The purpose of the study was to test the effect of the health promotion program in middle women. The research design was a quasi experimental, nonequivalent control-group pretest-posttest design. The data were collected from February 24 to April 14, 1988. The subjects were midlife women, age 40 to 50 years who reside in Chonju city. The experimental group consisted of 41 subjects and the control group 40 subjects. The instruments used for the study were the Self Efficacy Scale and the Health Promotion Behavior Scale developed by Park(1995). The data was analyzed by SPSS/PC. The study result were as follows: Through the 7 week education program for health promotion, self efficacy and health behavior were effectively changed in middle-aged.
Education ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Health Promotion* ; Humans ; Jeollabuk-do ; Research Design ; Self Efficacy

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to identify the status of performance on standard precautions among nursing students and to examine the mediating effects of internal health locus of control on the relationship between awareness and performance on standard precautions of hospital-acquired infection control. METHODS: The participants in this study were 134 nursing students. The measurements included a standard precautions awareness and performance scale, and a multidimensional health locus of control scale. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and simple and multiple regression techniques. Mediation analysis was performed by the Baron and Kenny's method and Sobel test. RESULTS: The mean score of standard awareness, standard performance, and internal health locus of control about standard precaution were 174.30±9.08; 169.48±12.04; and 20.43±2.82; respectively. There was a positive correlation between standard awareness and performance (r=.414, p<.001). Also, standard awareness was significantly correlated with internal health locus of control (r=.413, p=.014). Internal health locus of control showed partial mediating effects in the relationship between awareness and performance. CONCLUSION: The results indicate a need to improve the internal health locus of control of nursing students. Therefore, an internal health locus of control improvement program should improve performance on standard precautions for patients and themselves.
Cross Infection ; Humans ; Infection Control* ; Internal-External Control* ; Methods ; Negotiating* ; Nursing* ; Students, Nursing* ; Universal Precautions

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the factors influencing the competence in intensive and critical care nursing of senior nursing students. METHODS: A descriptive survey was used to examine the factors that influence competence in intensive and critical care nursing. The data were collected using self-administered questionnaires; 237 senior nursing students were asked about general characteristics, critical thinking, communication competence, self-esteem, self-resilience, and self-leadership. RESULTS: Multiple regression analysis indicated that self-leadership, self-esteem, and confidence in intensive care unit practice predicted the competence in intensive and critical care nursing (37.8% of explanatory power). Critical thinking, communication competence, and self-resilience were not shown to be significant predictors of, but were positively correlated with, the competence in intensive and critical care nursing. CONCLUSION: Based on the results, it is suggested that self-leadership, self-esteem, and confidence in intensive care unit practice should be considered in nursing education in order to improve nursing students' level of competence in intensive and critical care nursing.
Clinical Competence ; Critical Care Nursing* ; Critical Care* ; Education, Nursing ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Mental Competency* ; Nursing* ; Students, Nursing* ; Thinking

No abstract available.
Gestational Age* ; Intracranial Hemorrhages*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the degree of intensive and critical care nursing competence in senior nursing students. METHODS: The research method for this study comprised a descriptive survey study with a convenience sample of 113 senior nursing students from one university. The instrument entitled ICCN-CS-1, which measures intensive and critical care nursing competence, was translated by the authors following WHO guidelines for translation process. The data were collected using ICCN-CS-1. RESULTS: The mean score of intensive and critical care nursing was above the intermediate level. The competence indices of knowledge, skill and attitude/value were also above the intermediate level, which suggests that their competence is good. For two intensive and critical care nursing domains, the nursing students' mean score of clinical competence is higher than that of professional competence. The competence of intensive and critical care is also influenced by nursing students' satisfaction in their major and clinical practice as well as their confidence in clinical practice. CONCLUSION: The senior nursing students' competence of intensive and critical care nursing is above the intermediate level. A consideration of the influencing factors of satisfaction of nursing major/ICU practice and confidence of ICU practice is needed in intensive and critical care nursing education.
Clinical Competence ; Critical Care Nursing* ; Critical Care* ; Education ; Humans ; Mental Competency* ; Methods ; Nursing* ; Professional Competence ; Students, Nursing

Under certain pathophysiological conditions, such as inflammation and ischemia, the concentration of H+ ion in the tissue surrounding neurons is changed. Variations in H+ concentration are known to alter the conduction and/of the gating properties of several types of ion channels. Several types of K+ channels are modulated by pH. In this study, the whole cell configuration of the patch clamp technique has been applied to the recording of the responses of change of external pH on the delayed rectifier K+ current of cultured DRG neurons of rat. Outward K+ currents were examined in DRG cells, and the Charybdotoxin and Mn2+ could eliminate Ca2+-dependent K+ currents from outward K+ currents. This outward K+ current was activated around -60 mV by step depolarizing pulses from holding potential -70 mV. Outward K+ currents were decreased by low external pH. Activation and steady-state inactivation curve were shifted to the right by acidification, while there was small change by alkalization. These results suggest that H+ could be alter the sensory modality by changing and modifying voltage-dependent K+ currents, which participated in repolarization.
Animals ; Charybdotoxin ; Diagnosis-Related Groups ; Ganglia, Spinal* ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration* ; Inflammation ; Ion Channels ; Ischemia ; Neurons ; Rats* ; Spinal Nerve Roots*

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the effects of infection control fatigue and social support on burnout among nurses during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: This study is a descriptive survey study designed to confirm the effects of nurses' infection control fatigue and social support on burnout among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. The collected data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard devia analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, independent t-test, One-way ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression analysis using SPSS Statistics 26.0. Results: An analysis of the correlations between fatigue from infection control, social support, and burnout showed a positive correlation between burnout and fatigue from infection control (r=.39, p<.001), and a negative correlation between burnout and social support (r=-.29, p<.001). Conflict and lack of support due to uncertain circumstances (β=.51, p<.001), support from supervisor's (β=-.22, p<.001), and experience of infection management education during the previous 1year (β=-.15, p=.007) were identified as the factors that influenced burnout among nurses, and explained 39.0% of the variance in burnout. Conclusion The results of this study demonstrate that fatigue from infection control and social support influence burnout levels among nurses, which suggests the need to establish a new kind of work culture. Additionally, the findings call for the development and implementation of interventional programs that can reduce fatigue from infection control and increase social support for nurses.

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effects of the oral care program for improving swallowing function of the elderly using welfare centers on depression, self efficacy, subjective oral health status and swallowing related quality of life. Methods: The intervention in this study was systematically developed through the six stages of Intervention Mapping Protocol (IMP) and was based on Mead’s symbolic interaction theory and Bandura's self efficacy theory. A non equivalent control group pre and post-test design was conducted on a total of 37 elderly people (experimental group: 19, control group: 18) from D city. The oral care program was administered to the experimental group once a week for five weeks, totaling five times, and the exact program ran for 50 minutes. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. Results: Following the intervention, subjective oral health score, and swallowing related quality of life were significantly improved in the experimental group. Conclusion The oral care program presented in this study was found to be effective in increasing subjective oral health status, and swallowing related quality of life for the elderly using welfare centers.

Mediastinal masses may cause life-threatening complications such as major airways obstruction, superior vena caval obstruction, and cardiac compression during general anesthesia. We present a case in which superior vena caval and airway obstruction developed at induction of anesthesia in a patient with an anterior mediastinal mass. Shortly after induction of anesthesia in the supine position, the patient became difficult to ventilate and blood began to flow upward into the IV line. The patient was immediately turned to the right lateral position and allowed to breathe spontaneously. The ventilation of patient was improved significantly and cyanosis of the face and upper extremities disappeared. We think that general anesthesia should be avoided if at all possible in patients with mediastinal mass and alternative methods of diagnosis and management are discussed.
Airway Obstruction* ; Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, General ; Cyanosis ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Supine Position ; Upper Extremity ; Ventilation

Postoperative hypertension occurs often in hypertensive patients due to pain, hypercapnia, hypoxemia, or excessive intravascular fluid volume. In addition, tracheal extubation exacerbates hypertension and tachycardia, which leads to left ventricular failure, myocardial infarction, or cerebral hemorrhage. We experienced a case of recurrent intracerebral hemorrhage after extubation in the postanesthetic care unit. The patient was 50-year old female who underwent total abdominal hysterectomy. Three months ago, she suffered a hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage with conservative treatment. Anesthesia induction and intraoperative course were relatively uneventful. In the postanesthetic care unit, she had voluntary movement of all limbs to command and fully awake consciousness. Immediately after tracheal extubation, the blood pressure was increased sharply to 200/110 mmHg. After then, the patient's mental status was deteriorated and the motor weakness of left extremities was developed. Brain CT showed a hypertensive hemorrhage at the right putamen and emergency stereotaxic aspiration was performed. After rehabilitative treatment, the patient was discharged with alert mental status and moderate improvement of motor weakness.
Airway Extubation ; Anesthesia ; Anoxia ; Blood Pressure ; Brain ; Cerebral Hemorrhage* ; Consciousness ; Emergencies ; Extremities ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypercapnia ; Hypertension ; Hysterectomy ; Intracranial Hemorrhage, Hypertensive ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; Putamen ; Tachycardia