No abstract available.
Family Practice* ; Humans ; Smoke* ; Smoking*

No abstract available.
Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Cockayne Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Dandy-Walker Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Sepsis* ; Serratia marcescens* ; Serratia*

PURPOSE: Haemophilus influenzae, one of the normal flora of the upper respiratory tract, can cause such infections as otitis, sinusitis, pneumonia, and meningitis in children. The oropharyngeal flora has therefore mainly been analyzed as a reservoir for pathogens. This study was performed to reveal the colonization rate of H. influenzae in the upper respiratory tract, their biotypes, their antimicrobial resistance and production of beta-lactamase in healthy children. METHODS: The specimens for H. influenzae were obtained through oropharyngeal swab from 209 healthy children, younger than 5 years of age in 4 day care centers from March 1998 to June 1998. These isolates of H. influenzae were tested for their biotypes, in vitro susceptibility to seven antimicrobial agents(ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, aztreonam, chloramphenicol, cefotaxime, tetracycline and trimethoprim-sulfamedoxazole) by disc diffusion method and production of beta- lactamase. RESULTS: The carriage rate of H. influenzae in the day care center children was 13.4%(28/209). Of 24 isolates, 8 isolates(33%) were biotype II and 6 isolates(25%) were biotype I. The overall rates of resistance of 15 isolates are as follows; ampicillin 46.7%, tetracycline 28.6%, trimethop rim-sulfamedoxazole 14.3%, ampicillin/sulbactam 6.7%. The prevalence of beta-lactamase producing isolates was 65.2%. All beta-lactamase producing isolates were resistant to ampicillin. The resis tance rates of beta-lactamase producing isolates to tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamedoxazole, and ampicillin/sulbactam were 44.4%, 25.0%, and 11.1%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Children in day care centers in Seoul have high rates of H. influenzae carriage. The antimicrobial resistance of H. influenzae from the oropharyngeal specimens of healthy children was higher than expected.
Ampicillin ; Aztreonam ; beta-Lactamases ; Cefotaxime ; Child* ; Chloramphenicol ; Colon ; Day Care, Medical ; Diffusion ; Haemophilus influenzae* ; Haemophilus* ; Humans ; Influenza, Human ; Meningitis ; Otitis ; Pneumonia ; Prevalence ; Respiratory System ; Seoul ; Sinusitis ; Tetracycline

Laparoscopic Burch operation is one of laparoscopic surgery for stress urinary incontinence. Subcutaneous emphysema and hypercarbia are potential complications of laparoscopic surgery, but are more likely to occur in extraperitoneal surgery than in intraperitoneal surgery, since insufflated CO2 can diffuse easily into the surrounding tissues. We report a patient in whom pneumomediastinum and extensive subcutaneous emphysema developed during laparoscopic Burch operation. Transient hypoxemia was also accompanied with hypercarbia. Possible mechanisms are presented, along with discussion of prompt diagnosis and treatment. For the management of laparoscopic extraperitoneal surgery, it is necessary to be careful with monitoring of CO2 insufflation pressure, routine examination and palpation of chest wall, use of N2O with caution, increase of ventilation to eliminate CO2, and excluding other causes of subcutaneous emphysema and hypercarbia.
Anoxia ; Carbon Dioxide ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Insufflation ; Laparoscopy ; Mediastinal Emphysema* ; Palpation ; Subcutaneous Emphysema* ; Thoracic Wall ; Urinary Incontinence ; Ventilation

Septo-optic dysplasia is diagnosed when optic nerve hypoplasia is combined with dysgenesis of the septum pellucidum and nearly two-thirds of them have hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction. A number of these patients have schizencephaly and usually present seizures. The migrational disorders including schizencephaly, lissencephaly, heterotopia and polymicrogyria are a rare group of congenital malformations of the brain Septo-optic dysplasia-schizencephaly complex is frequently associated with endocrinolo gic, ophthalmologic, and neurologic symptoms and signs. We recently experienced a case of septo-optic dysplasia-schizencephaly, who showed severe visual impairment associated nystagmus and bilateral optic nerve hypoplasia agenesis of septum pellucidum with schizencephaly and hypsarrythmia. Because some forms of migrational disorders and septo-optic dysplasia can be inherited, parental counseling is essential for the accurate diagnosis.
Brain ; Counseling ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Lissencephaly ; Malformations of Cortical Development ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Optic Nerve ; Parents ; Seizures ; Septo-Optic Dysplasia ; Septum Pellucidum ; Vision Disorders

No abstract available.
Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Mucins*

Phytobezoar is rare disease in the stomach and small bowel of the patient without underlying previous gastroenterologic pathology. Because it usually occurs secondarily to peptic ulcer surgery, poor mastication, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism and connetive tissue disease. In morden medicine, phytobezoars found in the stomach and/or intestines in humans, are known to be associated with considerable morbidity and even mortality. Patients with gastric bezoar present with chronic postprandial epigastic pain, nausea, and vomitihg. It is diagnosed by endoscopic examination or radiologic study and treated by surgical removal or non-surgical methods including conservative treatment, enzymatic dissolution, and endoscopic removal. We have experienced a case of small intestinal obstruction due to a fragment of gastric bezoar of the patient without underlying etiologic cause. So we report the case with a brief review of literatures.
Bezoars ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; Intestinal Obstruction* ; Intestines ; Mastication ; Mortality ; Nausea ; Pathology ; Peptic Ulcer ; Rare Diseases ; Stomach