PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify awareness and knowledge about hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among North Korean immigrants who had resided in South Korea. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional, community based study. Data were collected from a convenience sample of 198 North Korean immigrants aged 18 years old through 65 years old among those who had attended community centers, local churches, and gathering places in four cities. The questionnaire included 15 items about participants' knowledge on HBV infection and its consequences, mode of transmission, and preventive measures. RESULTS: The mean score of HBV knowledge was 6.3±3.8 (range 0~15). The items that over 60% of the respondents checked correct answer regarding knowledge about HBV were 'There is blood screening for hepatitis B infection', 'Hepatitis B can be transmitted through sharing needles with infected person'. Multivariate analysis showed that received education for the prevention of HBV infection and disease morbidity were significantly associated with the knowledge of HBV infection. Overall, approximately 11% of total variability in the knowledge of HBV infection could be explained by the 2 variables in this model (R²=.109, p<.001). CONCLUSION: The results showed that North Korean immigrants need more education on HBV infection and prevention to improve their knowledge about HBV.
Education ; Emigrants and Immigrants* ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Multivariate Analysis ; Needles ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Transposases*

The most common adverse effect of intravenous heparin is hemorrhage. Of the these, retroperitoneal hemorrhage and femoral neuropathy secondary to heparin anticoagulation has reported in 1966 for the first time by DeBolt and Jordan. We experienced a case of spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrhage due to iliopsoas muscle hematoma in patient with myocardial infarction receiving intravenous heparin for a 3 days in therapeutic doses. The pathophysiology of iliopsoas muscle hematoma has not yet been cleared. But because of the possibility of large amount in volume, retroperitoneal hemorrhage has been known as a serious adverse effect that leads to the hypovolemic shock and death. In this article, we described the clinical manifestation, the importance of the early diagnosis and diagnostic clues and associated factors of the retroperitoneal hemorrhage in patient receiving intravenous heparin.
Early Diagnosis ; Femoral Neuropathy ; Hematoma* ; Hemorrhage* ; Heparin* ; Humans ; Jordan ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Shock

Extramedullary hematopoiesis occurring in multiple organs such as thorax, liver and both kidneys is an unusual condition. We report the CT findings of this condition with review of literature. The lesions consisted of intrathoracic paravertebral masses, focal intrahepatic mass and masses of both pelvocalyceal systems on CT scans.
Biopsy ; Case Report ; Female ; Hematopoiesis, Extramedullary+ACo- ; Human ; Kidney/radiography ; Kidney/physiopathology ; Liver/radiography ; Liver/physiopathology ; Liver/pathology ; Mediastinum/radiography ; Mediastinum/physiopathology ; Middle Age ; Myelofibrosis/physiopathology+ACo- ; Thorax ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Extramedullary hematopoiesis occurring in multiple organs such as thorax, liver and both kidneys is an unusual condition. We report the CT findings of this condition with review of literature. The lesions consisted of intrathoracic paravertebral masses, focal intrahepatic mass and masses of both pelvocalyceal systems on CT scans.
Biopsy ; Case Report ; Female ; Hematopoiesis, Extramedullary+ACo- ; Human ; Kidney/radiography ; Kidney/physiopathology ; Liver/radiography ; Liver/physiopathology ; Liver/pathology ; Mediastinum/radiography ; Mediastinum/physiopathology ; Middle Age ; Myelofibrosis/physiopathology+ACo- ; Thorax ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Purpose: To determine the effects of a foot care program on hospitalization stress, self-esteem, and self-care agency for patients with schizophrenia in a closed psychiatric ward. Methods: An embedded mixed-method design was used, applying a non-equivalent control group pre-post design and qualitative content analysis. Participants were 25 patients with schizophrenia in a closed ward (experimental group: 13, control group: 12). The foot care program was conducted 12 times over 4 weeks. Data were collected from June 5, 2023, to September 29, 2023. Results: Study results revealed that the foot care program was effective in reducing hospitalization stress (Z=-2.75, p=.006), increasing self-esteem (Z=-3.99, p<.001), and improving self-care agency (Z=-2.89, p=.003) for hospitalized patients with schizophrenia. Qualitative analysis identified 3 main categories and 9 subcategories related to the program participation experience. Conclusion Results of this study suggest that a foot care program can be an effective mental health nursing intervention to reduce hospitalization stress and improve self-esteem and self-care agency in hospitalized patients with schizophrenia.

Purpose: To determine the effects of a foot care program on hospitalization stress, self-esteem, and self-care agency for patients with schizophrenia in a closed psychiatric ward. Methods: An embedded mixed-method design was used, applying a non-equivalent control group pre-post design and qualitative content analysis. Participants were 25 patients with schizophrenia in a closed ward (experimental group: 13, control group: 12). The foot care program was conducted 12 times over 4 weeks. Data were collected from June 5, 2023, to September 29, 2023. Results: Study results revealed that the foot care program was effective in reducing hospitalization stress (Z=-2.75, p=.006), increasing self-esteem (Z=-3.99, p<.001), and improving self-care agency (Z=-2.89, p=.003) for hospitalized patients with schizophrenia. Qualitative analysis identified 3 main categories and 9 subcategories related to the program participation experience. Conclusion Results of this study suggest that a foot care program can be an effective mental health nursing intervention to reduce hospitalization stress and improve self-esteem and self-care agency in hospitalized patients with schizophrenia.

Purpose: To determine the effects of a foot care program on hospitalization stress, self-esteem, and self-care agency for patients with schizophrenia in a closed psychiatric ward. Methods: An embedded mixed-method design was used, applying a non-equivalent control group pre-post design and qualitative content analysis. Participants were 25 patients with schizophrenia in a closed ward (experimental group: 13, control group: 12). The foot care program was conducted 12 times over 4 weeks. Data were collected from June 5, 2023, to September 29, 2023. Results: Study results revealed that the foot care program was effective in reducing hospitalization stress (Z=-2.75, p=.006), increasing self-esteem (Z=-3.99, p<.001), and improving self-care agency (Z=-2.89, p=.003) for hospitalized patients with schizophrenia. Qualitative analysis identified 3 main categories and 9 subcategories related to the program participation experience. Conclusion Results of this study suggest that a foot care program can be an effective mental health nursing intervention to reduce hospitalization stress and improve self-esteem and self-care agency in hospitalized patients with schizophrenia.

Purpose: To determine the effects of a foot care program on hospitalization stress, self-esteem, and self-care agency for patients with schizophrenia in a closed psychiatric ward. Methods: An embedded mixed-method design was used, applying a non-equivalent control group pre-post design and qualitative content analysis. Participants were 25 patients with schizophrenia in a closed ward (experimental group: 13, control group: 12). The foot care program was conducted 12 times over 4 weeks. Data were collected from June 5, 2023, to September 29, 2023. Results: Study results revealed that the foot care program was effective in reducing hospitalization stress (Z=-2.75, p=.006), increasing self-esteem (Z=-3.99, p<.001), and improving self-care agency (Z=-2.89, p=.003) for hospitalized patients with schizophrenia. Qualitative analysis identified 3 main categories and 9 subcategories related to the program participation experience. Conclusion Results of this study suggest that a foot care program can be an effective mental health nursing intervention to reduce hospitalization stress and improve self-esteem and self-care agency in hospitalized patients with schizophrenia.

PURPOSE: There are few reports about the natural history of patients with pseudoprecocious puberty due to autonomous ovarian cyst. We reviewed the clinical course of 7 patients who had autonomous ovarian cysts and signs of precocious puberty. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 7 children, aged 2.8 to 7.9 years, who were diagnosed with pseudoprecocious puberty due to autonomous ovarian cysts from November 2005 to May 2011. The follow-up durations ranged from 0.5 to 6.3 years. RESULTS: Four out of 7 patients showed elevated serum estrogen levels and all revealed prepubertal response of gonadotropin to GnRH stimulation at diagnosis. The size of the cysts was from 1.7 to 4.6 cm on pelvic ultrasound examination. After 1 to 3 months, the ovarian cysts disappeared in all patients. Three of the girls developed relapsing signs of precocious puberty (vaginal bleeding and breast budding). Two of them showed an increase in growth velocity and bone age due to recurrent ovarian cysts, and one of them was converted to true precocious puberty. CONCLUSION: In our cases, all patients with autonomous ovarian cysts resolved spontaneously. However, some showed frequent recurrence of ovarian cysts, and needed a longer follow up because of the possibility of conversion to true precocious puberty and signs of McCune-Albright syndrome.
Aged ; Breast ; Child ; Estrogens ; Female ; Fibrous Dysplasia, Polyostotic ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Gonadotropins ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Natural History ; Ovarian Cysts ; Puberty ; Puberty, Precocious ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies