No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Infant* ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial*

PURPOSE: To determine clinical outcomes of mini Monoka silicone monocanalicular lacrimal stent (from now, mini Monoka stent) in canalicular injury. METHODS: From June 1996 to December 2001, mini Monoka stent was used in 70 eyes(77 canaliculi) of superior, inferior and bicanalicular injury. Mini Monoka stent was shortened about 20 mm with round tip and intubated. Punctal fixation suture was not done. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period was 7.9+/-1.0 months (4-12 months). The outcome of our repair was judged by the existence of epiphora, dye disappearance test, probing and irrigation. In 57 eyes (81.4%), there was no epiphora. In 11 eyes (15.7%), epiphora was developed only after certain stimuli. In 2 eyes (2.9%), there was epiphora at all times. Postoperative complications were premature stent loss 6 eyes (8.6%), conjunctival injection 3 eyes (3.9%). CONCLUSIONS: The intubation of mini Monoka stent for the lacerated canaliculus is the simply operative procedure in the outpatient department. The shortening of mini Monoka stent made this procedure easier. Despite no punctal fixation suture, the occurrence rate of the premature stent loss was not higher than that for published reports of mini Monoka stent.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intubation ; Lacerations* ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases ; Outpatients ; Postoperative Complications ; Silicones* ; Stents* ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Sutures

Endotracheal intubation has many advantage such as airway protection, maintenance of patent airway, pulmonary toilet, application of positive pressure ventilation, and maintenance of adequate oxygenation. But risks that develop complications related to endotracheal tube always present, when we insert a tube into the trachea. We have experienced an armored tube obstruction with bulged inner wall after EO gas sterilization. So, it is important that we have to pretest a tube and check pateney of the inside of a tube, before endotracheal intubation.
Airway Obstruction* ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Oxygen ; Positive-Pressure Respiration ; Sterilization ; Trachea

Scimitar syndrome (SS) is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by hypoplasia of the right lung and partially anomalous pulmonary venous drainage to the inferior vena cava. The term scimitar derives from the shadow created by the anomalous pulmonary vein on chest X-ray that closely resembles that of a curved Turkish sword. It rarely presents as an isolated abnormality. Various cardiac and non-cardiac anomalies have been association with SS, such as right lung hypoplasia, dextroposition of the heart, hypoplasia of the right pulmonary artery, systemic arterial blood supply to the right lower lung from the infra-diaphragmatic aorta, and a secundum type of atrial septal defect. However, an imperforate anus has not been reported previously in association with SS. We describe the first case of infantile scimitar syndrome accompanied with an imperforate anus in a newborn who presented with tachypnea and right pulmonary atelectasis.
Anus, Imperforate ; Aorta ; Drainage ; Heart ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Lung ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Pulmonary Veins ; Scimitar Syndrome ; Tachypnea ; Thorax ; Vena Cava, Inferior

MicroRNA polymorphisms may be associated with carcinogenesis or immunopathogenesis of infection. We evaluated whether the mircoRNA-604 (miR-604) polymorphism can affect the persistence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and the development to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic HBV infection. A total of 1,439 subjects, who have either past or present HBV infection, were enrolled and divided into four groups (spontaneous recovery, chronic HBV carrier without cirrhosis, liver cirrhosis and HCC). We genotyped the precursor miR-604 genome region polymorphism. The CC genotype of miR-604 rs2368392 was most frequently observed and T allele frequency was 0.326 in all study subjects. The HBV persistence after infection was higher in those subjects with miR-604 T allele (P=0.05 in a co-dominant and dominant model), which implied that the patients with miR-604 T allele may have a higher risk for HBV chronicity. In contrast, there was a higher rate of the miR-604 T allele in the chronic carrier without HCC patients, compared to those of the HCC patients (P=0.03 in a co-dominant model, P=0.02 in a recessive model). The T allele at miR-604 rs2368392 may be a risk allele for the chronicity of HBV infection, but may be a protective allele for the progression to HCC in chronic HBV carriers.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Base Sequence ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/etiology/*genetics/pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Demography ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Hepatitis B Antibodies/blood ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/blood ; Hepatitis B e Antigens/blood ; Hepatitis B virus/metabolism ; Hepatitis B, Chronic/complications/*genetics/virology ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/etiology/*genetics/pathology ; Male ; MicroRNAs/*genetics/metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Risk Factors

Congenital complete atrioventicular block is uncommon which has a heterogenous etiology. According to recent studies, about one-third of the mothers of the patients who were diagnosed as congenital complete atrioventricular block, had symptoms or signs of connective tissue disease. Even though the outlook is usually regarded as favorable, the mortality is highest in the neonatal period, much lower during childhood and adolescence and increases slowly later in life. In the neonatal period the predominant indication for pacing was heart failure. It is difficult to make a prognosis in the individual patient. A slow, fixed or decreasing venticular rate neonatally and a prolonged QT interval seem to be bad prognostic sign. We report a case of congenital complete atrioventricular block who was diagnosed by fetal echocardiography. Her mother was asymptomatic, but had positive serologic test to anti-Ro antibody and anti-La antibody. We report a case of congenital complete atrioventricular block with a brief review of related literatures.
Adolescent ; Atrioventricular Block* ; Connective Tissue Diseases ; Echocardiography* ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Mortality ; Mothers ; Prognosis ; Serologic Tests

PURPOSE: This study was designed to investigate the role of NO in cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity of rats, especially in association with expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) and the effects of iNOS inhibitor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male, Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 170-190gm were used. Nephrotoxicity was induced by single intraperitoneal administration of cisplatin(10mg/kg). Aminoguanidine sulfate (300mg/kg), a relatively specific iNOS inhibitor, was administrated 30 minutes prior to cisplatin administration. Individual kidneys were obtained from control, cisplatin single treated and cisplatin combined with aminoguanidine treated rats at 6, 12, 24, 48, 72hours and 7days after cisplatin administration. Serum BUN/creatinine(mg/dl), the unit weight of rat kidney (kidney wet weight/body weight) were estimated. HE stain was performed for histologic evaluation of nephrotoxicity. The expressions of iNOS were assessed by Western blotting and RT-PCR. RESULTS: Serum BUN/creatinine levels in aminoguanidine treated groups were suppressed its increment significantly at 12, 24 and 48 hours compared with cisplatin single treated groups (p<0.05). The unit weight of kidneys in aminoguanidine treated groups were decreased significantly at 24 and 48hours compared with cisplatin single treated groups (p<0.05). Western blotting represents intense iNOS protein bands (117KDa) at 24,48 and 72hours in cisplatin single treated groups. RT-PCR assay for iNOS mRNA (429bp) were weakly expressed in control groups and intense expressions were identified cisplatin single treated and cisplatin combined with aminoguanidine treated groups at 6, 12, 24 and 72hours. CONCLUSIONS: From these results, it is suggested that cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity may be partly mediated by NO. Aminoguanidine may delay or suppress the cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity of rat kidney.
Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Cisplatin* ; Humans ; Kidney ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; RNA, Messenger

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the psychiatric status of HIV-infected/AIDS inpatients in a general hospital over the past 2.5 years. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted of psychiatric consultations performed between January 1, 2011, and July 30, 2013. The records of 97 HIV-infected/AIDS patients were analyzed. These included a total of 282 psychiatric consultations. RESULTS: Of the 97 patients, 91(93.8%) were male, the mean age was 48 years, and mean number of consultations was 2.8. Depressed mood was reported in 102 consultations(23.8%), insomnia in 60(14.0%), and anxiety in 31(7.2%). Psychiatric disorders diagnosed on initial consultation included depressive disorder(37 patients ; 37.0%), cognitive disorder(11 ; 11.0%), and delirium(9 ; 9.0%). Recommended psychotropic medication included Lorazepam(99 ; 17.2%), Escitalopram(90 ; 15.7%), and Quetiapine(84 ; 14.6%). CONCLUSIONS: The main complaints of HIV-infected/AIDS patients were depressed mood, insomnia, and suicidal ideation(including suicide attempts). In total, 85(93.3%) patients of those consulted were diagnosed as meeting the criteria for a psychiatric condition. However, considering that only 16.9% of patients consulted received follow-up treatment, longitudinal research is needed to examine the influence of psychiatric disorders on the transmission of HIV-infection/AIDS, as well as on prognosis and treatment adherence.
Anxiety ; Follow-Up Studies ; HIV ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Male ; Prognosis ; Referral and Consultation ; Retrospective Studies ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Suicide

The author has studied 33 cases of Korean embryos of Carnegie stage 11 ~23 and 18 cases of fetuses to demonstrate the development of the hip joint. The external feature of the lower extremity was observed by stereoscope and digital camera, and the internal structures were studied by light microscopic observation. The results obtained were as follows: In stage 13 lowerlimb buds were appeared. In stage 17 mesenchymal condensation for femur and hip bone, and one -layered interzone were observed. In stage 18 cartilage models for ilium and ischium were visible. In stage 22 three -layered interzone between the head of femur and hip bone was formed. In stage 23 acetabular labrum and distinct three -layered interzone was visible. In the 9th weeks mesenchymal ligamentum capitis femoris and transverse acetabular ligament are appeared, and acetabular labrum was reacted tracely to trichrome stain. In the 10th week the joint space was formed between the femoral head and hip bone, and shallow depression in acetabulum is found. In the 12th week the articular capsule was directed lateral to acetabular labrum, and numerous blood vessels were found in acetabular fossa and ligamentum capitis femoris, and cartilage canal were developed in femoral neck. In the 14th week cartilage canal was found in middle of femoral head, and synovial fold were developed, and ligamentum capitis femoris was shown strongly positive reaction. In the 16th week cartilage canals were more found, and numerous blood vessels were observed in fovea capitis. In the 18nd week the neck of femur was narrow, and femoral head was lied deeply in acetabulum with acetabular labrum. Consequently the lower extremity of Korean embryos and fetuses was first appeared in stage 13, and hip joint development was started at stage 17. The articular cavity was first formed at the 9th week of development, the acetabulum labrum was developed at stage 23. The mesenchymal ligamentum capitis femoris was appeared at the 9th week. At the same time the transverse acetabular ligament fully encircled the femoral head. The articular capsule has lined the articular cavity at the 12th week, and synovium was formed at the 14th week of development. At the 18th week the hip joint has attained its final shape.
Acetabulum ; Blood Vessels ; Cartilage ; Depression ; Embryonic Structures* ; Femur ; Femur Neck ; Fetus* ; Head ; Hip Joint* ; Hip* ; Humans* ; Ilium ; Ischium ; Joint Capsule ; Joints ; Ligaments ; Lower Extremity ; Neck ; Synovial Membrane