Plesiomonas shigelloides is known to cause diarrhea in human. It is a facultatively anaerobic gram-negative rod belonging to the family Vibrionaceae. We isolated P. shigelloides from two patients with diarrhea, a 62-year-old woman with steroid therapy and a 4-year-old boy with no predisposing factor. The organisms were isolated on enteric agars as a nonlactose fermenter and were identified by oxidase, indole, and other biochemical characteristics. The isolates were susceptible to commonly used antimicrobial agents with the exception of ampicillin. P. shigelloides infection is rarely reported in our country, but appears to be a significant cause of diarrhea that responds to antimicrobial therapy. Therefore we suggest the need for correctly identifying P. shigelloides.
Agar ; Ampicillin ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Causality ; Child, Preschool ; Diarrhea ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oxidoreductases ; Plesiomonas* ; Vibrionaceae

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of systematic information on maternal attachment, parenting stress and maternal confidence of mothers of premature infants. METHODS: Using a non-equivalent control group pre-post quasi-experimental design, 42 participants were assigned to one of two groups, an experimental group (n=20), which received systematic information; and a control (n=22), which received the usual discharge education. Prior to the intervention, baseline data were collected (pretest) and then the systematic information was provided four times for the experimental group. Maternal attachment, parenting stress and maternal confidence were measured. Data were collected three times: Seven to 10 days prior to discharge, day of discharge, and two weeks after discharge. RESULTS: Mothers in the experimental group had significantly higher scores in maternal attachment (F=6.16, p=.005), lower parenting stress scores (F=5.56, p=.004), and higher scores for maternal confidence (F=16.50, p<.001) than mothers in the control group. These tendencies were progressively enhanced even two weeks after discharge from the hospital. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that provision of systematic information to mothers with premature infants is an effective intervention to enhance mothers' maternal attachment, decrease parenting stress, and enhance maternal confidence.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Mothers ; Parenting ; Parents

Anti-E and anti-c is one of the clinical significant irregular antibodies developing a delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction and hemolytic disease of the newborn. Since anti-c occurs frequently with anti-E in immunized people whosoe cells are E-and c-, it has been recommended to select blood of the patient's own R1 phenotype for transfusion, even when the presence of anti-c cannot be demonstrated in his/her serum. To determine the utility of this approach, we reviewed the blood bank laboratory records of patients identified anti-E and anti-c in his/her serum in Severance hospital over a 12 year period (1985-1996). During the 12-year period of study, 53 patients were identified with anti-E and/or anti-c; 30(56.6%) patients had anti-E alone, 6(11.3%) had anti-c, and 17(32.1%) had both. Thirty eight of forty two patients whose Rh-hr phenotypes were tested were R1R1. Of these 38 R1R1 patients, 16 patients (42.1%) presented with anti-c concomitant with anti-E. Ouru study showed that the incidence of antni-c in R1R1 patients with anti-E is similar to that of studies reported in Caucasian groups. We highly suggest the transfusion protocol of prophylactic use of c negative blood for R1R1 patients with anti-E. Furthermore, because anti-c may be present in concentrations too low to be detected, the enzyme technique is recommended in parallel with standard serologic methods for the identification of irregular antibodies.
Antibodies ; Blood Banks ; Blood Group Incompatibility ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Phenotype

Purpose: : This study is a descriptive research study conducted to understand the effects of communication competence, interpersonal relationship, and information literacy competency on problem-solving in the college of nursing. Methods: : This study was conducted from May 16 to May 31, 2022 with 154 students enrolled in the second year of the Department of Nursing in D city. Data collection was measured using a self-report questionnaire that measures communication competence, interpersonal relationships, information literacy ability, and problem-solving ability. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS 23.0 program, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlations, and multiple linear regression. Results: : Communication ability, interpersonal relationship, information utilization ability and problem solving ability were found to have a significant positive correlation. In addition, factors affecting problem-solving ability appeared in the order of information utilization competency, communication ability, and interpersonal relationships, and the explanatory power of these variables for problem-solving ability was 64.9%. Conclusion : Based on the research results of this study, it is necessary to develop and apply an educational program that can improve information utilization ability in order to increase the problem-solving ability of nursing colleges.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT)-based emotional regulation program for mothers of premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods: The study utilized a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Seventeen mothers were recruited for the experimental group and 21 mothers for the control group. Data were collected from July 9, 2018, to Oct 12, 2018 from mothers of premature infants in the NICU regarding parental stress, state anxiety, depression, and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation. The experimental group received eight sessions of the REBT-based emotional regulation program for 3~4 weeks, and the control group only received standard nursing care. Results: Significant differences were found between the two groups in maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation (Z=-3.88, p<.001), stress (Z=-2.76, p=.006), state anxiety (Z=-3.72, p<.001), and postpartum depression(Z=-2.62, p=.009) after the intervention in the experimental group. Conclusion The REBT-based emotional regulation program for mothers of premature infants was effective for reducing maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation, stress, anxiety, and postpartum depression. Therefore, it may be necessary to provide an REBT-based emotional regulation program for mothers of premature infants in the NICU in clinical practice.

BACKGROUND: The testes are one of the most common extramedullary sites of relapse in boys with acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL). The reported incidence of isolated testicular relapse varies from 3 to 40%. If these patients are treated exclusively with testicular irradialion, a systemic relapse occurs within a few months. Recently, the use of intensive chemotherapy and testicular irradiation improved the survival rate for boys with testicular leukemia. So, we performed this study to identify clinical manifestations, disease free survival and prognostic factors of testicular leukemia in children. METHODS: We reviewed 33 patients of testicular leukemia among total 410 boys with ALL diagnosed at the Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital from Jan. 1970 to Aug. 1996. Testicular leukemia was confirmed by testicular biopsy in all 33 patients. These patients were treated with combined local testicular irradiation(2,400~2,500 cGy/8~12fractions) and systemic chemotherapy. Two patients, in whom testicular relapse was diagnosed before 1979, unilateral orchiectomy of the involved site and testicular irradiation of the opposite site were performed. Probability estimates of disease free survival (DFS) were calculated by the method of Kaplan and Meier, and the relationship of prognostic factors to DFS was compared using the chi-square test in survival analysis. RESULTS: In 410 boys with ALL, testicular leukemia occurred in 33 patients(8%). Of 33 patients, 6 patients presented with testicular involvement at initial diagnosis, 16 patients had testicular relapse while still receiving chemotherapy and 11 patients had testicular relapse 3 to 57 months(median : 15 months) after cessation of chemotherapy. The median age of 33 patients was 7.4 yrs(9 months~18 yrs) and median WBC count 7,600/ L(2,700~270,000/L). All patients presented with painless testicular enlargement and testicular leukemia was confirmed by testicular biopsy. Among 33 patients, 2 had prior CNS relapse and 11 had concomitant bone marrow and/or CNS relapse. Twenty nine patients were treated with combined local testicular irradiation and systemic chemotherapy. Eleven had second relapse(6 bone marrow, 3 CNS, 2 opposite testis). Seventeen have been followed until now: 6 patients on chemotherapy and 11 patients(37.9%) in complete remission for 48.5+/-22.3 months(19~86 months). The 3 year DFS for 29 patients was 55.3%+/-10.1%. The following prognostic factors showed no significant association with DFS in testicular relapse : age and WBC count at initial diagnosis, age at testicular relapse, and concomitant relapse. Whether testicular relapse occurred on initial therapy or off initial therapy has prognostic value in predicting DFS. The 3 year DFS for boys with testicular relapse on and off initial therapy were 40.0%+/-12.9% and 78.8%+/-13.4%, respectively(P: 0.046). CONCLUSION: With the use of chemotherapy and testicular irradiation, prolonged second re mission can be achieved in many patients with testicular leukemia. The patients with testicular relapse off initial therapy fared significantly better than patients on therapy. So, to improve the DFS for boys with testicular leukemia, a better understanding of its biology and prognostic factors is needed.
Biology ; Biopsy ; Bone Marrow ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leukemia ; Missions and Missionaries ; Orchiectomy ; Pediatrics ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma* ; Recurrence ; Seoul ; Survival Rate ; Testis

Hydranencehaly is an abnormality consisting of complete or almost absence of the cerebral hemispheres, which are replaced by a large fluid-filled cavity. The midbrain and brain stem are relatively intact, and rudiments of frontal, temporal and occipital cortex may be present. We diagnosed it through the evaluation of clinical features, prenatal US (intrauterine pregnancy, 37 wks) and brain CT. Authors have experienced a case of hydranencephaly combined with twin pregnancy and reported with a brief literature review.
Brain ; Brain Stem ; Cerebrum ; Humans ; Hydranencephaly* ; Mesencephalon ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Twin* ; Twins*

PURPOSE: This study was designed to review the results of 2nd and 3rd kidney transplantation at our center. METHODS: Total 1,500 patients who had undergone kidney transplantation from 1968 to Aug 2005 at the Catholic Medical Center were retrospectively analyzed. The graft and patient survival were determined using Kaplan-Meier actuarial survival curves, compared with those of first transplant and assessed for significance using the log rank test. RESULTS: The patient of 2nd transplantation was 77 cases (male 55, female 22, mean age: 48.9+/-2.4 years) and 3rd transplantation was 5 patients (male 4, female 1, mean age 46.8+/-6.0 years). The 82 kidneys included from living donors in 67 patients and from cadaveric donors in 15 patients. The most common cause of renal failure of retransplanted kidney was chronic GN (2nd: 62 cases (80.5%), 3rd: 5 cases (100%)). The immunosuppressive regimen was mainly based on cyclosporine (2nd: 61 cases (79.2%), 3rd: 3 cases (60%)). The mean duration of the second transplantation from the first was 89.0 months and the third transplantation from the second was 32.7 months. There were 16 cases of death patients and the main cause of death was infection and cardiovascular events. The graft survival of 2nd & 3rd transplantation in 1 year were over 80%. CONCLUSION: Renal retransplantation is safe, effective, and the treatment of choice in patients with failed previous kidney transplantation for patient's quality of life and not associated with increased mortality retransplantation. The results of graft survival for retransplantation seem to be excellent for primary transplantation under cyclosporine or tacrolimus-based immunosuppression. The use of the potent and appropriate immunosuppression and surgical technique for retransplantation could help to improve better results.
Cadaver ; Cause of Death ; Cyclosporine ; Female ; Graft Survival ; Humans ; Immunosuppression ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Kidney* ; Living Donors ; Mortality ; Organ Transplantation* ; Quality of Life ; Renal Insufficiency ; Retrospective Studies ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants*

BACKGROUND: Authors have undertaken this study to see if the choice of anesthesia can directly or indirectly provide immunomodulation for cytokines, to determine the relationship of cytokines and hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis in stomach cancer surgery patients, and also to see whether the amount of morphine administration and choice of analgesia can influence cytokine release, and possibly immunity. METHODS: Total 19 gastric cancer surgery patients were randomly assigned in double-blind fashion into two groups. Group-G (n=9) was provided with general anesthesia plus morphine intravenous patient controlled analgesia (IV-PCA), whereas group-GE (n=10) with preemptive epidural and general anesthesia plus continuous epidural analgesia for control of postoperative pain. At predetermined time interval, proinflammatory cytokines and stress hormones were evaluated with visual analog pain scale. Simultaneous assessments of operating and anesthesia time, total morphine doses, the time to recovery of gastrointestinal function and incidences of complications were also made. RESULTS: Demographic data, the durations of operation and anesthesia and recovery of gastrointestinal function were similar in both groups. Total morphine doses were approximately four times greater in group-G. Secretions of interleukin-1 beta , TNF and epinephrine were blocked by preemptive epidural anesthesia, meanwhile, interleukin-6 as well as ACTH and cortisol were not. After 24 hours after skin incision, the differences of cytokines, ACTH and cortisol between two groups were dissipated. In spite of these hormonal findings, visual analog pain scale could not disclose any differences. Incidences of complications were statistically insignificant except that of itching in group-GE. CONCLUSION: Preemptive epidural anesthesia and analgesia can partially block only some of cytokines and stress hormones, and these effects do not have clinically relevant long term influences. The amounts and means of morphine administered by continuous epidural analgesia block or IV-PCA demonstrated no evidence of immunosuppression at clinical dose range.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ; Analgesia ; Analgesia, Epidural ; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled ; Anesthesia and Analgesia* ; Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, Epidural ; Anesthesia, General ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Cytokines ; Epinephrine ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Immunomodulation* ; Immunosuppression ; Incidence ; Interleukin-1beta ; Interleukin-6 ; Morphine ; Pain Measurement ; Pain, Postoperative ; Pruritus ; Skin ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Stomach*