Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review studies investigating the effect of bereavement care provided for parents in the neonatal intensive care unit. Methods: We conducted a literature review of databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL) for studies published in English and four databases (RISS, KISS, NANET, and KoreaMed) for Korean studies. The selection criteria included original articles that evaluated the parents’ perceptions or responses to bereavement care provided in the neonatal intensive care unit. Of 889 articles from the initial screening, 66 articles underwent full-text review and five articles were finally selected for analysis. Results: None of the studies was conducted in Korea. Only one study used a randomized control trial design. The forms of bereavement care reviewed included a provision of a memory package, grief information, and emotional and/or social support from peers or health care providers. The effectiveness of bereavement care was measured by including grief, social support, and depression. Conclusion Bereavement care can be considered to be beneficial for relieving grief reactions and enhancing the personal growth of bereaved parents. Future research should assess the needs of bereaved parents in Korea. Nurses may play a role in developing the bereavement care for parents.

BACKGROUND: Time to first cigarette after waking is an indicator of nicotine dependence. We aimed to identify the association between time to first cigarette and spirometry-proven obstructive respiratory impairment, especially chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, in current smokers. METHODS: We included 392 subjects who visited the comprehensive medical examination center of Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital between July 2014 and September 2015. Subjects with lung disease or anemia were excluded. Obstructive pulmonary impairment was defined as < 70% of the predicted value of forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity. Subjects were classified into the early (≤30 minutes) and late (>30 minutes) groups based on the time to first cigarette. Logistic regression and linear regression analyses were used for data analysis. RESULTS: Ninety-eight subjects (25%) were classified into the early group. After adjusting for smoking behaviors (cigarettes per day and smoking duration), socioeconomic status (education and income), age, and physical activity, an early time to first cigarette was found to be associated with an increased risk of obstructive pulmonary impairment measured using spirometry (adjusted odds ratio, 2.84; 95% confidence interval, 1.22–6.61). CONCLUSION: Compared to current smokers with a late time to first cigarette, those with an early time to first cigarette had a higher risk of obstructive pulmonary impairment, especially chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Classifying smoking-related behaviors, especially time to first cigarette, may help target clinical screening for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Anemia ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Heart ; Linear Models ; Logistic Models ; Lung Diseases ; Mass Screening ; Motor Activity ; Odds Ratio ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive* ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Social Class ; Spirometry* ; Statistics as Topic ; Tobacco Products* ; Tobacco Use Disorder ; Vital Capacity

Anti-Ok(a) was detected in a 56-year-old female patient who was admitted for surgical treatment of degenerative scoliosis. Because Oka is a high-incidence antigen, anti-Ok(a) antibody is extremely rare. No case of hemolytic transfusion reaction or hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn caused by anti-Ok(a) antibody has been reported so far, however, it is likely that anti-Ok(a) is clinically significant based on several in vivo and in vitro studies. When a patient who is bearing anti-Ok(a) needs transfusion of RBCs, transfusion of autologous blood or Ok(a-) RBCs from family members is recommended.
Blood Group Incompatibility ; Female ; Fetus ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Korea ; Middle Aged ; Scoliosis ; Ursidae

DNA microarray and next-generation sequencing provide data that can be used for the genetic analysis of multiple quantitative traits such as gene expression levels, transcription factor binding profiles, and epigenetic signatures. In particular, chromatin opening is tightly coupled with gene transcription. To understand how these two processes are genetically regulated and associated with each other, we examined the changes of chromatin accessibility and gene expression in response to genetic variation by means of quantitative trait loci mapping. Regulatory patterns commonly observed in yeast and human across different technical platforms and experimental designs suggest a higher genetic complexity of transcription regulation in contrast to a more robust genetic architecture of chromatin regulation.
Chromatin* ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Epigenomics ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Quantitative Trait Loci ; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Research Design ; Transcription Factors ; Yeasts

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery disease is an important cause of death in adults and stent insertion is one of the treatment modalities. The most severe adverse effect of a stent insertion is the formation of a thrombus; therefore, antiplatelet agents are used. The addition of cilostazol to low-dose aspirin and clopidogrel results in a better antiplatelet effect. However, laboratory tests to monitor the effect of cilostazol are insufficient. METHODS: We tested the inhibitory effect of cilostazol using maximal platelet aggregation in 20 healthy volunteers. Conditions for incubation and concentrations of cilostazol and prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) were established and aggregation was induced by 5'-adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and measured with light transmission aggregometry (LTA). Blood samples were incubated with 1 µM and 2 µM cilostazol for 10 minutes at room temperature, and 80 nM PGE1 was added and incubated for an additional 10 minutes. Aggregation was induced by ADP and reactivity was evaluated. RESULTS: The average maximum aggregation (MA) was 58.1% at 1 µM cilostazol and 22.0% when PGE1 was added. The average MA was 42.8% when cilostazol concentration was increased to 2 µM and 21.2% when PGE1 was added. Average inhibition of aggregation at 1 µM cilostazol was not statistically significant (P=0.085), but was significant (P=0.004) at 2 µM cilostazol. Aggregation was not inhibited even with 2 µM cilostazol and PGE1 in 2 volunteers, which suggests possible resistance to cilostazol. CONCLUSIONS: We designed a method to monitor the effect of cilostazol using in vitro incubation with PGE1.
Adenosine Diphosphate ; Adult ; Alprostadil ; Aspirin ; Cause of Death ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Methods ; Platelet Aggregation ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; Stents ; Thrombosis ; Volunteers

No abstract available.
Base Sequence ; Benzamides/therapeutic use ; Bone Marrow/pathology ; Female ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/*genetics ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy/*genetics ; Middle Aged ; Philadelphia Chromosome ; Piperazines/therapeutic use ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Pyrimidines/therapeutic use ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Thiazoles/therapeutic use ; Translocation, Genetic

BACKGROUND: School age is a time when students form habits of healthy behavior that affect their lifetime health. However, most previous studies were conducted on hand washing and brushing teeth and no studies included bathing in personal hygiene. We aim to improve knowledge and performance about hand washing, brushing teeth, and bathing in school age children. The study was based on the health belief model and ways to establish proper personal hygiene habits. METHODS: A non-equivalent control group, pretest-posttest design was used in this study. The educational content included hand hygiene, oral hygiene and bath hygiene. After the pre and post evaluation of the control group, the experimental group received the education and pre and post evaluation over five weeks. Then, the education program was provided to the control group. This study was conducted over ten weeks from April to June 2017. RESULTS: Knowledge on personal hygiene habits (F=8.41, P=0.006) and performance of personal hygiene habits (F=29.09, P < 0.001) were higher in the experimental group compared to the control group after controlling the covariates. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study show obvious difference between the experimental group and control group on knowledge and performance for personal hygiene habits. This result demonstrated that the program based on the health belief model was effective. It is necessary to develop other effective programs including hand washing, brushing teeth, and bathing to help students develop good personal hygiene habits.
Baths ; Child ; Education ; Hand Disinfection ; Hand Hygiene ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Oral Hygiene ; Tooth

No abstract available.
Choroid ; Meningoencephalitis

Painful legs and moving toes syndrome (PLMT) is a rare syndrome characterized by pain in the lower extremities and involuntary movements of single or multiple toes. A 29-year-old woman with lumbosacral intervertebral disc herniation complained of bilateral foot pain and involuntary toe movements for three months. This is the first case of PLMT in a young adult patient with a lumbosacral intervertebral disc herniation in Korea.

BACKGROUND: School age is a time when students form habits of healthy behavior that affect their lifetime health. However, most previous studies were conducted on hand washing and brushing teeth and no studies included bathing in personal hygiene. We aim to improve knowledge and performance about hand washing, brushing teeth, and bathing in school age children. The study was based on the health belief model and ways to establish proper personal hygiene habits. METHODS: A non-equivalent control group, pretest-posttest design was used in this study. The educational content included hand hygiene, oral hygiene and bath hygiene. After the pre and post evaluation of the control group, the experimental group received the education and pre and post evaluation over five weeks. Then, the education program was provided to the control group. This study was conducted over ten weeks from April to June 2017. RESULTS: Knowledge on personal hygiene habits (F=8.41, P=0.006) and performance of personal hygiene habits (F=29.09, P < 0.001) were higher in the experimental group compared to the control group after controlling the covariates. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study show obvious difference between the experimental group and control group on knowledge and performance for personal hygiene habits. This result demonstrated that the program based on the health belief model was effective. It is necessary to develop other effective programs including hand washing, brushing teeth, and bathing to help students develop good personal hygiene habits.