No abstract available.
Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary* ; Male*

No abstract available.
Eating ; Functional Food ; Hypertrichosis ; Minoxidil

No abstract available.
Coronary Artery Bypass* ; Coronary Vessels*

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data in child health education or counselling through content analysis related to child health in newspaper articles. Data were collected 8 daily newspaper by selecting health articles from neonate to adolescent period during 1 year from January 1 to December 31 in 1998. The data were analyzed in the framework of content analysis method and the reliability degree was 98% by the method of Holsti. The results of this study are as follows. 1. The frequency according to health category, disease treatment(46.7%) topped followed by health maintenance . promotion(28.0%), disease prevention(14.7%), growth? development(10.6%). 2. The frequency according to season, summer(36. 4%) rank first. 3. The frequency according to WHO international disease classification, infectious disease(29.6%) take most. 4. According to child developmental age, similar frequency showed from infant to adolescent except neonate. 5. 201 themes, 43 category, 4 health categories were confirmed in the content analysis. 6. Health maintence . promotion occupy 28.0% of health category include 14 categories. 7. Growth . development include 6 category occupying 10.6% of the whole health category. 8. Disease prevention occupy 14.7%0 of health category and contain 6 categories. 9. Disease treatment take top of health category by the rate of 46.7% and contain 17 categories.
Adolescent ; Child ; Child Development ; Child Health* ; Child* ; Classification ; Education ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Newspapers* ; Seasons ; Periodicals

PURPOSE: The peak incidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC) in the pediatric age group is in the neonatal period. The objective was to determine the early diagnostic laboratory tests of DIC in newborn infants. METHODS: 46 neonates with DIC, admitted between January 1995 and November 1998 in NICU of Chungnarn National University Hospital, were compared with 49 newborn infants in control group. We checked platelet counts, PT, aPTT, FDP, fibrinogen and AT III in both groups. We defined abnormality of laboratory tests of DIC as values which outranged 2 S.D. of control group means. In DIC group, serial laboratory tests were performed in 35 patients. RESULTS: Symptoms or signs suggestive of DIC were abdominal distension(40%), bleeding(35%), apnea(15%), and lethargy(15%). The incidence of infection was 65%, and the incidence of keeping endotracheal tube, arterial line, umbilical venous catheterization, TPN and asphyxia was about 40%. Sensitivity of laboratory tests was as follows: fibrinogen was 63%, platelet count 59%, aPTT 49%. And specificity was 100% for FDP, 96% for platelet count, and 93% for fibrinogen. 22 patients showed at least one of the initially normal values changed to abnormal during follow up tests. The percentage of transition was 83% for fibrinogen and 64% for platelet count. In DIC group, 34 patients (74%) improved, but 12(26%) died. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the most reliable initial diagnostic laboratory tests in DIC are fibrinogen and platelet counts.
Asphyxia ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Dacarbazine ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation* ; Fibrinogen ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn* ; Platelet Count ; Reference Values ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Vascular Access Devices

PURPOSE: Prediction of developmental outcome after perinatal asphyxia is important but difficult. The objective was to evaluate the relationship of perinatal risk factors and neonatal complications with Bayley Scales of Infant Development II (BSID-II) scores in asphyxiated newborns. METHODS: Forty asphyxiated infants, admitted between January and December 1997, were studied at a mean corrected age of 12.7 months. Perinatal risk factors, neonatal complications and developmental outcome were evaluated. Subjects were classified by BSID-II scores: 23 infants with normal development [Mental Developmental Index(MDI) and Psychomotor Developmental Index(PDI) > or =85] in Group 1, and 17 with delayed outcome(MDI or PDI<85) in Group 2 [Group2A: 10 infants with mild delay(MDI and PDI > or =70), and Group2B 7 with significant delay(MDI or PDI < or =70)]. RESULTS: MDI and PDI in Groups 1 and 2 were 98.97.0 and 108.4+/-10.1 vs. 79.3+/-16.2 and 79.5+/-22.6, respectively. MDI and PDI of Groups 2A and 2B were 85.7+/-11.4 and 94.215.7 vs.8.4 and 58.6+/-11.0, respectively. There were no significant differences in Apgar score, fetal deceleration, seizure, meconium aspiration, pH, BE, pCO2, LDH, CPK, CPK isoenzymes, EE(and brain ultrasonographic findings between Groups 1 and 2. But ultrasonographic findings were significantly different between Groups 1 and 2B. CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference of perinatal risk factors or neonatal complications between normal and delayed developmental groups by Bayley scales in asphyxiated newborns.
Apgar Score ; Asphyxia ; Brain ; Child ; Child Development ; Deceleration ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Isoenzymes ; Meconium Aspiration Syndrome ; Risk Factors* ; Seizures ; Weights and Measures*

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnant Women*

No abstract available.
Doxorubicin* ; Drug Therapy* ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma*

No abstract available.
Aorta, Thoracic*

PURPOSE AND BACKGROUND: Recently several clinical studies suggested that maternal treatment with magnesium sulfate had protective effects against cerebral palsy in premature infants. But previous studies with differing perinatal animal models resulted in inconclusive results with regard to magnesium neuroprotection. Our purpose was to study the neuroprotective effect of magnesium sulfate and optimal dosage on hypoxicischemic brain damage in the newborn rat. METHOD: Seven-day-old rats(n=68) underwent right carotid ligation, followed by 3 hours of hypoxia(8% oxygen in 92% nitrogen). Rats received magnesium sulfate immediately before and again after hypoxia(two doses, 150mg-600mg/kg/dose, n=39), or saline solution(n=29). Severity of injury was assessed 5 days later, by visual evaluation of ipsilateral hemisphere infarction and by measurement of bilateral hemispheric cross sectional areas. RESULTS: Magnesium sulfate pre-treatment reduced the incidence of liquefactive cerebral infarction and atrophy from 80.8% in controls to 22.2% with magnesium sulfate(450 mg/kg/dose, P<0.05). Quantitation of hemispheric areas confirmed these findings. Percent protection based on inter-hemisphere area differences by pre-treatment with magnesium sulfate 450mg/kg/dose ranged from 71.1%(hippocampus) to 90.8%(striatum). However higher dose of magnesium(600mg/kg/dose) did not attenuate hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in the newborn rat but increased mortality. CONCLUSION: Pretreatment of magnesium sulfate has neuroprotective effects against hypoxia-ischemia in the newborn rat and adequate dose of magnesium sufate is important to protect the brain. Magnesium pretreatment may be an effective strategy to decrease the severity of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in the adequate dose.
Animals ; Atrophy ; Brain ; Brain Injuries ; Cerebral Infarction ; Cerebral Palsy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn* ; Infant, Premature ; Infarction ; Ligation ; Magnesium Sulfate* ; Magnesium* ; Models, Animal ; Mortality ; Neuroprotective Agents* ; Oxygen ; Rats*