No abstract available.
Chylothorax*

Occasionally, patients with gastrointestinal Crohn's disease (CD) develop granulomatous skin lesions at sites remote from the gastrointestinal tract, separated from other ulcerations by normal skin, a phenomenon that has been referred to as metastatic cutaneous CD. Although metastatic CD of the vulval region has been often reported in English literature, we could not find such cases with family history. We report a case of vulval CD occurring in siblings.
Crohn Disease* ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Siblings* ; Skin ; Ulcer ; Vulva*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Subclavian Artery*

No abstract available.
Coronary Artery Bypass* ; Coronary Vessels*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree of the gender role identity and quality of life of women applying hormone replacement therapy with hysterectomy and to identify the relation among these variables.The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree of the gender role identity and quality of life of women applying hormone replacement therapy with hysterectomy and to identify the relation among these variables. METHODS: The subjects were 121 outpatients applying hormone replacement therapy with hysterectomy at a university hospital in Busan province. The data were collected using self-reported questionnaire and medical record, from September to October 2008. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences in the degree of quality of life according to the age, educational level, occupation, family economic status, Body Mass Index (BMI), menopause state, duration to restarting intercourse from hysterectomy, discomfort from intercourse, satisfaction from intercourse and duration, sources, and formulation of hormone replacement therapy (HRT). The femininity identity group occupied the largest proportion (31.4%), and then the masculinity identity group (28.1%), the undifferentiated identity group (26.4%), and finally the androgyny identity group (14.1%). There was a positive correlation between femininity and quality of life (r=.276, p=.002). CONCLUSION: These results indicate that HRT helps the women's sense of loss caused by hysterectomy to be reduced, the postmenopausal symptom after hysterectomy to be relieved and the quality of life to be improved.
Body Mass Index ; Female ; Femininity ; Gender Identity ; Hormone Replacement Therapy ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Masculinity ; Medical Records ; Menopause ; Occupations ; Outpatients ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: To determine the prognostic values of the hematologic parameters checked preoperatively in gastric cancer patients, we evaluated and compared the relationship between hematologic parameters and clinicopathologic factors of gastric cancer patient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The medical records of 357 consecutive patients who had undergone surgery for gastric cancer at the Department of Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital, between Dec. 2,000 and Dec. 2003 were reviewed. To exclude any adverse effect of invasive procedures to hematologic parameters, the samples taken immediately at outpatient department was used. The normal range of serum albumin was defined above 3.5 g/dl, serum hemoglobin above 12 g/dl, and serum platelet count under 400x10(3)/microliter. Patients were defined as group 1 when any of these parameters was abnormal, and defined as group 2 when all parameters were normal. The relationships between hematologic parameters and survival rate were investigated. RESULTS: The mean values of platelet count increased, but level of serum albumin and serum hemoglobin decreased significantly according to the advancement of the disease stage (P=0.000). The differences of depth of tumor invasion and lymph node metastasis between the group 1 and the group2 was statistically significant (P=0.001). Three-year survival difference between group 1 and group 2 was significant (P=0.037). CONCLUSION: The hematologic parameters checked preoperatively in patients of gastric cancer are simple and cheap, meanwhile reflect the general condition of the patients. Any presence of anemia, hypoalbuminemia, or thrombocytosis can predict the progression of the disease and poor survival rates.
Anemia ; Humans ; Hypoalbuminemia ; Lymph Nodes ; Medical Records ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Outpatients ; Platelet Count ; Prognosis ; Reference Values ; Serum Albumin ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Survival Rate ; Thrombocytosis

PURPOSE: Superficially spreading (SS) early gastric cancer (EGC) is characterized by wide horizontal extension without deep vertical invasion. It is a relatively rare form of EGC, and it's clinicopathological (C-P) characteristics are not evident. This study aimed to clarify their C-P characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We defined SS EGC as invading less than the submucosal layer that measured more than 60 mm in diameter or wider than 5 x 5 cm (25 cm2) in width. The C-P characteristics and prognosis were compared between 69 patients with SS EGC and 319 patients with the common type EGC (EGC except SS type). RESULTS: For SS EGC, lymph node metastases, Lauren's diffuse type, lymphatic invasion were significantly higher than in common type EGC. In patients with SS EGC, all of the metastatic lymph nodes were anatomically distributed within the paragastric region, with fewer along the left gastric artery and common hepatic artery. In 6 cases of SS EGC with resection margins less than 10 mm, there was no death during the follow-up period (4 to 13 years after operation) if margins were not involved. Age (>58 yrs), tumor site (upper 1/3), lymph node metastasis, submucosal invasion were statistically significant poor prognostic factor in univariate survival analysis. In multivariate survival analysis, age and lymph node metastasis were independent prognostic factors. However, tumor diameter or width was not a significant prognostic factor. CONCLUSION: Although SS EGC has histologically distinct properties, gastrectomy with free surgical margins and appropriate lymph node dissection (D1+beta) could be a suitable treatment.
Arteries ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrectomy ; Hepatic Artery ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Stomach Neoplasms*

PURPOSE: Superficially spreading (SS) early gastric cancer (EGC) is characterized by wide horizontal extension without deep vertical invasion. It is a relatively rare form of EGC, and it's clinicopathological (C-P) characteristics are not evident. This study aimed to clarify their C-P characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We defined SS EGC as invading less than the submucosal layer that measured more than 60 mm in diameter or wider than 5 x 5 cm (25 cm2) in width. The C-P characteristics and prognosis were compared between 69 patients with SS EGC and 319 patients with the common type EGC (EGC except SS type). RESULTS: For SS EGC, lymph node metastases, Lauren's diffuse type, lymphatic invasion were significantly higher than in common type EGC. In patients with SS EGC, all of the metastatic lymph nodes were anatomically distributed within the paragastric region, with fewer along the left gastric artery and common hepatic artery. In 6 cases of SS EGC with resection margins less than 10 mm, there was no death during the follow-up period (4 to 13 years after operation) if margins were not involved. Age (>58 yrs), tumor site (upper 1/3), lymph node metastasis, submucosal invasion were statistically significant poor prognostic factor in univariate survival analysis. In multivariate survival analysis, age and lymph node metastasis were independent prognostic factors. However, tumor diameter or width was not a significant prognostic factor. CONCLUSION: Although SS EGC has histologically distinct properties, gastrectomy with free surgical margins and appropriate lymph node dissection (D1+beta) could be a suitable treatment.
Arteries ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrectomy ; Hepatic Artery ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Stomach Neoplasms*

PURPOSE: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNA) and frozen section biopsy (FS) have been used for the purpose of distinguishing benign lesions from malignancies and for deciding the operative procedures to be used in the management of the thyroid nodules. We performed this study the diagnostic value of the FNA, the need for the FS in intraoperative procedures, and to determine their values in deciding the extent of surgery. METHODS: The medical records of 365 consecutive patients who had undergone surgery for thyroid nodules at the Department of Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital, between Jan. 1996 and Dec. 1998 were reviewed retrospectively. FNA and FS were performed on all patients who underwent thyroid surgery during this period. Among them, 35 patients who were diagnosed as insufficient for diagnosis by FNA were excluded. RESULTS: Definitive histopathological diagnosis revealed benign lesions in 232 patients and malignancies in 98. A borderline group consisted of patients whose specimen were interpreted as follicular neoplasms by FNA and FS. Overall results for FNA and FS were: sensitivity, 98 versus 100; specificity, 97 versus 99; diagnostic accuracy, 97 versus 99%. Five patients who were diagnosed with benign lesions by FNA were rediagnosed by FS as having malignant lesions. The tinal diagnosis was a papillary carcinoma. Of the 45 patients who were interpreted borderline by FNA, 7 patients had benign lesions, and 38 were borderline by FS. Finally, 34 patients were diagnosed as having benign lesions and 11 as having malignancies. CONCLUSION: FNA has a high diagnostic accuracy for differentiatve diagnosis in the thyroid nodules. FS may be unnecessary for patients whose FNA results indicate malignancy especially papillary carcinoma, so routine use of FS for patients who were diagnosed as having a papillary carcinoma by FNA may be omitted. If FNA results are borderline, FS may be helpful to confirm a follicular neoplasm. If FNA indicates benign, FS seems to be necessary to decide the extent of surgery.
Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle* ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Diagnosis ; Frozen Sections ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Nodule*

OBJECTIVE: This in vitro study was undertaken to evaluate the physical, chemical, and biological properties of commercially available metal orthodontic brackets in South Korea, because national standards for these products are lacking. METHODS: Four bracket brands were tested for dimensional accuracy, (manufacturing errors in angulation and torque), cytotoxicity, composition, elution, and corrosion: Archist (Daeseung Medical), Victory (3M Unitek), Kosaka (Tomy), and Confidence (Shinye Odontology Materials). RESULTS: The tested rackets showed no significant differences in manufacturing errors in angulation, but Confidence brackets showed a significant difference in manufacturing errors in torque. None of the brackets were cytotoxic to mouse fibroblasts. The metal ion components did not show a regular increasing or decreasing trend of elution over time, but the volume of the total eluted metal ions increased: Archist brackets had the maximal Cr elution and Confidence brackets appeared to have the largest volume of total eluted metal ions because of excessive Ni elution. Confidence brackets showed the lowest corrosion resistance during potentiodynamic polarization. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study could potentially be applied in establishing national standards for metal orthodontic brackets and in evaluating commercially available products.
Animals ; Corrosion ; Fibroblasts ; Ions ; Mice ; Orthodontic Brackets ; Republic of Korea ; Torque