Subfalcial herniation secondary to a unilateral supratentorial space occupying lesion is frequently seen on the brain CT scan, however, the development of distal anterior cerebral artery infarction following compression of the terminal branches of the pericallosal artery against the falx during the period of subfalcial herniation is uncommon. For the last three years, we have experienced three cases of distal anterior cerebral artery infarction caused by subfalcial herniation on the brain CT scan. All patitnts had acute subdural hematomas resulting in subfalcial herniation on the first CT scan and subsequently developed focal infarctions in the ipsilateral paracentral lobule. The patients did not improve clinically and died several days after operation. The development of such infarction may reflect severe cerebral injury and portend a poor clinical outcome.
Anterior Cerebral Artery* ; Arteries ; Brain ; Hematoma, Subdural, Acute ; Humans ; Infarction* ; Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Allergic contact dermatitis from aroma oils has long been recognized and with increasing frequency. Contact dermatitis of the allergic type of fragrances used for aromatherapy has been reported rarely, and only in patients exposed due to their occupation. We report herein a case of allergic contact dermatitis to aroma oils in an aroma therapist. A 25-year-old woman, an aroma therapist, had been treated with topical steroids under the impression of contact dermatitis. She had had pruritic erythematous maculopapules on the arms extending to the hands for the previous 6 months. Patch tests showed strong reactions to aroma oils(3% fennel and 3% juniper). The skin lesions were cleared after she stopped her job. However, re-exposure to aroma oils caused eczematous lesions repeatedly at the sites previously involved. We predict that increasing popularity of aromatherapy will lead to increasing number of patients developing allergic contact dermatitis from aroma oils. This has to be taken into consideration when testing patients with suspected contact dermatitis.
Adult ; Arm ; Aromatherapy ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact* ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Female ; Foeniculum ; Hand ; Humans ; Oils ; Patch Tests ; Skin ; Steroids

PURPOSE AND BACKGROUND: Recently several clinical studies suggested that maternal treatment with magnesium sulfate had protective effects against cerebral palsy in premature infants. But previous studies with differing perinatal animal models resulted in inconclusive results with regard to magnesium neuroprotection. Our purpose was to study the neuroprotective effect of magnesium sulfate and optimal dosage on hypoxicischemic brain damage in the newborn rat. METHOD: Seven-day-old rats(n=68) underwent right carotid ligation, followed by 3 hours of hypoxia(8% oxygen in 92% nitrogen). Rats received magnesium sulfate immediately before and again after hypoxia(two doses, 150mg-600mg/kg/dose, n=39), or saline solution(n=29). Severity of injury was assessed 5 days later, by visual evaluation of ipsilateral hemisphere infarction and by measurement of bilateral hemispheric cross sectional areas. RESULTS: Magnesium sulfate pre-treatment reduced the incidence of liquefactive cerebral infarction and atrophy from 80.8% in controls to 22.2% with magnesium sulfate(450 mg/kg/dose, P<0.05). Quantitation of hemispheric areas confirmed these findings. Percent protection based on inter-hemisphere area differences by pre-treatment with magnesium sulfate 450mg/kg/dose ranged from 71.1%(hippocampus) to 90.8%(striatum). However higher dose of magnesium(600mg/kg/dose) did not attenuate hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in the newborn rat but increased mortality. CONCLUSION: Pretreatment of magnesium sulfate has neuroprotective effects against hypoxia-ischemia in the newborn rat and adequate dose of magnesium sufate is important to protect the brain. Magnesium pretreatment may be an effective strategy to decrease the severity of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in the adequate dose.
Animals ; Atrophy ; Brain ; Brain Injuries ; Cerebral Infarction ; Cerebral Palsy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn* ; Infant, Premature ; Infarction ; Ligation ; Magnesium Sulfate* ; Magnesium* ; Models, Animal ; Mortality ; Neuroprotective Agents* ; Oxygen ; Rats*

Fractures of the metacarpal and phalanx of the hand are common occurances and bony union usually occurs without difficulties. If complication of the metacarpal and phalangeal fracture of the hand occurred, it causes significant functional deficit. The authors have reviewed 92 patients, 121 cases of metacarpal and palangeal fracture of the crushed hand which were treated with internal fixation with/without open reduction in the deparment of orthopaedic surgery in Holy Family Hospital from Jan. 1985 to Dec. 1989. The authors obtained the following results ; 1. The incidence of nonunion and delayed union was 12.4% (15/121 cases). 2. The criteriae of nonunion and delayed union are progressive angulation at fracture site after removal of implant, lack of bony union evidence in the radiography more than 12 weeks after injury, tenderness and pain on motion at fracture site and gross pseudomotion. 3. Nonunion and delayed union occurred more commonly in phalangeal fractures, shaft fractures, severely traumatized fractures (open fractures, marked displaced fractures, comminuted fractures and fractures had associated injuries in the same hand) and under-reduced fractures after internal fixation. 4. Mean TAM (total active motion) range at last follow up was 94.5°in thumb and 186.6°in finger and that of nonunion and delayed union cases was 89°in thumb and 153.5°in finger.
Fingers ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fractures, Comminuted ; Hand ; Humans ; Incidence ; Radiography ; Thumb

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia(ALHE) is a benign angiomatous neoplasm which usually arises from skin, blood vessel, soft tissue, heart and rarely from bone. The authors experienced a case of ALHE which involved the distal femur of 35-years old male and treated by marginal excision and autogenous cancellous bone graft with plate fixation.
Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia ; Blood Vessels ; Femur ; Heart ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Male ; Skin ; Transplants

PURPOSE: To evaluate the accuracy of postoperative refractive outcomes of combined phacovitrectomy for epiretinal membrane (ERM) in comparison to cataract surgery alone. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-nine eyes that underwent combined phacovitrectomy with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation for cataract and ERM (combined surgery group) and 39 eyes that received phacoemulsification for cataract (control group) were analyzed, retrospectively. The predicted preoperative refractive aim was compared with the results of postoperative refraction. RESULTS: In the combined surgery group, refractive prediction error by A-scan and IOLMaster were -0.305+/-0.717 diopters (D) and -0.356+/-0.639 D, respectively, compared to 0.215+/-0.541 and 0.077+/-0.529 in the control group, showing significantly more myopic change compared to the control group (p=0.001 and p=0.002, respectively). Within each group, there was no statistically significant difference in refractive prediction error between A-scan and IOLMaster (all p>0.05). IOL power calculation using adjusted A-scan measurement of axial length based on the macular thickness of the normal contralateral eye still resulted in significant postoperative refractive error (all p<0.05). Postoperative refraction calculated with adjusted axial length based on actual postoperative central foveal thickness change showed the closest value to the actual postoperative achieved refraction (p=0.599). CONCLUSION: Combined phacovitrectomy for ERM resulted in significantly more myopic shift of postoperative refraction, compared to the cataract surgery alone, for both A-scan and IOLMaster. To improve the accuracy of IOL power estimation in eyes with cataract and ERM, sequential surgery for ERM and cataract may need to be considered.
Aged ; Biometry/methods ; Case-Control Studies ; Cataract Extraction ; Epiretinal Membrane/*surgery ; Eye ; Female ; Humans ; *Lens Implantation, Intraocular ; *Lenses, Intraocular ; Male ; Optics and Photonics ; Phacoemulsification/*methods ; Postoperative Period ; Refraction, Ocular/physiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Vision Tests ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy/*methods

No abstract available.
Aneurysm ; Aneurysm, Ruptured* ; Cerebral Veins* ; Veins*

Malignant mesothelioma and lung cancer are representative examples of occupational cancer. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death, and the incidence of malignant mesothelioma is expected to increase sharply in the near future. Although information about lung carcinogen exposure is limited, it is estimated that the number of workers exposed to carcinogens has declined. The first official case of occupational cancer was malignant mesothelioma caused by asbestos exposure in the asbestos textile industry in 1992. Since then, compensation for occupational respiratory cancer has increased. The majority of compensated lung cancer was due to underlying pneumoconiosis. Other main causative agents of occupational lung cancer included asbestos, hexavalent chromium, and crystalline silica. Related jobs included welders, foundry workers, platers, plumbers, and vehicle maintenance workers. Compensated malignant mesotheliomas were associated with asbestos exposure. Epidemiologic studies conducted in Korea have indicated an elevated risk of lung cancer in pneumoconiosis patients, foundry workers, and asbestos textile workers. Occupational respiratory cancer has increased during the last 10 to 20 yr though carcinogen-exposed population has declined in the same period. More efforts to advance the systems for the investigation, prevention and management of occupational respiratory cancer are needed.
Asbestos/toxicity ; Carcinogens/toxicity ; Chromium/toxicity ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/chemically induced/*epidemiology/*etiology ; Male ; Mesothelioma/epidemiology/*etiology ; Occupational Diseases/chemically induced/*epidemiology/etiology ; Occupational Exposure/*adverse effects ; Pneumoconiosis/complications ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Silicon Dioxide/toxicity ; Workers' Compensation

In recent years, the Korean Medical Association has undertaken the feat of establishing the Korean Standard Terminology of Medical Procedures with the dedicated help of 32 medical academic societies. However, because the project is being conducted by several different circles, it has yet to see a clear system of classification. This thesis, therefore, proposes the three principles of scientific properties, usefulness and ideology as the basis for classification system and has developed the Classification System of Medical Procedures in Korea upon their foundation. The methodology and organization of this thesis as follows. First, by adopting scientific classification system of Feinstein(1988), an analysis of the classification systems of the medical procedures in the United States, Japan, Taiwan, Who Was carried out to reveal the framework and the basic principles in each system. Second, the direction of classification system has been constructed by applying the normative principle of medical field in order to show the future direction of the medical field and realize its ideology. Third, a finalized framework for the classification system will be presented as based on the direction of classification system. Of the three basis principles mentioned above, the analysis on the principles of usefulness was left out of this thesis due to the difficulty of establishing specific standards of analysis. The results of the study are as follows. The overall structure of the thesis is aimed at showing the 'Prevention-Therapy-Rehabilitation' quality of comprehensive health care and consists of six chapters; I. Prevention and Health Promotion. II. Evaluation and Management . III. Diagnostic Procedures. IV. Endoscopy. V. Therapeutic Procedures. VI. Rehabilitation. Chapter three Diagnostic Procedures is divided into four parts; Functional Diagnosis, Visual Diagnosis, Pathological Diagnosis, Biopsy and Sampling. Chapter five Therapeutic Procedures is divided into Psychiatry, Non-Invasive Therapy, Invasive Therapy, Anaesthesia and Radiation Oncology. Of these sub-divisions, Functional Diagnosis, Biopsy and Sampling, Endoscopy and Invasive Therapy employs the anatomical system of classification. On the other hand, Visual Diagnosis, Pathological Diagnosis, Anesthesia and Diagnostic Radiology, namely those divisions in which there is little or no overlapping in services with other divisions, used the classification system of its own division. The classification system introduced in this thesis can be further supplemented through the use of the cluster analysis by incorporating the advice and assistance of other specialists.
Anesthesia ; Biopsy ; Classification* ; Comprehensive Health Care ; Diagnosis ; Endoscopy ; Hand ; Health Promotion ; Japan ; Korea* ; Radiation Oncology ; Rehabilitation ; Specialization ; Taiwan ; United States

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data in child health education or counselling through content analysis related to child health in newspaper articles. Data were collected 8 daily newspaper by selecting health articles from neonate to adolescent period during 1 year from January 1 to December 31 in 1998. The data were analyzed in the framework of content analysis method and the reliability degree was 98% by the method of Holsti. The results of this study are as follows. 1. The frequency according to health category, disease treatment(46.7%) topped followed by health maintenance . promotion(28.0%), disease prevention(14.7%), growth? development(10.6%). 2. The frequency according to season, summer(36. 4%) rank first. 3. The frequency according to WHO international disease classification, infectious disease(29.6%) take most. 4. According to child developmental age, similar frequency showed from infant to adolescent except neonate. 5. 201 themes, 43 category, 4 health categories were confirmed in the content analysis. 6. Health maintence . promotion occupy 28.0% of health category include 14 categories. 7. Growth . development include 6 category occupying 10.6% of the whole health category. 8. Disease prevention occupy 14.7%0 of health category and contain 6 categories. 9. Disease treatment take top of health category by the rate of 46.7% and contain 17 categories.
Adolescent ; Child ; Child Development ; Child Health* ; Child* ; Classification ; Education ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Newspapers* ; Seasons ; Periodicals