There are much evidences to indicate that muscles and its tendon are inserted during the reperfusion phase of ischemia-reperfusion insults. However, until now the alterations of neurotransmitter induced by ischemia- reperfusion have not been examined in peripheral nervous system. This study reports the alterations of calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) and substance P(SP) in the hindlimb ischemic model by immunohistochemical methods. In the control group, the CGRP and SP immunoreactivity was observed in nerve terminals of gastrocnemius muscle and its tendon. In the dorsal root ganglia, CGRP immunoreactivity was shown in the large A cell and small B cell. On the other hand, SP immunoreactvity was predominantly detected in small B cells. The CGRP immunoreactivity in the gastrocnemius muscle increased significantly in 2 hour ischemic group, but decreased in its tendon. The SP immunoreactivity, however, was declined in the gastrocnemius muscle as well as its tendon in 2 hour ischemic group. The CGRP immunoreactivity in the dorsal root ganglia was significantly decreased, particularly in large A cell, compared to the control group. The SP immunoreactivity in the dorsal root ganglia, on the other hand, was markedly increased. In conclusion, these results suggest that the ischemia may evoke the alteration of neurotransmitter expressions as well as the muscle degeneration, and that the changes of neuropeptide distribution induced by ischemia show the difference from the kind of neuropeptides.
Animals ; B-Lymphocytes ; Calcitonin ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; Ganglia, Spinal* ; Hand ; Hindlimb ; Ischemia* ; Muscle, Skeletal* ; Muscles ; Neuropeptides* ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Peripheral Nervous System ; Rats* ; Reperfusion ; Spinal Nerve Roots* ; Substance P ; Tendons

The 447 cases of skin tumors were studied at the departments of dermatology and surgical pathology, National Medical Center in Seoul during the period of 18 years and 8 months from January, 1959 to August, 1977. The results were as follows: 1) the total number of specimens surveyed in the study was 447, among which benign tumors accoungted for 234 cases and malignant tumors for 213. 2) Male to female ratio for benign tumors was 1.2:1 and for malignant tumors 2.2:1. 3) Among the 234 cases of benign tumors, 67 cases were epidermal cyst. 53 cases of hemangioma and 34 cases of pigmented neni. 4) Among the 2 cases of malignant melanoma. 5) The peak age incidence for benign tumors were below the 2nd decade, The peak ago incidence for malignant tumors were 50th decade. 6) the sites of predilection of the epidermal cysts were trunk, face and neck. The sites of predilection of the hemangiomas and pigmented nevi were face. 7) The sites of peredilection of the squamaous cell carcinomas were penis(27.1%), lower extremities(25.7%) and face(21.5%) The sites of predilection of the basal cell carcinomas were face(83.3%) 8) The ratio of squamous cell carcinoma ws basal cell careinoma was 4:1. 9) The accuracy of clinical dianosis were 42.7% for benign tumors and 79.3% for malignant tumors.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Dermatology ; Epidermal Cyst ; Female ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Melanoma ; Neck ; Nevus, Pigmented ; Pathology, Surgical ; Seoul ; Skin*

Ultrasonographic and radiographic findings in 72 cases of pelvic masses which have been provedhistopathologically were analyzed. The results were as follows; 1. Among 72 cases, 28 cases were uterine massesand 44 cases were adnexal masses. 2. Pathologic accuracies of ultrasonographic diagnosis were 64.3% in uterinemasses, 70.5% in adnexal masses, and 68.1% in all pelvic masses. 3. Plain or IVP findings were not specific indiagnosis and showed secondary mass effects or functional disturbances. 4. Because of its high accuracy ofpathologic diagnosis and safety, ultrasonography can be regared as the most valuable and preferential study. Butin cases of cystic myomas, endometrioses, cystic missed abortions and huge masses, the accurate diagnoses weredifficult.
Abortion, Missed ; Diagnosis ; Endometriosis ; Female ; Myoma ; Pregnancy ; Ultrasonography

We described the clinical manifestation of herpes zoster in thirteen children with underlying malignancies. Among the associated malignancies, hematologic malignancy including acute lymphotytic leukemia was the commonest and CNS tumors were also frequently associated. Pain was mild, and some showed high fever and abnormal liver function test results. Recurrent attacks were observed in 3 cases(23%). Thoracic segment and trigeminal nerve were commonly affected. In most cases, herpes zoster developed within two years after the diagnosis of the malignancy.
Child* ; Diagnosis ; Fever ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; Herpes Zoster* ; Humans ; Leukemia ; Liver Function Tests ; Trigeminal Nerve

This study was carried out to examine the effect of early excision and graft for the preservation of the maximal function on the dorsal hand with deep second degree and third degree flame burns. From December 1996 to October 1998, 11 flame burn patients admitted to our hospital burn unit. Nine patients had injured burns less than 20% Total Burn Surface Area, and 2 patients were 70% Total Burn Surface Area(mean 18.4%). We had performed the excision 3-8 days(mean 4.6 days) after burn injury. Ten (90.9%) of eleven patients survived, and 1 patient (Total Burn Surface Area 70%) died of sepsis after early excision. The duration of immobilization was 8-17 days (mean 11.5 days). Twelve months later, the range of motion in all patients has been continued to maintain nearly normal range of motion. We conclude that early excision and grafting was recommended as the preferred form of treatment in patients with deep second degree and third degree on the extensive flame burns of dorsal hand.
Burn Units ; Burns* ; Hand* ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Reference Values ; Sepsis ; Transplants*

BACKGROUND: Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) has been used to measure iron accumulation in the deep nuclei of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). This study examined the relationship between non-motor symptoms (NMSs) and iron accumulation in the deep nuclei of patients with PD. METHODS: The QSM data were acquired from 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 29 patients with early PD and 19 normal controls. The Korean version of the NMS scale (K-NMSS) was used for evaluation of NMSs in patients. The patients were divided into high NMS and low NMS groups. The region-of-interest analyses were performed in the following deep nuclei: red nucleus, substantia nigra pars compacta, substantia nigra pars reticulata, dentate nucleus, globus pallidus, putamen, and head of the caudate nucleus. RESULTS: Thirteen patients had high NMS scores (total K-NMSS score, mean = 32.1), and 16 had low NMS scores (10.6). The QSM values in the deep were not different among the patients with high NMS scores, low NMS scores, and controls. The QSM values were not correlated linearly with K-NMSS total score after adjusting the age at acquisition of brain MRI. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrated that the NMS burdens are not associated with iron accumulation in the deep nuclei of patients with PD. These results suggest that future neuroimaging studies on the pathology of NMSs in PD should use more specific and detailed clinical tools and recruit PD patients with severe NMSs.
Basal Ganglia ; Brain ; Caudate Nucleus ; Cerebellar Nuclei ; Globus Pallidus ; Head ; Humans ; Iron* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neuroimaging ; Parkinson Disease* ; Pars Compacta ; Pars Reticulata ; Pathology ; Putamen ; Red Nucleus

No abstract available.
Cicatrix* ; Contracture*

Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is an allergic skin disease with characteristic clinical features associated with immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. Identification of the causative allergens is the diagnostic goal, which is essential to treat and manage CAD patients. CAD is commonly associated with environmental allergens surrounding the patients. For this reason, it is important for diagnostic tests to select allergens that are related to the environment of each country and each province. There are two main allergen-specific tests, serological IgE test (SAT) and intradermal skin test (IDT). SAT did not show direct cutaneous reaction but did show serological reaction against allergens. However, SAT is simpler and more convenient than IDT in small animal practice. In this study, we selected domestically prevalent allergens for SAT, including 60 food allergens and 60 inhalant allergens, and tested eight dogs tentatively diagnosed with CAD based on Favrot's criteria. Furthermore, IDT was performed on four dogs from the SAT group for comparison of SAT and IDT, and the results were very similar. In SAT, four types of mites (Bloomia tropicalis, Glycophagus domesticus, Euroglyphus maynei, and mite mixture 1 Korea; house dust mites), four types of molds (Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria alternata, mold fungi mixture 11, mold fungi mixture), and one type of pollen (tree pollen mix 3 Korea) induced a reaction in more than half of dogs tested. In IDT, all four dogs reacted positively to Dermatophagoides farinae, and three reacted positively to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and house dust. The mean agreement rate between SAT and IDT in this study was 76.3%. This is the first trial to apply local allergens for SAT in Korean veterinary medicine, and it might play an important role for diagnoses and management of animal allergic diseases.
Allergens ; Alternaria ; Animals ; Antibodies ; Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Dermatophagoides farinae ; Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Dogs ; Dust ; Fungi ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E* ; Immunoglobulins* ; Korea ; Mites ; Pollen ; Prevalence* ; Pyroglyphidae ; Serologic Tests ; Skin Diseases ; Skin Tests ; Veterinary Medicine

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to clarify the incidence and role of microsatellite instability (MSI) in sporadic ovarian epithelial cancers (OEC). We investigated the MSI status and mismatch repair (MMR) protein expression in OEC. METHODS: MSI was examined by fluorescence- based polymerase chain reaction using five NCI panel markers (BAT25, BAT26, D2S123, D5S346 and D17S250) in 46 cases of OEC. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for hMLH1 and hMSH2 was performed. RESULTS: Seven cases (15.2%) exhibited high-frequency MSI (MSIH), one exhibited low-frequency MSI (MSI-L), and the remaining 38 demonstrated microsatellite stability (MSS). MSI-H in OEC was not associated with histologic grade, FIGO stage, tumor size, mitoses or histologic type. Loss of expression of either hMLH1 or hMSH2 was observed in 4 of the 7 (59.3%) MSI-H cases, whereas 4 of the 39 (10.3%) MSI-L or MSS tumors revealed loss of expression of MMR proteins. The sensitivity and specificity of immunohistochemistry for hMLH1 and hMSH2 were 57.1% and 89.7%. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that a genetic defect in the MMR system might play a role in the carcinogenesis of a minor subset of sporadic OEC however, immunohistochemical testing for hMLH1 and hMSH2 cannot accurately determine microsatellite instability status in OEC.
Carcinogenesis ; DNA Mismatch Repair ; Immunohistochemistry ; Incidence ; Microsatellite Instability* ; Microsatellite Repeats* ; Mitosis ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sensitivity and Specificity

A case of Diphyllobothrium latum infection in a 49-year old man is described, and diphyllobothriasis latum in the Republic of Korea is briefly reviewed. An incomplete strobila of a tapeworm, 95 cm in length, without scolex and neck, was spontaneously discharged in the feces of a patient. On the basis of morphologic characteristics of the worm and eggs, the worm was identified as D. latum. The patient was successfully treated with a single dose (15 mg/kg) of praziquantel. The most probable source of infection was salmon flesh according to the past history of the patient. The first case of D. latum infection was documented in 1971, and this is the 43rd recorded case in the Republic of Korea. The 43 cases were briefly reviewed. The patients' main complaints were gastrointestinal troubles, such as mild abdominal pain, indigestion, and diarrhea, and discharge of tapeworm segments in the feces. The suspected infection sources included raw or improperly cooked flesh of fresh or brackish water fish, including the perch, mullet, salmon, and trout.
Animals ; Anthelmintics/therapeutic use ; Diphyllobothriasis/drug therapy/*epidemiology/*parasitology ; Diphyllobothrium/anatomy & histology/*isolation & purification/pathogenicity ; Feces/parasitology ; Humans ; Korea/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Praziquantel/therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome