asian People ; Hypertension/genetics* ; Hypertriglyceridemia/genetics* ; Obesity/genetics* ; Receptors, Calcitriol/genetics*

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) exhibits matrilineal inherence. Familial mitochondrial diseases caused by mtDNA mutations are generally involved in organs featuring high energy consumption, which include heart, brain and skeletal muscle. Recently, it has been found that some essential hypertension patients featured classical maternal inheritance, which has confirmed and enriched mtDNA mutations as one of the molecular mechanisms underlying maternally inherited hypertension. Nevertheless, more general as well as radical questions are still to be answered. This article reviews recent advance in mitochondrial genome evolution, mtDNA genetics and the role of mtDNA mutations in maternally inherited hypertension.
DNA, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; Evolution, Molecular ; Humans ; Hypertension ; genetics ; Mitochondria ; genetics ; Mutation

Heart Defects, Congenital/diagnosis* ; Humans ; Hypertension ; MicroRNAs/genetics* ; Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ; Pulmonary Artery/diagnostic imaging*

China ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Hypertension ; genetics ; Retrospective Studies

Objective: To describe the distribution characteristics of hypertension among adult twins in the Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR) and to provide clues for exploring the role of genetic and environmental factors on hypertension. Methods: A total of 69 220 (34 610 pairs) of twins aged 18 and above with hypertension information were selected from CNTR registered from 2010 to 2018. Random effect models were used to describe the population and regional distribution of hypertension in twins. To estimate the heritability, the concordance rates of hypertension were calculated and compared between monozygotic twins (MZ) and dizygotic twins (DZ). Results: The age of all participants was (34.1±12.4) years. The overall self-reported prevalence of hypertension was 3.8%(2 610/69 220). Twin pairs who were older, living in urban areas, married, overweight or obese, current smokers or ex-smokers, and current drinkers or abstainers had a higher self-reported prevalence of hypertension (P<0.05). Analysis within the same-sex twin pairs found that the concordance rate of hypertension was 43.2% in MZ and 27.0% in DZ, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The heritability of hypertension was 22.1% (95%CI: 16.3%- 28.0%). Stratified by gender, age, and region, the concordance rate of hypertension in MZ was still higher than that in DZ. The heritability of hypertension was higher in female participants. Conclusions: There were differences in the distribution of hypertension among twins with different demographic and regional characteristics. It is indicated that genetic factors play a crucial role in hypertension in different genders, ages, and regions, while the magnitude of genetic effects may vary.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Alcohol Drinking ; Diseases in Twins/genetics* ; Hypertension/genetics* ; Twins, Dizygotic/genetics* ; Twins, Monozygotic/genetics*

To examine the familial aggregation of blood pressure, household interviews and health examination surveys were conducted from July 9 to August 18, 1986 on 469 families with first grade children who attended primary schools in Kangwha County. Blood pressure, height, weight, pulse rate and the arm circumference of 1972 family members from three generations were measured, followed by an interview concerning preference for salty foods and any prescribed hypertensive drugs. Based on the binomial goodness-of-fit test and analysis of variance, familial aggregation of blood pressure was identified. The genetic component of blood pressure was estimated to be approximately 22.3% of the total variance in systolic blood pressure and 21.4% in diastolic blood pressure by using a mixed model two way ANOVA. Significant correlations were found in systolic and diastolic blood pressures among almost all family members. Correlations of blood pressure between siblings were higher in families with hypertensive parents than with normotensive parents. A shared environment and the degree of sharing also influenced blood pressure. There is a need of a follow-up study on children's blood pressure since the familial aggregation varied with the age of the children.
Adult ; Aged ; Blood Pressure ; Child ; Human ; Hypertension/genetics* ; Korea ; Middle Age ; Statistics ; Variation (Genetics)