No abstract available.
Hyperamylasemia*

No abstract available.
Hyperamylasemia* ; Sertraline*

Humans ; Hyperamylasemia ; physiopathology ; Infant, Newborn ; Neonatology

There is growing evidence that oxygen-derived free radicals(OFR's) play a role in the pathogenesis of pancreatic diseases, especially of acute pancreatitis. Many types of experimental ex vivo and in vitro pancreatitis can be inhibited by superoxide dismutase and catalse. (continue...)
Hyperamylasemia* ; Oxygen* ; Pancreatic Diseases ; Pancreatitis ; Superoxide Dismutase

Acute pancreatitis as a complication of organophosphate intoxication has been infrequently addressed. Previous reports have suggested that acute pancreatitis may follow the oral ingestion of several organophosphates. The pathogenesis of this pancreatic damage has been studied in a few animal studies. However, the association between acute pancreatits and human organophosphate intoxication may still not be widely recognized. We experienced 6 cases described as hyperamylasemia and hyperlipasemia with a presumptive diagnosis of acute pancreatitis following organophosphate intoxication, and we analyzed them to provide human baseline data for further studies and patient management. We report these case series with an analysis and a literature review.
Animals ; Diagnosis ; Eating ; Humans ; Hyperamylasemia ; Organophosphates ; Pancreatitis*

For many years ERCP has been contraindicated in acute pancreatitis. The injection of contrast medium. which may cause hyperamylasemia and occasionally an attack of acute pancreatitis even in normal indivisuals, was allowed only two to three weeks after subsidence of symptoms. Gallstone disease is one of the most common etilogical factors in pancreatitis and migration or impaction of gallstone in the ampulla of Vater causes pancreatitis. (continue...)
Ampulla of Vater ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde* ; Gallstones ; Hyperamylasemia ; Pancreatitis*

Intermittent clamping of the portal pedicle during hepatic resection may reduce the amount of bleeding but it can induce ischemic injury to the liver. Almost all reports about Pringle's maneuver center around the ischemic insult to the liver and the longest duration time. Recently it was reported that prolongation of portal congestion carries a potential risk of serum amylase elevation and pancreatitis after hepatic resection with the intermittent Pringle maneuver. The aim of this prospective study was to analyze the changing patterns of the serum amylase and the lipase levels and to analyze the factors that may be associated with hyperamylasemia and hyperlipasemia after hepatic resection with intermittent Pringle maneuver. The serum amylase and the lipase levels elevated slowly after hepatic resection and reached to the highest level on postoperative day 11. The serum amylase level and the lipase level in the control group was highest on postoperative day 1 and postoperative day 5 respectively. The elevation of the amylase and lipase levels in the major hepatic resection group, the group in which clamping time was more than 30 minutes, and the patient group with normal liver was higher. These results suggest that a prolonged intermittent Pringle's maneuver and the larger amount of resected hepatic parenchyme may cause hyperamylasemia and hyperlipasemia and the underlying mechanism may be the prolonged congestion of the pancreas.
Amylases* ; Constriction ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hyperamylasemia ; Lipase* ; Liver ; Pancreas ; Pancreatitis ; Prospective Studies

Hyperamylasemia may follow hepatic resection; Akagi reports 15(62.5%) of his 24 patients with hepatic resection experienced hyperamylasemia, and almost none of those patients had clinical symptoms or complications. The mechanism of postoperative hyperamylasemia is not clear yet, but Makuuchi states that the cause of hyperamylasemia is pancreatic congestion due to vascular occlusion methods used during hepatic resection. The frequency of hyperamylasemia, occurrence of pancreatitis, and factors likely to cause hyperamylasemia following hepatic resection were studied by the authors. The subjects consisted of 31 patients without history of pancreatitis or DM who underwent hepatic resection. In all of the cases, serum amylase levels were measured on the preoperative day, operative day, and postoperative days 1, 3, 5 and 7. Total serum amylase level was found to be significantly elevated postoperatively in 14(42.5%) of 31 patients undergoing hepatic resection. These patients did not have pancreatitis nor fatal complications. The serum amylase was at its lowest level(153+/-79U/L) immediately after operation, and highest(321+/-176U/L) on postoperative day 1, and eventually returned to preoperative level. When the difference in serum amylase level based on the patient's preoperative state was considered, patient's in the liver cirrhosis group(n=17) had significantly elevated postoperative serum amylase level on postoperative days 3, 5 and 7 in comparison with the group of patients without liver cirrhosis (p<0.05). The differences in the level of serum amylase based on ICG R15 retention rate, extent of hepatic resection, age and vascular occlusion time used during hepatic resection did not show any statistical signifcance. Since postoperative hyperamylasemia was not related to vascular occlusion time used during hepatic resection, and the level of serum amylase was higher in the liver cirrhosis group than in the normal liver group, the cause of hyperamylasemia following hepatic resection cannot be explained by pancreatic congestion due to vascular occlusion time used during hepatic resection.
Amylases* ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Hyperamylasemia ; Liver ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Pancreatitis

BACKGROUND: This study was performed to evaluate the incidences, the risk factors, and the clinical course of the hyperamylasemia in patients who underwent open heart surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Thirty seven patients who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass were studied at Department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Yeungnam University Hospital, from July 1997 to June 1998. The thirty seven patients were divided into two groups, 13 patients in group I had normal serum amylase levels and 24 patients in group II had hyperamylasemia. Mean serum amylase(IU/l) levels and 24 patients in group II had hyperamylasemia. Mean serum amylase(IU/l) levels of gorup II showed 54.3+/-4.6, 78.0+/-9.2, 372.0+/-103.4, 460.5+/-80.4, 280.4+/-46.6, and 131.0+/-15.6, preoperative, immediate postoperative, at postoperative 1, 2, 3, and 7 days, respectively. In group II, serum amylase level of the postoperative day 2 was the highest and was significantly higher than that of the preoperative day (p<0.001). Serum amylase level started to decreased at postoperative day 3 and returned to the normal level at postoperative day 7. Significant clinical symtoms of overt pancreatitis were not shown in patients in group II. The following perioperative variable such as diagnosis, cardiopulmonary bypass time, aortic cross clamping time, mean systemic pressure during bypass, and administration of steroid were compared between groups. There were no significant differences between groups. In all patients, Serum amylase level of postoperative day 2 and aortic cross clamping time were correlated significantly (p=0.047). CONCLUSION: Serum amylase level after cardiopulmonary bypass could be elevated postoperatively and serum amylase level of POD 2 was considered to have significant correlation with aortic cross clamping time. Shortening of aortic cross clamping time will help in reducing the hyperamylsemia. In this study, although significant clinical symptoms and overt pancreatitis were not seen from hyperamylsemic patients, careful clinical observation of hyperamylasemia would be necessary.
Amylases ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass* ; Constriction ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Hyperamylasemia* ; Incidence ; Pancreatitis ; Risk Factors ; Thoracic Surgery

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The advent of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography (ERCP) has made it possible to identify the pancreatic ductal (PD) system. There is no established relationship between the PD system and various pancreaticobiliary diseases. The purpose of this study was to identify the morphological diversities and anatomical variations of PD and to define the relationship between PD types and pancreaticobiliary diseases. METHODS: Five hundred and eighty-two consecutive patients, in whom both PD and common bile duct (CBD) were clearly visualized by ERCP, were included. PD types were categorized according to the relationship between CBD and PD. The anatomical variations were classified into migration, fusion, and duplication anomalies. RESULTS: The PD types were classified into type A 84.4%, type B 9.6%, type C 3.4%, and type D 2.6%. The PD anomalies were noted in 51 patients, which were comprised of 19 (3.3%) fusion anomalies (12 complete pancreas divisum, 7 incomplete pancreas divisum) and 32 (5.5%) duplication anomalies (5 number variations, 27 form variations). No significant relationships between various PD morphologies and pancreaticobiliary diseases were found. Hyperamylasemia was more frequently complicated in type C (41.7%) and D (50%) than in type A and B after ERCP. CONCLUSIONS: Though a close relationship was not found between various PD types and pancreaticobiliary diseases, being familiar with the morphology and anatomical variation is worth it, for more accurate interpretation and for prediction of a complication such as pancreatitis.
Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde* ; Common Bile Duct ; Humans ; Hyperamylasemia ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Ducts* ; Pancreatitis