OBJECTIVETo understand the epidemiological characteristics of essential hypertension in the northern and western areas of China.

METHODSA community-based sampling survey.

RESULTSRates of awareness, treatment and control were 78.6%, 59.7% and 5.9%, respectively. About half of the diagnosed and treated patients took antihypertensive medicine irregularly before the survey was carried out.

CONCLUSIONIt is necessary to carry out education, prevention and control on hypertension and to establish a series of standards for the management and treatment on cases of hypertension.

Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Blood Pressure ; China ; epidemiology ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Female ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Social Class

The object of this study was to evaluate the effect of uric acid lowering therapy in reducing the new development of comorbidities and the frequency of acute attacks in gout patients. We retrospectively reviewed patients who were diagnosed to have gout with at least 3 yr of follow up. They were divided into 2 groups; 53 patients with mean serum uric acid level (sUA)<6 mg/dL and 147 patients with mean sUA> or =6 mg/dL. Comorbidities of gout such as hypertension (HTN), type II diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and urolithiasis were compared in each group at baseline and at last follow-up visit. Frequency of acute gout attacks were also compared between the groups. During the mean follow up period of 7.6 yr, the yearly rate of acute attack and the new development of HTN, DM, CVD and urolithiasis was lower in the adequately treated group compared to the inadequately treated group. Tight control of uric acid decreases the incidence of acute gout attacks and comorbidities of gout such as HTN, DM, CVD and urolithiasis.
Adult ; Allopurinol/therapeutic use ; Antimetabolites/therapeutic use ; Benzbromarone/therapeutic use ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology/prevention & control ; Comorbidity ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology/prevention & control ; Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Female ; Gout/*drug therapy/*prevention & control ; Gout Suppressants/*therapeutic use ; Humans ; Hypertension/epidemiology/prevention & control ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/epidemiology/prevention & control ; Retrospective Studies ; Thiazoles/therapeutic use ; Uric Acid/*blood/metabolism ; Uricosuric Agents/therapeutic use ; Urolithiasis/epidemiology/prevention & control

OBJECTIVES: We examined the trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in Korea as a basis for improving hypertension control programs. METHODS: 12 598 participants of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included in this study. Weighted linear regression to test time trends from 2007 to 2011 was performed. RESULTS: The prevalence of hypertension was 20.7% in 2007, 29.4% in 2009, and 26.2% in 2011. Awareness of hypertension was 64.8% in 2007 and 61.1% in 2011. Awareness in those aged 65 and over was greater than in younger groups (age 19 to 44 and 45 to 64; p<0.001). The treatment rates were 58.4% in 2007 and 56.8% in 2011. The treatment rate was greater for those 65 and over than for younger age groups (p<0.001). The percentage of controlled hypertension was 37.6% in 2011. The percentage of controlled hypertension in those 65 and over was higher than in younger age groups (p<0.001). The treatment-control rates were 65.9% in 2007 and 67.7% in 2011. The prevalence of hypertension was higher in the males (p<0.001), while the awareness (p<0.001), treatment (p<0.001), and control (p<0.001) rates were higher in the females. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of hypertension was increasing and the hypertension awareness, treatment, and control rates were low in younger age groups and males.
Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Antihypertensive Agents/*therapeutic use ; Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; Female ; *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Hypertension/*drug therapy/*epidemiology/prevention & control ; Linear Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nutrition Surveys ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Sex Factors ; Therapeutics/*trends

OBJECTIVETo analyze the trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment, control of hypertension among middle-aged Chinese.

METHODSThe study comprised two cross-sectional surveys including urban and rural residents, manual workers, farmers and fishermen in different southern and northern parts of China. There were 13 populations under research with comparable data. 18 746 (in 1992 - 1994) and 13 504 (in 1998) participants, aged 35 through 59 years, equal number of men and women, were examined in each of the surveys, on blood pressure measurement, in 1992 - 1994 and in 1998. Hypertension was defined as systolic pressure >/= 140 mm Hg, and/or diastolic pressure >/= 90 mm Hg, and/or reported treatment with antihypertensive medications. Awareness and treatment on hypertension were assessed with standardized questions. Hypertension control was defined as measured blood pressure of less than 140/90 mm Hg. Awareness, treatment and control of hypertension were standardized according to the WHO world standard population.

RESULTSIn 1998, 24.0% of participants had hypertension, an increase of 2.3% from 1992 - 1994. Prevalence of hypertension was higher in urban area (25.4%), increasing with age, and higher in men among the younger groups and lower in women among the older groups. Overall, in 1998, 42.6% were aware of their hypertensive status (increase of 5.3%), 31.3% were treated (increase of 3.8%), and the rate under control was 6.0% (increase of 2.6%). The rates of awareness, treatment and control, which tended to increase with age except those aged above 55 years, which were higher in urban areas and women compared with rural areas and men. For people with treated hypertension, the rates of those under control were ranged from 12.7% in 1992 - 1994, to 19.9% in 1998.

CONCLUSIONPrevalence of hypertension was increasing in China, while the rates of control, although improving, continued to be low. This implied that effective public measures needed to be developed to enhance the awareness and rates of treatment.

Adult ; Antihypertensive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Awareness ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Hypertension ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged ; Nutrition Surveys ; Prevalence ; Risk Reduction Behavior ; Rural Health ; Sampling Studies ; Sex Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urban Health

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify and assess the factors related to the awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension based on jurisdictional areas of primary health care posts in a rural community of Korea. METHODS: This study was performed on 4598 adults aged over 30 years in a rural community and we measured their blood pressure (BP) from October. 2007 to August. 2009. Hypertension is defined as a condition characterized by a systolic BP > or =140 mmHg, a diastolic BP > or =90 mmHg or reported treatment with antihypertensive medications. We analyzed the factors related with the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension using chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension was 34.7%. The age-adjusted rates of hypertension awareness, treatment and control were 50.6%, 93.9% and 64.1%, respectively. Awareness of hypertension was related with increasing age. Higher awareness was found among men who were felt more stress, were obese and had hypercholesterolemia, and among women who were regulary taking medicine for hypertension, were obese and had diabetes mellitus. In women, the hypertension treatment was related a Medical aid and education for hypertension management. Controlled hypertension was more common among men who were educated about the management of hypertension and among women who had hypercholesterolemia. CONCLUSIONS: The awareness of hypertension was low and the control of hypertension was high compared with the nationwide data (KNHANES 2005). The results suggest that understanding the characteristics of hypertension in a community is important to perform a community based hypertension control program.
Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use ; Blood Pressure ; Diabetes Complications ; Female ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia/complications ; Hypertension/drug therapy/epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Interviews as Topic ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity/complications ; Republic of Korea ; Risk Factors ; Rural Population ; Sex Factors ; Stress, Psychological/complications