BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although globus pharyngeus is a common disorder, the treatment is by and large unsatisfactory because of unreliable diagnosis. When we examine the larynx in patients with this disease, it is easy to observe variations in the structure of larynx, including the posterior laryngitis. Physicians regard these findings as normal variations, however, the hyperkinetic movement of supraglottis will show symptoms of globus pharyngeus. This study examined the outcomes of a voice therapy which induced laryngeal relaxation of the signs and symptoms of globus haryngeus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: While the control group was treated with antireflux therapy, the experimental group was treated with antireflux therapy as well as with voice therapy for laryngeal relaxation. The outcome showed resolution of the symptoms. RESULTS: The symptoms responded more greatly to the combined treatment than to the control group. Granularity in the vocal process and the hyperkinetic movement of supraglottis responded to the combined treatment. CONCLUSION: This study showed that voice therapy is one of the effective treatments for globus pharyngeus.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Hyperkinesis ; Laryngitis ; Larynx ; Relaxation ; Voice*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Functional voice disorders usually occur as results of hyperkinetic movements of the vocal apparatus. The best treatment of these diseases is voice therapy. But the classical voice therapy has many difficulties for laryngologist to put in operation. The aims of this study were to investigate of the effects of group voice therapy that laryngologist can use to treat many patients in limited time. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed group voice therapy and classical voice therapy on 129 patients, and compared the results according to age, sex, past history, symptoms, physical examination, patients' subjective evaluation, perceptual evaluation of voice, and maximal phonation time. RESULTS: Patients' subjective evaluation, perceptual evaluation, pathologic findings of larynx, maximal phonation time showed superior results in group voice therapy. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that the group voice therapy is an effective treatment method laryngologists can use for hyperfunctional voice disorders.
Humans ; Hyperkinesis ; Larynx ; Phonation ; Physical Examination ; Voice Disorders ; Voice*

Diencephalic syndrome of infancy which is characterized by progressive and profound emaciation often with normal or accelerated skeletal growth, hyperkinesias, hypotension, and hypoglycemia. The profound emaciation so characteristic this syndrome has yet to be explained. The diencephalic syndrome is caused by low grade astrocytoma, ependymoma in the third ventricle including the hypothalamus. Authers report a case of diencephalic syndrome which was confirmed in this patient with ependymoma in the region of anterior hypothalamus by transcallosal approach.
Astrocytoma ; Emaciation ; Ependymoma ; Humans ; Hyperkinesis ; Hypoglycemia ; Hypotension ; Hypothalamus ; Hypothalamus, Anterior ; Third Ventricle

Stress cardiomyopathy (SCMP) is characterized by a transient left ventricular dysfunction associated with apical ballooning and compensatory hyperkinesias of the basal segments after emotional or physical stress, but inverted or mid-ventricular variants of SCMP have also been described. Although catecholamine excess has been suggested as a possible pathophysiologic mechanism of SCMP, the etiology of SCMP is still unknown. Here, we report a case of inverted type of SCMP with clinical presentation mimicking acute coronary syndromes. The cause or precipitating stressor was unclear initially, but pheochromocytoma has been demonstrated as a cause of SCMP during clinical follow-up at out-patient clinic in the present case. Catecholamine-producing tumors should be included in the evaluation or management of SCMP, even though initial clinical manifestations are not suggestive for pheochromocytoma.
Acute Coronary Syndrome ; Cardiomyopathies ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyperkinesis ; Outpatients ; Pheochromocytoma* ; Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy* ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left

Stress-induced cardiomyopathy, known as Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, is a newly described clinical entity characterized by transient left ventricular apical ballooning and left ventricular apical dyskinesis, with no significant stenosis on the coronary angiogram. We describe a patient who had transient cardiomyopathy with akinesia of the basal portions of the left ventricle and hyperkinesia of the apex. This is the first case of stress-induced cardiomyopathy with an "inverted Takotsubo" contractile pattern triggered by emotional stress in Korea. The cause of stress-induced cardiomyopathy is unclear, but catecholamines probably play a role in this syndrome. This entity could provide clues to the pathophysiology underlying stress-induced cardiomyopathy.
Cardiomyopathies ; Catecholamines ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Hyperkinesis ; Korea ; Stress, Psychological ; Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy

Abnormal motor behaviors caused by ipsilateral hemispheric lesions have not been frequently reported. However, a 76-year-old woman developed left hemiparesis and abnormal movements of the right limb. Upon observation, she would unintentionally rotate her hand continuously on the table in a stereotypical way. A brain CT showed an infarction in the basal ganglia and corona radiata. We report this patient with unilateral hyperkinesia and contralateral hemiparesis due to ipsilateral basal ganglia lesions.
Aged ; Basal Ganglia* ; Brain ; Dyskinesias ; Extremities ; Female ; Hand ; Humans ; Hyperkinesis* ; Infarction* ; Paresis*

Child ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperkinesis ; genetics ; Intellectual Disability ; genetics ; Mutation ; rab GTP-Binding Proteins ; genetics

Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling governs important physiological and pathological processes key to cellular life. Loss of mTOR negative regulators and subsequent over-activation of mTOR signaling are major causes underlying epileptic encephalopathy. Our previous studies showed that UBTOR/KIAA1024/MINAR1 acts as a negative regulator of mTOR signaling, but whether UBTOR plays a role in neurological diseases remains largely unknown. We therefore examined a zebrafish model and found that ubtor disruption caused increased spontaneous embryonic movement and neuronal activity in spinal interneurons, as well as the expected hyperactivation of mTOR signaling in early zebrafish embryos. In addition, mutant ubtor larvae showed increased sensitivity to the convulsant pentylenetetrazol, and both the motor activity and the neuronal activity were up-regulated. These phenotypic abnormalities in zebrafish embryos and larvae were rescued by treatment with the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin. Taken together, our findings show that ubtor regulates motor hyperactivity and epilepsy-like behaviors by elevating neuronal activity and activating mTOR signaling.
Animals ; Hyperkinesis/genetics* ; Mutation/genetics* ; Signal Transduction ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism* ; Zebrafish/metabolism*

Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a hyperkinetic movement disorder associated with the prolonged use of antipsychotic drugs. Since prostate apoptosis response 4 (Par-4) is a key ligand of the dopamine D2 receptor, the Par-4 gene (PAWR) is a good candidate gene to study in the context of TD susceptibility. We examined the association between PAWR gene polymorphisms and TD. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms of PAWR were selected for the analysis: rs7979987, rs4842318, and rs17005769. Two hundred and eighty unrelated Korean schizophrenic patients participated in this study (105 TD and 175 non-TD patients). Genotype/allele-wise and haplotype-wise analyses were performed. There were no significant differences in genotype and allele frequencies between the two groups. Haplotype analysis also did not reveal a difference between the two groups. Within the limitations imposed by the size of the clinical sample, these findings suggest that PAWR gene variants do not significantly contribute to an increased risk of TD.
Antipsychotic Agents ; Apoptosis ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Hyperkinesis ; Movement Disorders ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Prostate ; Receptors, Dopamine D2 ; Schizophrenia

Amphetamine toxicity is well known in western countries since several decades ago. Taken in excessive amount, amphetamine causes systemic symptoms such as hyperpyrexia, tachycardia, hyperkinesia, delirium, seizure and circulatory collapse. Acute renal failure following amphetamine ingestion is caused by the direct toxicity of the drug, circulatory collapse, coagulopathy, retroperitoneal hematoma or tubular obstruction by rhabdomyolysis. This is a case of a amphetamine intoxicated 41-year male patient presenting with features of acute renal failure, which is not accompanied by circulatory collapse, nor by coagulopathy. Muscle enzymes and bone scan findings were compatible with nontraumatic muscle injuries, and the renal pathology was tubular necrosis with specific myoglobin casts. Therefore a drug induced rhabdomyolysis causing myoglobinuric tubular injury is highly suspected. The fact that the outcome of the renal disease itself was good despite fatal dosage of this drug is also compatible with myoglobinuric renal failures reported by foreign authors. This is probably the first reported case of acute renal failure caused by amphetamine associated rhabdomyolysis in Korea.
Acute Kidney Injury* ; Amphetamine ; Delirium ; Eating ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Hyperkinesis ; Korea ; Male ; Myoglobin ; Necrosis ; Pathology ; Renal Insufficiency ; Rhabdomyolysis* ; Seizures ; Shock ; Tachycardia