The purpose of this study is to explore perception types and to understand the nature of experience of nursing students' clinical education by using the Q methodology. A Q sample was developed through a review of the literature and descriptions about nursing students' experience in clinical practice. Thirty-six statements made up the finalized Q sample. The P sample consisted of 33 third grade nursing students in K university. Q statements were written on separate cards and were given to the 33 subjects to sort according to degree of agreement or disagreement. The Q-sorts by each subject were coded and analysed with the Quanl PC program. A a result, three major perception types, namely, 'alienation of ideal and reality', 'active participation', and 'perception of limitation of ability' were identified. By identifying the nature of the three types, this study suggests efficient strategies for developing clinical educational programs according to the perception types of nursing students. Clinical education would thereby be more valuable.
Education* ; Humans ; Nursing* ; Q-Sort ; Students, Nursing*

Herpes zoster oticus (Ramsay Hunt syndrome) is characterized by facial nerve paralysis associated with vesticular eruptions and cochleovestibular symptoms. Many evidences have supported that it is caused by the reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus in the geniculate ganglion. Recently we experienced a case 49-year-old man presented severe vertigo and a vesicular eruptions of auricle and external ear canal. It is an unusual variant of herpes zoster oticus that involves only vestibular nerve without facial nerve palsy and hearing loss. We believe this case results from reactivation of latent varicella zoster virus in the vestibular ganglion and report with a review of literatures.
Dizziness ; Ear Canal ; Facial Nerve* ; Ganglion Cysts ; Geniculate Ganglion ; Hearing Loss ; Herpes Zoster Oticus* ; Herpes Zoster* ; Herpesvirus 3, Human ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Paralysis* ; Vertigo ; Vestibular Nerve*

No abstract available.
Germ Cells* ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal*

The surgeons performing photorefractive keratectomy[PRK]and laser in situ keratomileusis[LASIK]and patients got these relatively convenient and effective procedures for correcting myopia are increasing now. Korean Society of cataract and refractive surgery[KSCRS]performed a survey on PRK and LASIK with the members of this society. Seventy-six members replied to questionnaire and fifty answered that they were doing PRK or LASIK. The number of surgeons who had performed more than three hundred cases of PRK or LASIK were twenty-four and seventeen, respectively. The number of surgeons who having done these procedures less than three years were twenty-five and this suggested these operations were much increased recently. Maximum attempted corrections were -5.9 to -6.5 diopter in PRK and -14.4 to -14.9 diopter in LASIK. The surgeons thought reduction of best corrected visual acuity as the complication of LASIK procedure was occurred the incidence of 3.97%[0.1~30%]. Eighty percent of members replied they explained the predictable result and possible complication of operation to their patients by themselves and seventy seven percent of members agreed to the plan that surgeons should do PRK and LASIK with qualification from Korean Ophthalmological Society. We suggest this survey could help performing better procedure by establishing common therapeutic criteria with communication of information and opinion between ophthal-mologist.
Cataract ; Humans ; Incidence ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ* ; Korea* ; Myopia ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Neuroma*

No abstract available.
Erythema* ; Flushing* ; Rosacea*

Mucocele of the paranasal sinuses is a benign, expansible, and cystic mass filled with mucous collection. Infraorbital cells are extramural ethmoid cells that develop into the roof of the maxillary sinus and the base of the orbital cavity. Although infraorbital cells are asymptomatic in most cases, inflammation or mucocele in those cells may cause various symptoms including facial pain, hypoesthesia, and secondary rhinosinusitis. They sometimes invade the orbital cavity, which may cause ophthalmic symptoms such as visual disturbance, orbital swelling, and orbital pain. Most of the cases with ophthalmic symptoms are related to sphenoethmoidal cell mucocele. Delayed treatment of more than two days is known to have a poor prognosis for visual disturbances caused by acute optic nerve compression. We describe a case of 61-year-old man who complained of visual disturbance related to infraorbital cell mucocele and fully recovered right after surgical management.

Primary aldosteronism is characterized by hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, low plasma renin activity, elevated plasma aldosterone level and can be suspected in the patients with hypertension and unexplained hypokalemia. Small adrenal cortical adenomas are responsible for this syndrome in most cases. The incidence of thyrotoxic periodic paralysis ranges from 1.9 to 6.2 % in Japan. Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis usually subsides following treatment of hyperthyroidism and has good prognosis. A 56 year-old man presented with hyperthyroidism, hypertension and recurrent hypokalemia. During the treatment of hyperthyroidism, he repeatedly experienced weakness of both lower extremities. Hormonal evaluation was performed and he was found to have a 2*2*1.5 cm sized right adrenal tumor by abdominal computerized topography(CT). After right adrenalectomy, hypokalemic periodic paralysis was improved. Both thyroid and adrenal function should be comprehensively investigated in periodic paralysis. In conclusion, physicians must be aware of the possibility of primary aldosteronism in hyperthyroid patients with hypokalemic periodic paralysis. We report a case of aldosteronoma complicated with hyperthyroidism and literatures are reviewed.
Adrenalectomy ; Adrenocortical Adenoma ; Aldosterone ; Alkalosis ; Humans ; Hyperaldosteronism ; Hypertension ; Hyperthyroidism* ; Hypokalemia ; Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis ; Incidence ; Japan ; Lower Extremity ; Middle Aged ; Paralysis ; Plasma ; Prognosis ; Renin ; Thyroid Gland

BACKGROUND: Observation on the hemodialysis treatment; whether there are any different effects on mortality rate, side effects, or effectiveness of the treatment depending on patients' age. METHODS: Chronic renal failure patients who started hemodialysis treatment between 2002 and 2003 were separated in two groups, 33 patients of 60 and older and 76 patients under 60. We investigated mortality rate difference, A-V shunt re-operation, and total protein and albumin level. Also, comparing and analyzing the urea reduction ratio, we examined whether effectiveness is different depending on the patients' age. RESULTS: The 3 year survivor rate of patients who initially started hemodialysis treatment over 60 was 66.7%, and that of the patients under 60 resulted as 73.1%. The average total protein lefel for over 60 was 6.48g/dL and for under 60 was 6.80g/dL, and albumin for over 60 was 3.15g/dL and under 60 was 3.46g/dL. We identified that the patients who repeated shunt operation in over 60 group was 4(12%) and in under 60 group was 4(5.2%). Effectiveness of the treatment, Urea Reduction Ratio(URR), for both groups was 71%. CONCLUSION: The 3 year survivor rate of patients who initially started hemodialysis treatment over 60 was lower than the control group, but considering the remaining life expectancy, it seems to be no significant difference between the groups; and the treatment effectiveness was same in both groups.
Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Life Expectancy ; Prognosis ; Renal Dialysis ; Survivors ; Treatment Outcome ; Urea

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic disorder reported rarely in dentistry. Dental practitioners should know the features of PWS because affected patients have a variety of dental symptoms. The current report describes a case of PWS. An 18-year-old male patient presented with traumatic injuries. Initial emergency treatments were performed under sedation, and further treatments were conducted under general anesthesia. After adequate healing, periodic follow-up and dietary management according to the patient's age and nutritional phase were recommended. Dental management of PWS patients consists of active preventive measures in addition to dietary consultation according to age and nutritional phase.
Adolescent* ; Anesthesia, General* ; Conscious Sedation ; Dentistry ; Emergency Treatment ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyperphagia ; Male ; Practice Management, Dental ; Prader-Willi Syndrome*