No abstract available.
Drug Therapy* ; Stomach Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Plasma Exchange* ; Plasma* ; Seoul*

No abstract available.
Plasma Exchange* ; Plasma* ; Seoul*

No abstract available.
Gestational Age* ; Intracranial Hemorrhages*

PURPOSE: We measured anti-H. pylori IgG in Korean elementary school children living in Shinchon area of Seoul, Korea to evaluate the influence of environmental living standards on H. pylori infection. METHODS: IgG antibodies to H. pylori were measured in plasma using a commercial ELISA kit (GAP IgG Helicobacter pylori, Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc., Hercules, CA, USA). Information on environmental status such as place of birth, parental income, type of housing, number of persons in the household, parents' occupation, family history of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer was obtained. Statistical analysis was done by Chi-square and logistic regression test using SPSS 7.0(TM) for Windows. RESULTS: Study subjects consisted of 571 children, and the age distribution ranged from 6.0 to 13.6 years with a mean of 9.6+/-1.8 years. Male-to-female ratio was 1.1:1. The seropositive rates of H. pylori infection ranged from 10.4% in children aged 6 years to 30.9% in 12 year-old group, overall 16.8%. The prevalence of H. pylori infection progressively increased with age, but there was no significant difference in seropositive rates among children in different age groups (p=0.06). Seropositive rates of anti-H. pylori IgG on the basis of gender, place of birth, parental income, type of housing, parents' occupation, family history of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer showed no statistically significant difference. Interestingly, however, seropositive rate of anti-H. pylori IgG showed statistical significance in relation to number of persons in the household (p=0.003; Odds ratio 1.50 by logistic regression test). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that number of persons in the household is the most important factor among environmental living standards, and that risk of H. pylori infection increases by increment of 1.5 times as the number of persons in the household increases by one.
Age Distribution ; Antibodies ; Child* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Family Characteristics ; Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter* ; Housing ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Occupations ; Odds Ratio ; Parents ; Peptic Ulcer ; Plasma ; Prevalence ; Residence Characteristics ; Seoul ; Socioeconomic Factors* ; Stomach Neoplasms

To assess the value of routine chest roentgenographic examinations at the time of admission, we analysed chest roentgenogram of 1,283 patients under the age of 15 who were admitted to St. Paul's Hospital from 1975 to 1977. A bonormal radiographic findings were detected in 111out of 1,283 Patients(8.7%). In 108 patients with abnormal findings, no medical or surgical therapy was required except three nowborn infants who had medical therapy as a result of pneumonic infiltration. In view of clinical analysis of 1,283 patients, it is considered that routine chest roentgenographic examinations were not warranted in patients under the age of 15 but justifiable in newborn infants.
Child* ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Radiography* ; Thorax*

Esophageal duplication cysts are congenital anomalies of the foregut that are rarely found in the abdomen. An accurate preoperative diagnosis is not always possible, so the definitive diagnosis can be made by histologic examination of the surgical specimen. We experienced a case of Intra-abdominal esophageal duplication cyst in a 52-year-old female, who initially presented with an esophageal submucosal tumor on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. She did not have any gastrointestinal symptoms. Barium esophagography, chest computed tomography scan and endoscopic ultrasonography demonstrated the cystic lesion in the intra-abdominal esophagus. Transhiatal enucleation of the lesion was performed successfully via the abdominal approach with no postoperative complications. Histologic study showed that the cyst wall contained a two-layered muscle coat and the surface of the lumen was lined by pseudo-ciliated columnar epithelium. The patient has been doing well without any complaints for 3 months of follow-up period.
Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Radiography, Abdominal ; Middle Aged ; Humans ; Female ; Esophageal Cyst/*diagnosis/pathology/*surgery ; *Abdomen

Steroid withdrawal followed by interferon therapy is an alternative approach for treating chronic hepatitis B virus infection when there has been no therapeutic response to interferon alone. The effectiveness of steroid withdrawal followed by interferon therapy and factors predictive of the response were evaluated in 35 children with biopsy-proven chronic hepatitis B. Patients had received a 1-month course of prednisolone, 1 mg/kg per day orally, followed by a 2-week rest, and then were treated with interferon alpha 3 MU three times per week for 4-6 months. The serum aminotransferase values normalized in 80%, and negative seroconversion rates of HBeAg and HBV-DNA were 69% and 66%. The good response rate was associated with a pretreatment HBV-DNA level lower than 100 pg/ml and a posttreatment ALT level more than 200 IU/L. Normalization of ALT values usually took 5 months, and the clearance of HBV-DNA and HBeAg took 7.8 and 6.7 months, respectively. These results suggest that steroid withdrawal followed by interferon therapy is useful in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in children, and that a good response rate can be expected in children with lower pretreatment HBV-DNA levels (< 100 pg/ml).
Adolescence ; Alanine Transaminase/blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; DNA, Viral/analysis ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic/virology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic/therapy* ; Hepatitis B, Chronic/pathology ; Human ; Infant ; Interferon Alfa-2a/therapeutic use* ; Male ; Prednisolone/therapeutic use*

We experienced a case of transient complete A-V block, which developed probably due to acute myocarditis of viral etiology. The patient was 13 year old boy, and was admitted to our ward with chief complaints of intermittent abdominal pain and chest discomfort. The auscultation of the heart revealed, the 1st heart sounds varied in intensity, and the E.K.G. findings, checked then, showed complete A-V block with atrial rate of 110/min and ventricular rate of 73/min. We recommended absolute bed rest and oral prednisolove(50mg/day). He discharged on 10th hospital day in good condition with normalized E.K.G. finding.
Abdominal Pain ; Adolescent ; Auscultation ; Bed Rest ; Heart ; Heart Sounds ; Humans ; Male ; Myocarditis ; Thorax

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Many recent studies have shown excellent outcomes of surgical resection for ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In addition, there are several reports suggesting that a ruptured HCC did not increase the risk for peritoneal dissemination of a tumor after surgical resection. However, the impact of HCC rupture on recurrence and patient survival has not yet been clarified. METHODS: The medical data of patients who underwent surgical resection for ruptured HCC in our center between January 2011 and December 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. The outcomes of the patients were investigated. RESULTS: Among 128 patients who underwent surgical resection for HCC, 5 patients (3.9%) had a ruptured HCC. All patients underwent elective operation in a stable condition. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) was performed for achieving hemostasis in four patients except one who achieved spontaneous hemostasis. Two patients had tumor recurrence and one patient died due to HCC recurrence during the median follow-up duration of 28.3 months (range, 24.3–62.3 months). One patient who developed late intrahepatic recurrence at 40.0 months after resection was managed well by means of radiofrequency ablation and TACE and is now alive for 5 years without any evidence of viable tumor. However, the other patient who showed early peritoneal seeding at 1.9 months after resection finally died despite aggressive treatments. CONCLUSIONS: Rupture of HCC might result in peritoneal seeding of the tumor in the early postoperative stage, which could lead to a poor result. Nonetheless, surgical resection may be the best treatment option yielding good survival, even for a ruptured HCC.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Catheter Ablation ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemostasis ; Humans ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture