No abstract available.
Wilms Tumor*

No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast*

No abstract available.
Myasthenia Gravis*

No abstract available.
Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic*

No abstract available.
Liver*

Chordoma arising from the notochordal remnants is a rare primary bone tumor in the cervicosacral region and is even more unusual in the thoracic region. The authors experienced a case of thoracic chordoma and report its CT and MR findings.
Chordoma* ; Notochord

Chordoma arising from the notochordal remnants is a rare primary bone tumor in the cervicosacral region and is even more unusual in the thoracic region. The authors experienced a case of thoracic chordoma and report its CT and MR findings.
Chordoma* ; Notochord

Hertel and Naugle exophthalmometers were used to compare the variability and reproducibility, produced by various observers. Five examiners measured fifty two eyes of twenty-six normal subjects each by using two different exophthalmometers, respectively. The average coefficient of variation among five measurements was 5.6% in the right eye, 5.2% in the left eye and 2.1% in base line by Hertel exophthalmometer. The average coefficient of variation measured by Naugle exophthalmometer was 1.9% in both eyes and 0.8% in pupillary distance. In conclusion, Naugle exophthalmometer showed less variability and better reproducibility; it is more appropriate for comparative exophthalmetry.
Reading*

Objective: We investigated whether circle of Willis (COW) morphology on 3D time-of-flight (TOF) MR angiography differs between young normal subjects, older normal subjects, and patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaques. Methods: One hundred seventy-seven subjects were grouped according to age into a young group (20 – 40 years; n = 91) and an older group (> 60 years; n = 86). Subjects underwent brain MR examination as part of a health check-up. Fifty-three patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaque were also included for evaluation in this study. COW morphology on 3D TOF MR angiography was analyzed in terms of completeness or incompleteness of the anterior and posterior components of the circle and completeness of the circle. Results: An incomplete pattern of anterior circulation was significantly more common in carotid atherosclerotic plaque patients (20.7%) than normal older subjects (5.5%) (p < 0.01). A complete posterior circulation pattern was more frequent in normal young subjects (46.5%) than in normal older subjects (16.5%) or the patient group (18.9%) (p < 0.01). Of patients with carotid artery stenosis, 18.9% had a bilateral incomplete connection and were significantly more likely to have an incomplete pattern than normal young (2.3%) or normal older subjects (2.2%) (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Young, healthy subjects were significantly more likely to have a complete pattern of posterior circulation than older subjects. Patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaques were significantly more likely to have incomplete anterior circulation and an incomplete circle than young, normal subjects.
Circle of Willis

PURPOSE: We intended to investigate the clinical features and the predictors of febrile seizure plus(FS+), not suspected of generalized epilepsy with febrile seizure plus (GEFS+). METHODS: We selected 24 patients, aged more than 6 years old, who were admitted to Myongji Hospital of Kwandong University from January, 2001 to March, 2005 due to febrile seizures. All of those had neither a family history of febrile seizures or epilepsy nor abnormalities in the EEG or MRI. We examined sex, age of seizure onset, type of seizure, duration of seizure, the time until seizure after fever and frequency of febrile seizure. We investigated also the statistical significances of these clinical features by comparing with patients of simple febrile seizure(FS) as a control group. RESULTS: The male to female of the FS+ group was 2:1, which had no statistical significance compared with the FS. The age of seizure onsets in the FS+(39.4+/-5.0 months) was significantly older than FS the group(24.1+/-2.1 months)(P<0.05). In the types of seizures, non-generalized tonic clonic seizures occurred significantly more often in the FS+ group(20.9%) than the FS(8.4%)(P<0.05). The frequency of febrile seizures also was high in the FS+ group(n=3.2+/-0.8) than the FS group(n=1.1+/-0.1)(P<0.05). The duration of seizures and the time until seizure after fever did not have statistical significance. CONCLUSION: We suggest that FS+ can be characterized by late onsets of initial seizures, more frequent non-generalized tonic clonic seizures and recurrent febrile seizures. Therefore, FS+ should be suspected for patients more than 4 years old with non-generalized tonic clonic seizures or recurrent febrile seizures of more than 4 times.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy ; Epilepsy, Generalized ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Seizures ; Seizures, Febrile*