Urethral stricture usually follows the urethral rupture and periodical urethral soundation, which is an annoying procedure for. patients, is the usual method of treatment throughout their life. A case of urethral stricture who was successfully treated with modified Cecil's Operation, is presented.
Humans ; Rupture ; Urethral Stricture*

Cerbral embolism in the patient with rheumatic heart disease is a serious complication and has poor prognosis. In view of the abundance of rheumatic heart disease in Korea, a retrospective clinical study was done on 49 cases of cerebral embolism with rheumatic heart disease admitted to Severance Hospital from 1970 through 1977. The resultls were as follows; 1. The age distribution of the 49 patients ranged from 20 to 70 years and the mean age was 48.7 years. Twenty-five patients, more than half of the total number, were in their 5th and 6th decades, and the peak of the incidence was in the 6th decade. Male to female ratio was 1:1.3. 2. Mitral stenosis was by far the most predominant valvular lesion representing 33 of the 49 cases, and 25 of the 33 patients had "pure" mitral stenosis. Mitral valve involvement represented 43 of the 49 cases. 3. Seventeen of the total 49 cases were in regular sinus rhythm whereas 32 of the 49 were in atrial fibrillation at the time of admission. 4. Twenty-two of the 49 patients expired during the hospitalization whereas only six made complete recovery and the other 21 made variable degrees of recovery. The anticoagulant treatment did not appear to make any significant difference in the mortality probably due to inadequacy of timing, completeness and followup.
Age Distribution ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Embolism ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intracranial Embolism* ; Korea ; Male ; Mitral Valve ; Mitral Valve Stenosis ; Mortality ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Rheumatic Heart Disease*

The 24 cases of primary optic neuritis diagnosed by pattern shifted visual evoked potential (PSVEP) were studied and the following results were obtained. 1 The sex ratio was equal but over sixties of age all patients were male. Fifty percent of patients developed from 10 years to 30 years old with peak incidence of age. 2. Among 24 patients, 8 patients were diagnosed within 1 month, 9 patients from 1 to 6 months, and 7 aptients after 1 year. 3. The visual disturbance developed in all cases, but eye ball pain in one case. 4. The visual acuity of 36 years of optic neuritis revealed below 0.4 in 80%, but over 0.8 in 3 cases. 5. Among 6 patients who developed symptom at left side only, 4 patients revealed abnormal PSVEP at left side only but 2 patient revealed abnormal PSVEP at right side only, but 1 patient abnormal PSVEP bilaterally; among 11 patients who developed symptom bilaterally, 9 patients revealed abnormal PSVEP bilaterally, but 1 patient left side only and 1 patient right side only. 6. Among 7 patients who developed abnormal fundus finding at left side only, 4 patients revealed abnormal PSVEP at left side only but 3 patients bilaterally; among 7 patients who developed abnormal fundus finding at right side only, 6 patients revealed abnormal PSVEP at right side only but 1 patient bilaterally; among 10 patients who developed abnormal fundus finding bilatreally, 8 patients revealed abnormal PSVEP bilaterally, but I patient left side only and 1 patient right side only. 7. Forteen patient with corticosteriod treatment, 7 patients improved and almost improved patients were female below 40 years old.
Adult ; Evoked Potentials, Visual* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Optic Neuritis* ; Patient Rights ; Sex Ratio ; Visual Acuity

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Tarsal tunnel syndrome is a rare compressive neuropathy. Reported cases of the tarsal tunnel syndrome in Korea were diagnosed by conventional nerve conduction and EMG studies, so their sensitivity was low and the differentiation from similar disorder such as lumbosacral radiculopathy was difficult. We report the usefulness of the interdigital nerve conduction study by using needle recording electrodes in the tarsal tunnel syndrome. METHODS: Sensory compound nerve action potentials were recorded orthodromically using the near-nerve needle and signal averaging techniques. Active and reference recording electrodes were inserted behind the medial malleolus above the flexor retinaculum. When the great toe was contracting minimally with less than 3mA for a stimulus of 0.05ms duration, the needle was considered to be adequately positioned. The first and fifth digital nerves were stimulated with ring electrodes and various interdigital nerves with interdigital stimulating surface electrodes which were specially designed. Averaged sensory action potential were recorded 3 times and superimposed after 64 stimuli per each time of recording. Amplitude of sensory nerve action potential, sensory nerve conduction velocity, and the presence of the temporal dispersion were checked. The results were as follow, 1. The causes of the 775 were trauma in 3 cases, sprain in 2 cases, unknown in 5 cases. 2. Associated disease were radiculopathy in 6 cases, rheumatoid arthritis In 1 case, carpal tunnel syndrome In 1 case. 3. Clinical findings included pain on the in 5 cases, tingling sensation in 4 cases, hyperesthesia in 4 cases, numbness in 2 cases and Tinnel's sign in 2 4. Five cases showed absent potential, 5 cases low amplitude, 4 cases dispersion, 2 cases slow nerve conduction velocity and 2 cases low amplitude and slow nerve conduction velocity by Interdigital nerve condution study. 5. Five lumbosacral radiculopathy without tarsal tunnel syndrome showed normal results in interdigital nerve conduction test. We concluded that interdigital nerve conduction test using needle recording electrode is useful methods of diagnosing tarsal tunnel syndrome as well as differentiating to other disorders having similar symptoms.
Action Potentials ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ; Electrodes ; Hyperesthesia ; Hypesthesia ; Korea ; Needles ; Neural Conduction ; Radiculopathy ; Sensation ; Sprains and Strains ; Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome* ; Toes

Fifty eight diabetic patients and 20 normal controls were studied by the method of nerve conduction studies(NCS) and sudomotor skin reponse(SSR), and the following results were obtained. 1. SSR was easily obtainable in all normal control. 2. The patients with abnormal NCV showed more numbers of abnormal SSR than the pat ients with normal NCV. 3. The patients with abnormal SSR were significantly older than the patient with normal SSR, but duration of disease was not different between the patients with normal SSR and with abnormal SSR. 4. The levels of sugar at fasting and postprandial 2 hours, and level of HbAlC in serum were not different between the patients of norrnal SSR and of abnormal SSR. 5. The incidence of autonomic symptoms, such as syncope, sweating abnormality, impotence in male, urinary disturbance, postural hypotension, was not different between the patient of norrnal SSR and of abnormal SSR. 6. Among the patients of diabets, the number of abnormal nerves in terminal latency motor and sensory nerve condcution velocity, and amplitude of compound motor and nerve action potentiaL were significantly correlated with the number of abnormal nerves in SSR. 7. The absolute values of motor terminal latency, motor and sensory conduction velocity and amplitude of compound motor and sensory action potential in the patient of abnormal SSR were significanly decreased thai. The patients with norrnal SSR. The values of terminal latency in abnormal SSR were significanly prolonged than the patients with normal SSR We concluded that the SSR test is a valuabe one for early detection of sympathetic nerve invasion in the diabetes' patients.
Action Potentials ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Diabetic Neuropathies* ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Fasting ; Humans ; Hypotension, Orthostatic ; Incidence ; Male ; Neural Conduction* ; Skin* ; Sweat ; Sweating ; Syncope

We report one case with the occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery and the left renal artery in the mitral stenosis with the review of the literatures.
Mesenteric Artery, Superior* ; Mitral Valve Stenosis* ; Renal Artery*

We report serial change of nerve conduction tests, somatosensory evoked potentials and brainstem auditory evoked pontenials in a case of puffer fish poisoning, who recovered completely from comatous state with respiratory and generalized muscle paralysis.
Brain Stem ; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory ; Neural Conduction ; Paralysis ; Poisoning* ; Tetraodontiformes*

Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a rare hereditary disorder and becomes clinically apparent during adolescence or in childhood and progresses s1owly throughout the adult years with a variability in the severity of expression. We experienced 3 cases of hereditary spastic paraplegia. Cases 1 and 2, which were pure HSP, had only the signs and symptoms of corticospinal tract involvement with the positive family history, and case 3, which was a complicated case of HSP, had distal muscle wasting, dysarthria, signs and symptoms of the corticospinal tracts, and a positive family history. All are thought to be inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern.
Adult ; Female ; Human ; Male ; Middle Age ; Muscle Spasticity/genetics ; Paraplegia/genetics*

The frequency and the correlation to leukoariosis were evaluated in the l00 cases of hypertension, in the 46 cases of diabetes mellitus and in 50 controls. The results were as follows: 1. The frequencies of leukoaraiosis were 35% in hypertension, 15% in diabetes mellitus and 4% in control. And there is significant difference in the frequency of leukoaraiosis between hypertension and control 2. The severity of leukoaraiosis significantly correlated with the level of diastolic blood poressure( p<0.05).
Diabetes Mellitus* ; Hypertension* ; Leukoaraiosis* ; Risk Factors*

We report clinical and electrophysiological findings in the four patients of anterior tarsal tunnel syndrome. All four patients, there was decreased pinprick sensation at the 1st interdigital space and limitation of digital dorsiflexion with atrophy of extensor digitorum brevis. Nerve conduction tests in the superficial peroneal, tibial and sural nerve were normal, but in the common peroneal nerve, the compound muscle action potential was decreased, while nerve conduction velocity between the knee and the ankle was normal with prolonged or upper normal limited terminal latency. Denervation potentials or giant MUPs had been found in the extensor digitonn brevis muscle, but absent in the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus muscles.
Action Potentials ; Ankle ; Atrophy ; Denervation ; Humans ; Knee ; Muscles ; Neural Conduction ; Peroneal Nerve ; Sensation ; Sural Nerve ; Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome*