No abstract available.
Humans

Upper gastrointestinal (GI) stents are increasingly being used to manage upper GI obstructions. Initially developed for palliative treatment of esophageal cancer, upper GI stents now play an emerging role in benign strictures of the upper GI tract. Because recurrent obstruction and stent-related complications are common, new modifications of stents have been implemented. Self-expandable metal stents (SEMS) have replaced older plastic stents. In addition, newly designed SEMS have been developed to prevent complications. This review provides an overview of the various types, indications, methods, complications, and clinical outcomes of upper GI stents in a number of malignant and benign disorders dividing the esophagus and gastroduodenum.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; Esophagus ; Palliative Care ; Plastics ; Stents* ; Upper Gastrointestinal Tract

Upper gastrointestinal (GI) stents are increasingly being used to manage upper GI obstructions. Initially developed for palliative treatment of esophageal cancer, upper GI stents now play an emerging role in benign strictures of the upper GI tract. Because recurrent obstruction and stent-related complications are common, new modifications of stents have been implemented. Self-expandable metal stents (SEMS) have replaced older plastic stents. In addition, newly designed SEMS have been developed to prevent complications. This review provides an overview of the various types, indications, methods, complications, and clinical outcomes of upper GI stents in a number of malignant and benign disorders dividing the esophagus and gastroduodenum.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; Esophagus ; Palliative Care ; Plastics ; Stents* ; Upper Gastrointestinal Tract

No abstract available.
Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms

No abstract available.

We report a case of primary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma in the esophagus that manifested as a large submucosal tumor (SMT). Primary esophageal lymphoma is very rare, occurring in less than 1% of all patients with gastrointestinal lymphoma. Only a few cases of MALT lymphoma in the esophagus have been reported in the English literature. A 53-year-old man was referred to Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital (Goyang, Korea) in July 2012 for further evaluation and treatment of an esophageal SMT. Endoscopy showed a cylindrically elongated submucosal mass with normal overlying mucosa in the mid esophagus, 25-30 cm from the incisor teeth. He underwent surgery to confirm the diagnosis. Pathologic findings showed diffuse small atypical lymphoid cells which were stained with Bcl-2, CD20, but not with CD3, CD5, CD23, Bcl-6, or cyclin D1. These cells showed a positive monoclonal band for immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangement. Based on the pathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular biological features, the esophageal mass was diagnosed as extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the MALT type.
Antigens, CD20/metabolism ; Bone Marrow/pathology ; Esophageal Neoplasms/*diagnosis/pathology/surgery ; Gastroscopy ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/*diagnosis/pathology/surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mucous Membrane/pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Adult ; Colon, Transverse/radiography ; Colonoscopy ; Fibrosis/pathology ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa/pathology/*surgery ; Male ; Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/*diagnosis/surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing among young adults in several countries including the United States. Early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) is heterogenous group and appears to have a distinct clinical, pathologic, and molecular presentation compared to CRC diagnosed in older patients. EO-CRC patients tend to be diagnosed at later stage and with symptomatic disease. Tumors arise predominantly in the distal colon and rectum and have poorer histological features. Microsatellite and chromosome stable molecular pathway is frequently observed in EO-CRC. Survival data of EO-CRC is conflicting and younger patients tend to be treated more aggressively. It is important to identify high risk and have them screened appropriately to address increasing EO-CRC. Screening and treatment strategies for EO-CRC should be developed through further investigation of molecular mechanism and various environmental risk factors. In Korea, EO-CRC and late-onset CRC have both declined in recent several years, probably due to many screening colonoscopies in young population. Close observation and analysis of EO-CRC in Korea is necessary.
Colon ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Rectum ; Risk Factors ; United States ; Young Adult

The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing among young adults in several countries including the United States. Early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) is heterogenous group and appears to have a distinct clinical, pathologic, and molecular presentation compared to CRC diagnosed in older patients. EO-CRC patients tend to be diagnosed at later stage and with symptomatic disease. Tumors arise predominantly in the distal colon and rectum and have poorer histological features. Microsatellite and chromosome stable molecular pathway is frequently observed in EO-CRC. Survival data of EO-CRC is conflicting and younger patients tend to be treated more aggressively. It is important to identify high risk and have them screened appropriately to address increasing EO-CRC. Screening and treatment strategies for EO-CRC should be developed through further investigation of molecular mechanism and various environmental risk factors. In Korea, EO-CRC and late-onset CRC have both declined in recent several years, probably due to many screening colonoscopies in young population. Close observation and analysis of EO-CRC in Korea is necessary.
Colon ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Rectum ; Risk Factors ; United States ; Young Adult