No abstract available.

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Blood Platelets* ; Humans ; Platelet Aggregation* ; Plateletpheresis* ; Tissue Donors*

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to measure macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGC-IPL) thickness in patients with a history of unilateral single attack of acute primary angle closure (APAC) and to compare it with that of unaffected fellow eyes 8 weeks after resolution using spectrum domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). METHODS: Medical records of 24 patients with history of first episode of unilateral APAC were reviewed retrospectively. Eight weeks after APAC, mGC-IPL thickness and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness were measured with SD-OCT and analyzed in eyes affected by APAC (group 1) and fellow eyes (group 2). RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the groups with regard to best corrected visual acuity, spherical equivalent, central corneal thickness, or axial length (p > 0.05). There were no significant differences in mGC-IPL thickness in the superotemporal, superior, or superonasal sectors (p > 0.05). However, average, inferonasal, inferior, and inferotemporal sectors of group 1 were significantly thinner than those of group 2 (p = 0.002, 0.002, 0.001, 0.001, respectively). In addition, average mGC-IPL difference between affected eyes and fellow eyes showed a statistically significant correlation with attack duration (correlation coefficient = 0.249, p = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS: Normalization of elevated intraocular pressure as soon as possible after APAC onset is recommended in order to reduce mGC-IPL loss, and measurements of mGC-IPL thickness can be helpful for follow-up of APAC patients.
Follow-Up Studies ; Ganglion Cysts ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Medical Records ; Nerve Fibers ; Retinaldehyde ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Visual Acuity

OBJECTIVE: Cadaver's sectioned images with high resolution and real color could be used as the source of realistic three-dimensional images. If the sectioned images are registered to a patient's MRIs, three-dimensional images with high resolution and real color that fit the patient, can be produced; the three-dimensional images enable realistic virtual surgery for the patient. The objective of this study was to verify the registration of a cadaver's sectioned images to a patient's head MRIs. METHODS: The sectioned images of the heads of cadaver were associated with segmented images selected at 3 mm intervals. The patient had his head MR scanned at 3 mm intervals; the MRIs were segmented. Software to register the cadaver's sectioned images to the patient's MRIs was developed. On this software, the corresponding dots were identified on both the sectioned images and the MRIs either manually or automatically using segmented images. RESULTS: The registered sectioned images corresponded to the patient's MRIs. Both manual and automatic registrations were satisfied. CONCLUSION: Further study is needed for registering sectioned images to actual patients.
Cadaver ; Head ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional

OBJECTIVE: After drawing and stacking contour of structures, which are identifed in the serially sectioned images, three-dimensional (3D) images can be made by surface reconstruction. The 3D images can be selected and rotated in a real time. The purpose of this research is to compose software of automatic surface reconstruction for making 3D images. METHODS: Contours of 55 structures in the 613 magnetic resonance images of whole body were drawn to make segmented images. We composed automatic software for stacking contours of a structure, for converting the contours into polygons, and for connecting vertices of the neighboring polygons to fill gaps between polygons with triangular surfaces. The surface reconstruction software was excuted to make 3D images of 55 structures. RESULTS: Virtual dissection software, on which 3D images could be selected and rotated, was composed. CONCLUSION: For other research, this like program can be composed for automatic surface reconstruction; several kinds of commercial software can be used for manual or automatic surface reconstruction. Investigators might choose one of the methods in consideration of their only circumstances.
Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Research Personnel

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the role of the CT scan in blunt hepatic injury and the significance of CT degree of hepatic injury in the decision making of treatment plan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analysed the CT findings of 22 patients with hepatic injury. We graded hepatic injury on CT scan into five according to the severity. Clinical records, type of management and clinical outcome of the patients were also reviewed. RESULTS: Of the 22 patients, 17 had conservative treatment and five had surgery. The numbers of patients treated conservatively were 0, 4, 11, 2 and 0 in the grade 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively and the numbers of surgically treated cases were 0, 0, 3, 2 and 0 respectively. There was no significant statistical difference between surgically and conservatively treated groups(p-value > 0.05). All patients with conservatively treated group were hemodynamically stable and had no complication during hospitalization. Hemoperitoneum was observed in 11 of 22 patients. CONCLUSION: In blunt hepatic injury, CT plays an important role in the demonstration of location and extent of the hepatic injury, size of hemoperitoneum and the post operative course. However, we believe that physiologic status of the patients may be more important than the extent of CT based hepatic injury for determining a mode of treatment.
Decision Making ; Hemoperitoneum ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND/AIMS: In HCC with low AFP. we have to use repeated imaging study to evaluate residual viable rumor or recurrence after TACE ( transarterial chemoembolization). We performed the study to know that sICAM-1 in HCC can be a tumor marker of diagnosis and has cor relation with tumor size or clinical staging. The results were compared with PIVKA- , an another tumor marker of HCC. METHODS: Previously untreat ed 39 pat ients with HCC were evaluated. Serum sICAM- 1, AFP and PIVKA-II were measured by EIA, immunoradiometric assay and EIA, respectively. Tumor size were meas ured by abdominal CT and angiogr aphy. RESULTS: Range of sICAM- 1 levels with HCC patients were 189.0 to 983.6 ng/ mL, and mean value was 668.3+- 254.4 ng/ mL. Thirty four of the 39 patients (87.2%) with HCC showed sICAM- 1 levels higher than 306.4 ng/ mL (mean of 131 healt hy controls + 2SD level). Range of PIVKA-II level with HCC patients were 25.3 to 2,779.3mAU/nL, and mean value was 1,340.1+-1,091.1mAU/mL. seven of the 39 patients(94.9%) with HCC showde PIVKA-II levels higher than 40mAU/mL. Range of AFP levels with HCC patients were 4.2 to 57,520ng/mL, and mean value was 4,215.6+-10,807.2ng/mL. 10 patients (26%) showed AFP lower than 20ng/mL, and 17 patients(44%) were AFP lower than 100ng/mL. All of the 17 patients with alphaFP lower than 100ng/mL had s ICAM-1 levels more than reference range (mean of 131 healt hy cont r ols + 2 SD level), and PIVKA-II levels also more than reference range. Positive correlation was observed between PIVKA-II level and tumor size in 18 patients without vascular invasion. Accor ding t o HCC clinical staging, 10 patients (25.6%) belonged clinical stage II. 5 pat ients (12.8%) III, 24 pat ients (61.5%) IV. Both of PIVKA-II and sICAM-1 levels of stage showed significantly higher than stage II. PIVKA-II showed more positive correlation with tumor size and clinical stage than sICAM- 1. No correlation was found between AFP and sICAM-1, and positive correlation was AFP and PIVKA-II. CONCLUSION: In HCC patients with low AFP, sICAM-1 and PIVKA-II correlated with tumor size and clinical stage. sICAM-1 and PIVKA-II may be a useful marker of diagnosis. So, we need to further study to evaluate whether sICAM- 1 and PIVKA-II can be used as a marker of disease progression or prognosis.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Diagnosis ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Immunoradiometric Assay ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1* ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Reference Values ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Humans ; Biomarkers, Tumor*

BACKGROUND: Recent studies suggest that additional use of alfentanil could provide the best condition for the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion. The aim of this study is to compare the median effective dose (ED50) of propofol for the classic LMA insertion and the insertion condition following between fentanyl and alfentanil adjuvant. METHODS: We enrolled 53 patients scheduled for minor surgery under general anesthesia. Patients were randomly allocated to the fentanyl group (n = 24) and the alfentanil group (n = 29) in double blind manner. For fentanyl group, 1microgram/kg of fentanyl was injected intravenously 90 sec before propofol. The afentanil group received 4microgram/kg of alfentanil and propofol coincidently. The insertion of LMA was attempted 90 sec after propofol administration. In accordance with Dixon's up-and-down method, the dose of propofol for consecutive patients in each group was varied with increments or decrements of 0.5 mg/kg based on the previous insertion results of patients. RESULTS: In the fentanyl and alfentanil group, the ED50 of propofol for LMA insertion according to Dixon's method was 2.0 +/- 0.3 mg/kg and 1.8 +/- 0.3 mg/kg, respectively. In addition, the ED50 of propofol of the fentanyl and alfentanil group according to probit regression model, 1.7 mg/kg (95% confidence interval, 1.2-2.2) and 1.7 mg/kg (1.3-2.0) were calculated respectively. There is no significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant difference in propofol ED50 for insertion of LMA and insertion condition between the alfentanil and the fentanyl group.
Alfentanil* ; Anesthesia, General ; Fentanyl* ; Humans ; Laryngeal Masks ; Propofol* ; Surgical Procedures, Minor