BACKGROUND: The effects of melanocyte stimulating hormone(MSH) on the integument of many species, including mammals, are well known. The significance of MSH as a physiological regulator of cutaneous pigmentation in humans is still controversial. Although the administration of MSH results in skin darkening, previous reports suggest that cultured human melanocytes are relatively unresponsive to this peptide. This may be related to the conditions under which the melanocytes were cultured. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of alpha-MSH on the morphological changes, survival, and melanization of cultured human melanocytes in a basal medium without any mitogen. METHOD: We examined the morphological changes, number and melanin contents of cultured human melanocytes in control(absence of alpha-MSH) and experimental groups(presence of 10(-8) M, 10(-7) M, and 10(-6) M alpha-MSH). RESULTS: 1. There were no significant morphological changes of cells between the control and experimental groups after 24, 48, and 72 hours' culture. The number and length of melanocyte dendrites showed no significant difference between the groups after 24, 48, and 72 hours' culture. 2. The number of melanocytes in the experimental groups(presence of 10(-7) M, and 10(-6) M alpha-MSH) were significantly higher than the number of melanocytes in control group after 72 hours culture(p<0.05). This effect of alpha-MSH was dose-related. 3. The melanin contents slightly increased in the experimental groups. The significant difference between the groups was showed in the presence of 10(-8) M alpha-MSH. CONCLUSIONS: alpha-MSH has no effect on the morphology, but increases the survival of cultured human melanocytes and has a melanogenic effect.
alpha-MSH* ; Dendrites ; Humans* ; Mammals ; Melanins ; Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones ; Melanocytes* ; Pigmentation ; Skin

No abstract available.

Acne vulgaris was studied from July, 1976, to September, 1976, in 1, 089 high school students by questionaires in Kwangju city. Results were as follows; 1. The prevalence of acne in this group was 71. 2 % There was no difference between boys and girls, 2. Generally, severity of acne in boys was higher than girls. 3. Approximately 80% of all participants who had acne had involvement of the face 4. The mean age of onset was 15. 7 in boys and 15. 2 in girls. 5. Among 53.9% of the participants who reported a seasonal change, there was irnprovernent in acne during fall in boys, winter in gi."1s. 6. Relation between the severity of acne and menstural period was not noticed. 7. Of the students with acne, 58.3% had a familial history. 8. The mean age of initiation of therapy was 16. 5 years for bosy and 15. 2 years for girls.
Acne Vulgaris* ; Adolescent* ; Age of Onset ; Female ; Gwangju ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Seasons ; Statistics as Topic*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Korea*

To revise the medical terms, the Korean medical association(KMA) organized the committee for medical terms(CMT). CMT has worked for translation of medical terms into Korean, more easy to understand, more meaningful, and good to pronounce. Medical terms appearing in the 3rd and 2nd editions of termonology books were evaluated by board members of the committee, who have special interest in medical terms and are expert terminologists. Modern medical terms in foreign language are not easy to understand not only by doctors but also by medical students. Thus regular translation of foreign language terms into Korean terms in necessary. The medical terms, especially in the field of internal medicine, are built up on the backbone of basic sience and basic medical terms. Fortunately, the Association of Korean Anatomy published a terminology book of anatomy in Korean language. It prompted other medical societies to translate medical terms into Korean language. The field of internal medicine has been recently divided into several subspecialilies in Korea such as gastro-intestinology, cardiology, pulmonology, nephrology, endocrinology, hemato-oncology, reheumatogy, allergy, and infectious disease. Some subspecial societies have there own terminology books. This raised some problems, because the translation yielded somewhat different meanings even in the same terms in the terminology books. Therefore, CMT organized and conducted concensus meeting to discuss the different points of the same terms. The topics of education by CMT included the way to translate foreign terms, the criteria of beautiful language, and the root of medical terms.
Cardiology ; Communicable Diseases ; Education ; Endocrinology ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Internal Medicine ; Korea ; Nephrology ; Pulmonary Medicine ; Societies, Medical ; Students, Medical

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is frequently associated with bleeding and coagulopathy complications, which may lead to the need for transfusion of multiple blood products. However, blood transfusions are known to increase morbidity and mortality, as well as hospital cost, in critically ill patients. In current practice, patients on ECMO receive a transfusion, on average, of 1-5 packed red blood cells (RBCs)/day, with platelet transfusion accounting for the largest portion of transfusion volume. Generally, adult patients require more transfusions than neonates or children, and patients receiving venovenous ECMO for respiratory failure tend to need smaller transfusion volumes compared to those receiving venoarterial ECMO for cardiac failure. Observation studies have reported that a higher transfusion volume was associated with increased mortality. To date, the evidence for transfusion in patients undergoing ECMO is limited; most knowledge on transfusion strategies was extrapolated from studies in critically ill patients. However, current data support a restrictive blood transfusion strategy for ECMO patients, and a low transfusion trigger seems to be safe and reasonable.
Adult ; Blood Transfusion* ; Child ; Critical Illness ; Erythrocytes ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation* ; Heart Failure ; Hemorrhage ; Hospital Costs ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Mortality ; Platelet Transfusion ; Respiratory Insufficiency

No abstract available.
Fees and Charges* ; Insurance*

A study was made on 72 cases of skin tumor and tumorous conditions of the eyelid and periorbita,l areas which were obtained as surgical pathology specimens during the period. of 5 years and 8 months from January, 1977 to August, 1982, at Department of Dermatology, Chosun University Hospital. The results were as follows. Of the 72 cases of skin tumor and tumorous conditions, 65 cases (90. 5%) were benign, and 7 cases (9. 7%) were malignant. The ratio of male vs. female was 1: 3. 6 for benign tumorous conditions and 6: 1 for malignant tumors. The peak age incidence for benign tumorous conditions were at the 3rd decade (R6. 9%). The peak age incidence for malignant tumors were at the R rd decade (28. 6%) and above the 7 the decade (28. 6%). The benign tumorous conditions were 21 cases (82. S%) of syringoma, 21 cases (82. 3%) of pigmented nevus, 6 cases (9. 2%) of epidermal cyst and 5 cases (7. 7%) of xanthelasma. The malignant tumors were R cases (42. 9%) of squamous cell carcinoma, 2 cases (28. 6,.) of basal cell epithelioma and 2 cases (28. 6%) of malignant melanoma. The predilection sites of the benign tumorous conditions were lower eyelid and inferior periorhital area (59. 1%). The predilection sites of the malignant t:umors were lower eyelid and inferior periorbital area (42. 9%).
Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Dermatology ; Epidermal Cyst ; Eyelids* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Melanoma ; Nevus, Pigmented ; Pathology, Surgical ; Skin* ; Syringoma