OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Danshensu on the lipid metabolism of hyperlipidemic rats.

METHODSixty clean male SD rats were selected. Twelve of them were selected in the basic control group and fed with common foods, and the remaining rats were fed with the high-fat feeds. After the successful modeling, they were randomly divided into the high-fat control group and low dose (10 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)), medium dose (20 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) and high dose (40 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) Danshensu (dissolved in saline) groups. Both of the two groups were abdominally injected with the same volume of normal saline once a day for consecutively 30 days. The serum TG, TC, HDL-C and liver ACC1, FAS, HMGR, CPT-I mRNA expressions were detected.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONDanshensu could inhibit the LDL-C level, timely clear redundant cholesterol and effectively regulate the lipid metablism of hyperlipidemic rats by reducing the TC content, decrease the fatty acid by reducing the FAS mRNA expression, and reduce the synthesis levels of endogenous cholesterol by inhibit the HMGR mRNA expression.

Animals ; Hyperlipidemias ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Lactates ; pharmacology ; Lipid Metabolism ; drug effects ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Animals ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Hyperlipidemias ; blood ; drug therapy ; Leptin ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic effects of Berberine Capsule (BC) on patients with mild hyperlipidemia.

METHODSTotally 102 mild hyperlipemia patients were recruited. All patients were suggested to have proper diet and physical activity as basic therapy for 1 month of run-in period. Totally 97 patients completed it. Then they were randomly assigned to the berberine group (the treatment group, 49 cases) and the placebo group (the control group, 48 cases). Patients in the treatment group took BC 300 mg, while those in the control group took placebo 300 mg, thrice per day for 3 successive months. Then placebos and BC were interrupted for 2 months (as washout period). All subjects received only diet control and physical activity during washout period. After washout period, placebos and BC were re-administered to all patients in the same way for 3 months. Body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), TG, TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C were assessed after run-in period, washout period, at month 1, 2, 3 after the first therapy, at month 1, 2, 3 after second treatment, respectively.

RESULTSCompared with the end of run-in period, TG, TC, and LDL-C decreased, and HDL-C increased in the treatment group (P < 0.05) after first 3 months of treatment. Compared with 3 months after the first therapy, TG, TC, and LDL-C increased and HDL-C decreased in the treatment group after washout period (P < 0.05). Compared with the end of wash- out period, TC and LDL-C decreased in the treatment group at month 2 after second treatment (P < 0.05); TG, TC, and LDL-C decreased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), and HDL-C increased (P < 0.05) at month 3 after second treatment. Compared with the control group at month 3 after second treatment, TG, TC, and LDL-C all decreased, and HDL-C increased in the treatment group (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONBC was effective in improving blood lipid level in mild hyperlipidemia patients.

Berberine ; therapeutic use ; Blood Glucose ; analysis ; Body Mass Index ; Capsules ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; drug therapy ; Lipids ; blood

Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use* ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Hypertriglyceridemia/drug therapy* ; Proprotein Convertases ; Subtilisins

Through the non-targeted metabolomics study of endogenous substances in the liver and serum of hyperlipidemia rats, the biomarkers related to abnormal lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia rats were found, and the target of ginsenoside Rb_1 in improving hyperlipidemia was explored and its mechanism was elucidated. The content of serum biochemical indexes of rats in each group was detected by the automatic biochemical analyzer. The metabolite profiles of liver tissues and serum of rats were analyzed by HPLC-MS. Principal component analysis(PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) were used to compare and analyze the metabolic data in the normal group, the hyperlipidemia group, and the ginsenoside Rb_1 group, and screen potential biomar-kers. The related metabolic pathways were further constructed by KEGG database analysis. The results showed that hyperlipemia induced dyslipidemia in rats, which was alleviated by ginsenoside Rb_1. The non-targeted metabolomics results showed that there were 297 differential metabolites in the liver tissues of hyperlipidemia rats, 294 differential metabolites in the serum samples, and 560 diffe-rential metabolites in the hyperlipidemia rats treated by ginsenoside Rb_1. Perillic acid and N-ornithyl-L-taurine were common metabolites in the liver and serum samples, which could be used as potential biomarkers for ginsenoside Rb_1 in the improvement of hyperlipidemia. As revealed by pathway enrichment in the liver and serum, ginsenoside Rb_1 could participate in the metabolic pathway of choline in both the liver and serum. In addition, ginsenoside Rb_1 also participated in the ABC transporter, alanine, aspartic acid, and glutamate metabolism, protein digestion and absorption, β-alanine metabolism, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, caffeine metabolism, valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis, arachidonic acid metabolism, and methionine and cysteine metabolism to improve dyslipidemia in rats.
Rats ; Animals ; Hyperlipidemias/drug therapy* ; Metabolome ; Ginsenosides/metabolism* ; Lipid Metabolism ; Metabolomics/methods* ; Liver/metabolism* ; Biomarkers ; Taurine

Hyperlipidemia is one of the most important risk factors for atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease and other cardiovascular diseases. It is the main effect of lipid-lowering drugs to reduce the plasma low-density lipoprotein or to enhance high-density lipoprotein. Niemann-Pick C1 like 1 protein (NPC1L1), acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferases (ACAT), ATP binding cassette transporter G member 5 and member 8 (ABCG5/G8), microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP), monoacylglycerol acyltransferase, diacylglycerol acyltransferases (MAGT), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), farnesoid X receptor (FXR), and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) play key roles in the metabolism of lipid, which are regarded as the targets of anti-hyperlipidemia drugs and evidence for clinic choice of lipid-lowering drugs. These proteins are considered as breakthrough points for new lipid-lowering drug development.
Binding Sites ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; drug therapy ; Hypolipidemic Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Lipid Metabolism ; drug effects ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear ; drug effects

BACKGROUND: The ciprofibrate, 3rd generation fibrate derivative, is known as an effective hypolipidemic drug in both hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. We studied the efficacy and side effects of ciprofibrate dmonotherapy in patients with primary type II and type IV hyperlipidemia. METHOD: Patients who showed 12-hours fasting serum total cholesterol level more than 240mg% and/or serum triglyceride level more than 250mg% were enrolled to diet therapy. After 12 weeks of diet therapy serum lipid profiles were checked and the drug therapy was considered according to the above mentioned guidelines. The ciprofibrate 100mg p.o qd was administrated and the patients had regular follow-up every 6 weeks for 12 weeks. RESULTS: The total study population was 32 patients. Fifteen patients were type II hyperlipidemia and seventeen patients were type IV hyperlipidemia. The drug was well tolerated in all patients. There was mild gastrointestinal side effects in 9% of study patients but no patients discontinued ciprofibrate due to side effects. There was mild and transient serum CK elevation less than 3 times of baslines in 5(15%) patients. The LFT, serum uric acid, BUN and creatinine level did not show any significant changes during therapy. Serum total cholesterol and apolipoprotein B level in patients with type II hyperlipidemia showed significant reduction after 6week of therapy. The mean reduction was 25% and 32% respectively. Serum triglyceride level in patients with type IV hyperlipidemia decreased by 55%. The reduction of total cholesterol more than 25% could be achieved in 50% of type II hyperlipidemia and the reduction of triglyceride more than 25% could be achieved in 93% of type IV hyperlipidemia. CONCLUSION: The ciprofibrate is effective and sage hypolidipemic drug in patients with primary type II and type IV hyperlipidemia.
Apolipoproteins ; Cholesterol ; Creatinine ; Diet Therapy ; Drug Therapy ; Fasting ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia ; Hyperlipidemias* ; Hypertriglyceridemia ; Triglycerides ; Uric Acid

Aged ; Aging ; drug effects ; Arteriosclerosis ; drug therapy ; Dementia ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; drug therapy ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy ; Yang Deficiency ; drug therapy ; Yin Deficiency ; drug therapy

AIMTo observe the effect of rhubarb ethanol-extract on hyperlipidemia and liver fatty in rabbits.

METHODSThirty healthy male white rabbits were divided randomly into five groups, six rabbits in each group. The rabbits in control group were fed with common forage. The rabbits in model group were fed with high lipid forage. The rabbits in three different rhubarb groups were fed with high lipid forage and treated with different level rhubarb ethanol-extract (REE). In the process of experiment, periodically measured serology index of the rabbits and observed common physiology index. The rabbits were killed at the end of tenth week, liver fatty degeneration degree and liver coefficient were measured and compared.

RESULTSREE could decrease serum total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and increase serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and reduce liver fatty de generation and protect liver cell function. And the dose-effect relation was showed among different dose REE groups.

CONCLUSIONREE can significantly reduce blood lipid, prevent and treat hyperlipidemia and liver fatty.

Animals ; Ethanol ; Fatty Liver ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Hyperlipidemias ; blood ; drug therapy ; Lipids ; blood ; Liver ; drug effects ; Male ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Rheum

To investigate the effect of atorvastatin on lipid metabolism in type 2 elder diabetes patients with hyperlipidemia, 26 patients with type 2 elder diabetes complicated with hyperlipidemia were treated with atorvastatin (10 mg/d) for 8 weeks. The serum triglyceride (TG), high density protein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density protein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured before and after the treatment. Meanwhile, the non-denaturing polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis was used for detection of small-sized LDL(SLDL). Our results showed that TG dropped from 4.88 +/- 0.72 mmol/L to 2.65 +/- 0.32 mmol/L; HDL-C was increased from 0.85 +/- 0.31 mmol/L to 1.28 +/- 0.29 mmol/L; LDL-C was declined from 3.71 +/- 2.98 mmol/L to 2.10 +/- 1.22 mmol/L, sLDL-A was increased from (42.49 +/- 8.1)% to (53.27 +/- 7.5)%; LDL-B was decreased from (57.91 +/- 8.1)% to (46.73 +/- 7.5% ) (P<0.05). The level of blood glucose was not changed at the end of 8th week. It is concluded that atorvastatin has satisfactory lipid-regulating effects on type 2 elder diabetes patients with hyperlipidemia.
Anticholesteremic Agents/*therapeutic use ; Cholesterol, HDL/blood ; Cholesterol, LDL/blood ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy ; Heptanoic Acids/*therapeutic use ; Hyperlipidemias/complications ; Hyperlipidemias/*drug therapy ; Pyrroles/*therapeutic use ; Triglycerides/blood