No abstract available.

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Liver*

The frequency of stab wounds is gradually increasing and patients with stab wounds visit the hospital through the emergency room. Management options for patients with stab wound include mandatory exploration and selective observation, but recently many authors have emphasized the importance of selective conservation with development of diagnostic procedure and controversy still exists concerning the management of patients with stab wounds. We retrospectively analysed the clinical data of 78 patients with stab wounds who visited the emergency room of St. Paul's Hospital over 5 years from January 1 1992 to December 31 1996. The following results were obtained. 1) The most prevalent age group were the twenties & the thirties(58.9% of patient) and then most patients were of young age. The male to female ratio was 2.9: 1. 2) Most injuries occurred at night between 8p.m. and 4a.m.(61.5%) and during September injuries were most frequent. 3) The most common causes of stab wound were fighting(55.1%) followed by suicide (21.8%), then accidents including traffic accidents(16.7%) and robbery(6.4%). 4) The instruments most commonly used were knives(53.8%) and broken glass(28.2%). 5) Half of patients were drunk from alcohol and in 3 cases from an antipsychotic drug. 6) In 11 cases(14.1%), there were multiple wound sites and in 8 cases(10.3%) superficial wounds into subcutaneous fatty tissue. 7) According to stab wound sites, the extremities were wounded in 36 cases(46.2%), chest in 21 cases(26.9%), abdomen in 15 cases(19.2%) and neck in 7 cases(9.0%). 8) Emergency explorations were performed in 43 cases(55.1%) under general or regional anesthesia, which included neck in 4 cases(9.3%), chest in 3 cases(7.0%), abdomen in 11 cases(25.6%) and extremity in 25 cases(58.1%). In exploratory laparotomy, negative exploration rate was 18.2%. 9) Death occurred in 2 cases(2.6%). One died due to sepsis with multiple colon perforation and the other due to hypovolemic shock with Superior Vena Cava injury.
Abdomen ; Adipose Tissue ; Anesthesia, Conduction ; Colon ; Emergencies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Extremities ; Female ; Humans ; Laparotomy ; Male ; Multiple Trauma ; Neck ; Retrospective Studies ; Sepsis ; Shock ; Suicide ; Thorax ; Vena Cava, Superior ; Wounds and Injuries ; Wounds, Stab*

No abstract available.
DNA* ; Nucleolus Organizer Region*

No abstract available.
Hemorrhoidectomy*

Stickler syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder of connective tissue with a wide range of expressivity and incomplete penetrance which is called hereditary progressive arthro-ophthalmopathy. Affected neohates may present with the Pierre-Robin syndrome, progressive myopia, retinal detachment, flat face, hypertelorism, progressive arthritis. Early recognition of the syndrome is important, not only for genetic counselling but also to offer a more precise prognosis and proper treatment of many serious disorders that may occur in affected children. We experienced a case of Stickler syndrome with large eyeballs in a 3-day-old female baby who showed Pierre-Robin anomaly, flat face, hypertelorism, epicanthal folds, long philtrum, micrognathia, deft palate, high congenital myopia, chorioretinal degeneration, thin habitus and hyperextensible joints.
Arthritis ; Child ; Connective Tissue ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertelorism ; Joints ; Lip ; Myopia ; Myopia, Degenerative ; Palate ; Penetrance ; Pierre Robin Syndrome ; Prognosis ; Retinal Detachment

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have reported that glucosamine (GlcN) showed therapeutic effects in allergic diseases such as asthma and rhinitis, and its mechanisms include the suppression of T helper type 2 immune responses and the nuclear factor-κB pathway. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the effect of GlcN on atopic dermatitis (AD) in an animal model. METHODS: Twenty-five BALB/c mice were divided into five groups (groups A~E). Group A was the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated group without AD induction. Group B was the PBS control group with AD induction. Groups C to E were the AD induction groups, which were treated with three different doses of GlcN (10 mg, 20 mg, and 40 mg, respectively). Histopathological examination was performed after GlcN administration. Interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, and IL-17 cytokine levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using skin biopsy specimens. Serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentrations were measured before and after administration with GlcN or PBS. RESULTS: Clinical dermatitis scores decreased with increasing GlcN dose (p<0.001). Concentrations of tissue IL-13 and IL-17 decreased after GlcN administration (each group: p=0.002 and p<0.001, respectively), but the concentrations of tissue IL-4 did not show differences across groups. Serum IgE levels tended to be lower after GlcN administration (p=0.004). Histopathological scores were not significantly different among groups B~E (p=0.394). CONCLUSION: GlcN improved AD symptoms and decreased tissue IL-13, IL-17, and serum total IgE levels in an animal model.
Allergy and Immunology ; Animals ; Anti-Allergic Agents ; Asthma ; Biopsy ; Dermatitis ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Glucosamine ; Immunoglobulin E ; Immunoglobulins ; Interleukin-13 ; Interleukin-17 ; Interleukin-4 ; Interleukins ; Mice ; Models, Animal ; Rhinitis ; Skin ; Therapeutic Uses

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Supraglottic laryngectomy is a well established technique for the treatment of appropriate carcinoma of supraglottic larynx. The purpose of this study was to determine factors that may contribute to postoperative aspiration related to deglutition problem following supraglottic laryngectomy. MATERIALS AND METHOD: A retrospective analysis of medical records of 19 patients who consecutively underwent supraglottic laryngectomy was undertaken. Contribution of the following factors was investigated: age, T stage, pack-years of smoking, and parameters of pulmonary function test. The authors used a computerized acoustic analysis program (CSL-MDVP) to measure fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, and noise to harmonics ratio. RESULTS: Eleven patients had no problem, 5 patients had clinically insignificant problem, and 3 patients had moderate problem in postoperative 6 months. A greater number of pack-years of smoking and decreasing FEV1/FVC were significantly correlated with poor outcome with regards to postoperative aspiration and deglutition problem. No statistically significant difference was seen between patients with supraglottic laryngectomy and the control group. CONCLUSION: This study showed that less than 60% FEV1/FVC signifies a greater risk for postoperative aspiration.
Acoustics ; Deglutition ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Humans ; Laryngectomy* ; Larynx ; Medical Records ; Noise ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Retrospective Studies ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Vital Capacity ; Voice

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder characterized by hamartomatous polyps in the small bowel and mucocutaneous pigmentation. Patients with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome often present as surgical emergencies with complications of the polyps, such as intussusception, bowel obstruction and bleeding. Furthermore, repeated operations may be needed in some patients, which may result in short bowel syndrome. Although early reports did not demonstrate a predisposition to cancer in patients with this syndrome, more recent studies have described an increased risk for both gastrointestinal and extra-gastrointestinal cancers. Women with the Peutz-Jeghers syndrome have the extremely high risk for breast and gynecologic cancer. Recently, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome susceptibility gene, encoding the serine threonine kinase STK11 (also called LKB1), was identified in families with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. The identifications of germline mutations in families with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome could be a turning point in the management of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.
Female ; Human ; Neoplasms/etiology ; Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome*/pathology ; Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome*/genetics ; Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome*/complications ; Phenotype ; Risk Factors