No abstract available.
Anal Canal* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell*

No abstract available.
Peptic Ulcer*

No abstract available.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Osteosarcoma*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Leukemia*

No abstract available.
Hemangioma, Cavernous*

PURPOSE: Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) exhibits variable lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of LUTS and the efficacy of an anticholinergic agent in young and middle-aged CP/CPPS patients. METHODS: Ninety-six men with CP/CPPS were randomly assigned in a single-blind fashion and received either ciprofloxacin (group 1, 49 patients) or ciprofloxacin and solifenacin (5 mg/day; group 2, 47 patients) for 8 weeks. The National Institutes of Health chronic prostatitis symptom index (NIH-CPSI), the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) were used to grade the patients' symptoms and the quality of life impact at the start of the study, and at 4 and 8 weeks from the initiation of the study. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between groups 1 and 2 with respect to age, duration of disease, or sub-domains of the IPSS, NIH-CPSI, or IIEF-5 at baseline. Of these patients, 67.4% had LUTS. Statistically significant differences were determined via the NIH-CPSI for total score and the pain and urinary domain scores. Statistically significant differences were determined via the IPSS for total score and the storage domain score. The total score of the IIEF-5 increased, but the change was not significant. There was no statistically significant difference in residual urine. CONCLUSIONS: Many CP/CPPS patients had LUTS. Solifenacin in CP/CPPS demonstrated improvements in the NIH-CPSI and the IPSS total score and storage score. Storage factors significantly improved via the NIH-CPSI and IPSS assessments in the solifenacin treatment group.
Cholinergic Antagonists ; Ciprofloxacin ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ; Male ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Pelvic Pain ; Prospective Studies ; Prostate ; Prostatitis ; Quality of Life ; Quinuclidines ; Solifenacin Succinate ; Tetrahydroisoquinolines

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: In medulloblastoma, craniospinal radiation therapy combined with chemotherapy improves the prognosis of tumors but results in significant endocrine morbidities. We studied the endocrine morbidity, especially growth pattern changes. METHODS: The medical records of 37 patients with medulloblastoma were reviewed retrospectively for evaluation of endocrine function and growth. We performed the growth hormone stimulation test in 16 patients whose growth velocity was lower than 4 cm/yr. RESULTS: The height loss was progressive in most patients. The height standard deviation score (SDS) decreased from -0.1+/-1.3 initially to -0.6+/-1.0 after 1 year(P<0.01). Growth hormone deficiency(GHD) developed in 14 patients. During the 2 years of growth hormone(GH) treatment, the improvements of height gain or progressions of height loss were not observed. Twelve patients(32.4 percent) revealed primary hypothyroidism. One of six patients diagnosed with compensated hypothyroidism progressed to primary hypothyroidism. Primary and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism were observed in two and one patients respectively. There was no proven case of central adrenal insufficiency. CONCLUSION: Growth impairment developed frequently, irrespective of the presence of GHD in childhood survivors of medulloblastoma. GH treatment may prevent further loss of height. The impairment of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal and hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroidal axis is less common, while central adrenal insufficiency was not observed.
Adrenal Insufficiency ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Child* ; Drug Therapy ; Growth Hormone ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; Hypothyroidism ; Medical Records ; Medulloblastoma* ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survivors

PURPOSE: Intracranial atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) is an extremely rare and aggressive tumor of early childhood. In this study, we evaluated the clinical characteristics, therapeutic approaches and outcomes of children who were treated at Seoul National University Children's Hospital (SNUCH). METHODS: We reviewed the clinical records of seven patients who were diagnosed as ATRT at SNUCH between January 2000 and July 2005. RESULTS: Of the seven patients, three patients were male and four were female. Median age at diagnosis was 13 months ranging from 3 months to 67 months. The tumors occurred in the infratentorial area in six and at multiple sites in one patient. Metastatic disease at diagnosis was present in two patients. One showed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dissemination and the other showed bony metastasis. Tumor excision was performed in all patients, and with the exception of two cases that refused further treatment, five patients received postoperative chemotherpay. One patient with CSF dissemination received radiotherapy and intrathecal chemotherapy as well. Of all the patients who received chemotherapy, two patients died during treatment because of tumor progression. The chemotherapy regimen was changed in three patients during treatment because the tumor showed poor response to chemotherapy. The median length of follow-up for five patients receiving chemotherapy was 6 months and the overall survival (OS) and event free survival (EFS) were 33.3% and 0%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Though various therapeutic approaches have led to improved survival in ATRT, the prognosis of ATRT is dismal compared with other brain tumors. A precise pathologic diagnosis is crucial and intensified treatment modalities should be considered according to the extent of tumor. To establish optimal treatment guidelines, a cooperative prospective study is needed and the efficacy of individual regimens should be analyzed.
Brain Neoplasms ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy ; Retrospective Studies* ; Seoul

Over a two-year period, immunophenotypic patterns of 266 acute leukemia cases were analyzed using a panel of tests including TdT, SmIg and 9 surface antigens by the immunofluorescence stains for the assessment of the incidence and grade of phenotypic ambiguity (lineage infidelity) and the possible clinical significance of unusual immunophenotypes. Immunophenotypes were classified into four groups according to the degree of ectopic antigen expression. We classified as Group A (91.7%, 244 of 266 cases) those expressing conventional pattern without ectopic antigen. Group B (3.0%, 8 of 266 cases) was defined to have at least two lineage specific markers and single ectopic antigen. Such a "low grade deviation" did not prevent a definite immunodiagnosis. Group C (4.2%, 11 of 266 cases) revealed a promiscuous coexpression of markers related to different lineages, including two cases (0.8%, 2 cases) of biphenotypic leukemia. Group D (1.1%, 3 cases) included unclassifiable immunophenotypes with no antigen or HLA-DR only expression. Both patients with biphenotypic leukemia and one patient with unclassifiable immunophenotypes failed to respond to induction chemotherapy, suggesting a poor prognosis in these patients. The incidence of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cases with one or more ectopic surface antigens was 10 (8.1%) of the 124 AML cases. Ectopic antigen expression was seen in 5 (4%) of the 125 B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cases and 3 (25%) of the 12 T-ALL cases. It is concluded that nearly 95% of cases of acute leukemia cases can be diagnosed accurately with immunophenotyping alone including patients with a mild degree of deviation from expected antigenic patterns.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Acute Disease ; Antigens, Differentiation/blood ; Burkitt Lymphoma/immunology ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Leukemia/*immunology ; Leukemia, Myeloid/immunology ; Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell/immunology ; Retrospective Studies