No abstract available.
Chylothorax*

No abstract available.
Teratoma*

No abstract available.
Thioacetamide*

No abstract available.
Coronary Artery Bypass* ; Coronary Vessels*

Fetal hydrops is often serious and associated with a high perinatal motality rate. Cardiac causes of fetal hydrops include congenital heart diseases and rhythm disturbances. An irregular fetal heart rate may indicate atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter with variable AV conduction. Fetal atrial flutter is characterized by the pressence of flutter waves which are regular sawtooth undulations in the baseline that are larger than p waves. Authors experienced a case of fetal atrial flutter with hydrops fetalis at 30 week's gestation which was confirmed by fetal M-mode echocardiogram and electrocardiography. A new born infant had shown to have atrial flutter in utero and after delivery was successfully converted to normal sinus rhythm with digoxin and quinidene.
Atrial Fibrillation ; Atrial Flutter* ; Digoxin ; Edema* ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart Diseases ; Heart Rate, Fetal ; Humans ; Hydrops Fetalis* ; Infant ; Pregnancy

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a facial muscle exercise program including facial massage on the facial muscle function, subjective symptoms related to paralysis and depression in patients with facial palsy. METHODS: This study was a quasi-experimental research with a non-equivalent control group non-synchronized design. Participants were 70 patients with facial palsy (experimental group 35, control group 35). For the experimental group, the facial muscular exercise program including facial massage was performed 20 minutes a day, 3 times a week for two weeks. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, χ²-test, Fisher's exact test and independent sample t-test with the SPSS 18.0 program. RESULTS: Facial muscular function of the experimental group improved significantly compared to the control group. There was no significant difference in symptoms related to paralysis between the experimental group and control group. The level of depression in the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group. CONCLUSION: Results suggest that a facial muscle exercise program including facial massage is an effective nursing intervention to improve facial muscle function and decrease depression in patients with facial palsy.
Depression ; Facial Muscles* ; Facial Paralysis* ; Humans ; Massage* ; Nursing ; Paralysis

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter-1 (NKCC1) is a member of the cation-coupled chloride transporter that participates in salt transport and cell volume regulation in diverse tissues. NKCC1 deficient mice exhibit deafness, and have structural alterations in the cochlea. In addition to hearing loss, NKCC1-deficient mice show a shaker-waltzer behavior, which suggests a vestibular system defect. This study investigated the morphology of the vestibular system of NKCC1-deficient mice. In addition, this study evaluated whether NKCC1 mRNA and its protein are expressed in human vestibular end organs. MATERIALS AND METHOD: NKCC1-deficient and wild type mice aged 4~5 weeks were sacrificed. Their heads were cut in the midsagittal plane, fixed and decalcified. For light microscopy, 5 m sections were cut, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Human vestibular end organs were harvested during acoustic tumor surgery via translabyrinthine approach. Some of these end organs were used for the total mRNA extraction and the remainder was used for immunostaining. RT-PCR was performed for NKCC1. RESULTS: The scala media of the cochlear of the NKCC1-deficient mice were collapsed but the bony labyrinth of the cochlea appeared unaffected. However, the semicircular canals (SCCs) were much smaller than those in the wild type. Furthermore, the SCCs were completely missing in some NKCC1-deficient mice. NKCC1 mRNA was expressed in both human macula and crista ampullaris and its protein was expressed mainly in the transitional and dark cell area of the human crista ampullaris. CONCLUSION: NKCC1 may be essential for maintaining the vestibular morphology and its function in mice and NKCC1 is well expressed in human vestibular end organs.
Animals ; Cell Size ; Cochlea ; Cochlear Duct ; Deafness ; Ear, Inner ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Head ; Hearing Loss ; Hematoxylin ; Humans ; Ion Transport ; Mice* ; Mice, Knockout ; Microscopy ; Neuroma, Acoustic ; RNA, Messenger ; Semicircular Canals ; Semicircular Ducts

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter-1 (NKCC1) is a member of the cation-coupled chloride transporter that participates in salt transport and cell volume regulation in diverse tissues. NKCC1 deficient mice exhibit deafness, and have structural alterations in the cochlea. In addition to hearing loss, NKCC1-deficient mice show a shaker-waltzer behavior, which suggests a vestibular system defect. This study investigated the morphology of the vestibular system of NKCC1-deficient mice. In addition, this study evaluated whether NKCC1 mRNA and its protein are expressed in human vestibular end organs. MATERIALS AND METHOD: NKCC1-deficient and wild type mice aged 4~5 weeks were sacrificed. Their heads were cut in the midsagittal plane, fixed and decalcified. For light microscopy, 5 m sections were cut, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Human vestibular end organs were harvested during acoustic tumor surgery via translabyrinthine approach. Some of these end organs were used for the total mRNA extraction and the remainder was used for immunostaining. RT-PCR was performed for NKCC1. RESULTS: The scala media of the cochlear of the NKCC1-deficient mice were collapsed but the bony labyrinth of the cochlea appeared unaffected. However, the semicircular canals (SCCs) were much smaller than those in the wild type. Furthermore, the SCCs were completely missing in some NKCC1-deficient mice. NKCC1 mRNA was expressed in both human macula and crista ampullaris and its protein was expressed mainly in the transitional and dark cell area of the human crista ampullaris. CONCLUSION: NKCC1 may be essential for maintaining the vestibular morphology and its function in mice and NKCC1 is well expressed in human vestibular end organs.
Animals ; Cell Size ; Cochlea ; Cochlear Duct ; Deafness ; Ear, Inner ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Head ; Hearing Loss ; Hematoxylin ; Humans ; Ion Transport ; Mice* ; Mice, Knockout ; Microscopy ; Neuroma, Acoustic ; RNA, Messenger ; Semicircular Canals ; Semicircular Ducts

Small follicular cysts are common findings in the ovaries of prepubertal girls, and in most cases, they are of no clinical importance. Ocassionally these cysts may enlarge and continue to produce estrogen, resulting in signs of precocious sexual development and vaginal bleeding. We have experienced a case of a precocious pseudopuberty causing ovarian follicular cyst which was treated by exploratory laparotomy. we present this case with a brief review of literatures
Estrogens ; Female ; Follicular Cyst* ; Humans ; Laparotomy ; Ovary ; Sexual Development ; Uterine Hemorrhage

Primary amenorrhea due to intrasella arachnoid cyst is a very rare disease and require careful and frequent evaluation because may produce intracranial hemorrhage, elevated intracranial pressure and rapid expansion. Surgical intervention is needed only when visual disturbance, hypopituitarism or enlarging lesion is shown. Thus, we present a case of primary amenorrhea due to intrasella arachnoid cyst which was resected through the transsphenoidal approach.
Amenorrhea ; Arachnoid* ; Female ; Hypogonadism* ; Hypopituitarism ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Intracranial Hypertension ; Rare Diseases