The gastrointestinal lymphoma is a well known entity for bleeding or perforation during treatment, but spontaneous perforation is not common. We report the CT findings of an unusual case of small bowel lymphoma which presented with massive pneumoperitoneum following spontaneous perforation.
Hemorrhage ; Intestinal Neoplasms ; Lymphoma* ; Pneumoperitoneum*

PURPOSE: This study was to identify behaviors preventing the recurrence of breast cancer and the level of quality of life. METHODS: This descriptive study was conducted using a structured questionnaire from November 1, 2006 to December 25, 2006 . One hundred and twenty two women breast cancer survivors were recruited by convenience sampling. RESULTS: The most frequent behavior for preventing recurrence of the breast cancer was dietary treatment (90.9%) and exercise (86.8%) was the second behavior. In addition, most of them perceived these behaviors as 'very effective' (82.8%). The degree of the quality of life of a breast cancer survivor was 5.34 point indicating a 'medium level'. CONCLUSION: Breast cancer survivors pursued various behaviors for preventing recurrence of breast cancer. Therefore, the nursing interventions should be focused on a systematic educational approach considering healthy behaviors to prevent breast cancer recurrence for breast cancer survivors.
Adaptation, Psychological ; Adult ; Aged ; Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control/*psychology/therapy ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Demography ; Dietary Supplements ; Exercise Therapy ; Female ; *Health Behavior ; Humans ; Life Style ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/*prevention & control ; *Quality of Life ; Questionnaires ; Recurrence ; Survivors/*psychology

Retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF), although rare, can lead to significant intestinal obstruction. A case of RPF resulting in obstruction of the rectosigmoid colon is presented. Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) revealed a characteristic fibrotic mass impinging on the rectosigmoid colon.
Colon ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Retroperitoneal Fibrosis*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Many recent studies have shown excellent outcomes of surgical resection for ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In addition, there are several reports suggesting that a ruptured HCC did not increase the risk for peritoneal dissemination of a tumor after surgical resection. However, the impact of HCC rupture on recurrence and patient survival has not yet been clarified. METHODS: The medical data of patients who underwent surgical resection for ruptured HCC in our center between January 2011 and December 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. The outcomes of the patients were investigated. RESULTS: Among 128 patients who underwent surgical resection for HCC, 5 patients (3.9%) had a ruptured HCC. All patients underwent elective operation in a stable condition. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) was performed for achieving hemostasis in four patients except one who achieved spontaneous hemostasis. Two patients had tumor recurrence and one patient died due to HCC recurrence during the median follow-up duration of 28.3 months (range, 24.3–62.3 months). One patient who developed late intrahepatic recurrence at 40.0 months after resection was managed well by means of radiofrequency ablation and TACE and is now alive for 5 years without any evidence of viable tumor. However, the other patient who showed early peritoneal seeding at 1.9 months after resection finally died despite aggressive treatments. CONCLUSIONS: Rupture of HCC might result in peritoneal seeding of the tumor in the early postoperative stage, which could lead to a poor result. Nonetheless, surgical resection may be the best treatment option yielding good survival, even for a ruptured HCC.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Catheter Ablation ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemostasis ; Humans ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture

PURPOSE: To evaluate choroidal thickness in diabetes patients using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. METHODS: We examined 203 eyes of 203 diabetic participants and 48 eyes of 48 healthy controls. The choroidal thickness at the foveal lesion was measured by enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography. The participants were grouped according to diabetic retinopathy grade: no diabetic change, mild-to-moderate or severe non-proliferative, or proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The study parameters included history, age, axial length, intraocular pressure, central retinal thickness, fasting glucose, and blood pressure. RESULTS: The subfoveal choroidal thickness was thinner in eyes with non-proliferative or proliferative diabetic retinopathy than in normal eyes (p < 0.01). However, there was no difference between eyes with non-proliferative and proliferative diabetic retinopathy or between eyes with no diabetic change and the controls. Eyes exhibiting macular edema showed no significant difference in choroidal thickness compared with eyes having normal macular contours. CONCLUSIONS: The central choroid is thinner when eyes show diabetic changes on the retina. However, the presence of diabetic macular edema or proliferative change is not associated with more pronounced choroidal thinning.
Adult ; Aged ; Choroid/*pathology ; Diabetic Retinopathy/*diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reproducibility of Results ; Retrospective Studies ; Seveso Accidental Release ; Tomography, Optical Coherence/*methods

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to examine the periodontal health status of Korean adolescents and its relationship with oral health behaviors, as well as to use certain basic sources for improving the periodontal health of adolescents. METHODS: Data were obtained from the original data of the Korea National Oral Health Survey in 2010. The subjects included 12,351 adolescents aged 12 and 15 years. The questionnaire administered to each adolescent included 17 items on demographic variables, such as gender, regions, and oral health behaviors, and subjective perceptions, tooth brushing per period, and intake of cariogenic food. RESULTS: Examination of the periodontal status revealed that 43.1% of the adolescents had healthy periodontal tissue, 20.0% had gingival bleeding, and 36.9% had calculus formation. The adolescents who brushed their teeth before sleeping had significantly better periodontal health, and those who had never smoked had good periodontal health. In addition, those with a higher number of annual visits to the dentist had better periodontal health. Region, age, brushing teeth after breakfast and before sleep, flossing, subjective oral health perceptions, and annual visits to the dentists were significantly associated with the periodontal health status of adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: Oral health education must be included while planning oral health services for the improvement of periodontal health in order to change oral health behaviors among the adolescents.
Adolescent ; Aged ; Breakfast ; Calculi ; Dentists ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Korea ; Oral Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Smoke ; Tooth

No abstract available.
Child ; Femoral Fractures ; Humans

PURPOSE: To evaluate the value of helical CT in patients with endoscopically and pathologically proven early gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Helical CT scans(5-mm section thickness, 5-mm/sec table speed) were obtained in 45 patients with pathologically proven early gastric cancer. CT findings were retrospectively reviewed by two independent radiologists without surgical or pathologic information. Detection rate, depth of invasion, and lymph node staging were evaluated. RESULTS: The overall detection rate was 52% ; there was no significant difference in the rates between observer A(55%) and B(49%). The detection rate was higher in the anterior bodywall(100%) and antrum(63%) than in the posterior body wall(42%) and antrum(53%). The detection rate of the depressed type(63%) was higher than that of the elevated type(38%). Submucosal stripe was seen in 45% of mucosallesions and in 32% of submucosal lesions, though the stripe was not a reliable indicator for depth of invasion.Lymph node metastasis was detected in only one of eight patients. None was found to have distant metastasis. CONCLUSION: Helical CT is of little help in the evaluation of endoscopically evident early gastric cancer and the routine use of helical CT is not recommended in early gastric cancer.
Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Tomography, Spiral Computed*

Perforated appendicitis with an abscess formation is known to be the most common cause of tender mass in right lower abdomen. The differential diagnosis of a tender mass in right lower abdomen, however, is broad and includesvarious intraabdominal and intrapelvic lesions in origin. Preoperative accurate diagnosis is essential in order toavoid unnecessary surgery or complications resulting from delayed surgery. The purpose of this pictorial essay isto illustrate examples of various causes and methods to differentiate them with ultrasonography and CT.
Abdomen* ; Abscess ; Appendicitis ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Ultrasonography ; Unnecessary Procedures

BACKGROUND: This article intended to identify and describe areas in need of services and interventions for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their families in Seoul, Korea. METHODS: A descriptive comparison was made between available services and interventions in Seoul, Korea and Massachusetts, USA. Relevant information was obtained through sending phone/email inquiries to the governments and organizations, visiting their official websites, and searching for published articles or reports. RESULTS: In a few areas such as level of education, economy, and general quality of healthcare, Seoul was found to be similar to Massachusetts. However, in terms of services and interventions for individuals with ASD and their families, especially early identification and intervention, special education, care coordination, school-based programs, and transition to adulthood, Massachusetts was shown to have far more availability. CONCLUSION: The limited availability of services and interventions for individuals with ASD and their families in Seoul in comparison to Massachusetts, underlines target areas for further investment and development.
Autism Spectrum Disorder ; Autistic Disorder ; Education ; Education, Special ; Humans ; Investments ; Korea ; Massachusetts ; Quality of Health Care ; Seoul