Purpose: : This study aimed to examine the effects of the awareness of patient safety culture, emotional labor, and job stress on patient safety nursing activities by comprehensive nursing care medical service ward nurses. Methods: : The participants were 112 nurses from the comprehensive nursing care service wards from six hospitals. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using a t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis using SPSS version 20.0. Results: : The factors that significantly influenced patient safety nursing activities in the comprehensive nursing care medical service ward nurses included job stress (β=-0.18, p<.032) and awareness of patient safety culture (β=0.54, p<.001). The explanatory power of these factors was 31.0% (F=13.43, p<.001). Conclusion : This study showed that the factors that influenced patient safety management activities of comprehensive nursing care medical service ward nurses included job stress and awareness of patient safety culture.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify awareness and knowledge about hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among North Korean immigrants who had resided in South Korea. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional, community based study. Data were collected from a convenience sample of 198 North Korean immigrants aged 18 years old through 65 years old among those who had attended community centers, local churches, and gathering places in four cities. The questionnaire included 15 items about participants' knowledge on HBV infection and its consequences, mode of transmission, and preventive measures. RESULTS: The mean score of HBV knowledge was 6.3±3.8 (range 0~15). The items that over 60% of the respondents checked correct answer regarding knowledge about HBV were 'There is blood screening for hepatitis B infection', 'Hepatitis B can be transmitted through sharing needles with infected person'. Multivariate analysis showed that received education for the prevention of HBV infection and disease morbidity were significantly associated with the knowledge of HBV infection. Overall, approximately 11% of total variability in the knowledge of HBV infection could be explained by the 2 variables in this model (R²=.109, p<.001). CONCLUSION: The results showed that North Korean immigrants need more education on HBV infection and prevention to improve their knowledge about HBV.
Education ; Emigrants and Immigrants* ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Multivariate Analysis ; Needles ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Crohn's disease, a chronic relapsing, multisystemic, inflammatory disorder, may involve any part of the gastrointestinal tract and shows a cobblestone-like appearance on intestinal mucosa. There are also extraintestinal features, including lesions of the skin, eye, and joints. Ulcers, fissures, sinus tracts, abscesses, and vegetant plaques have been reported for the perianal skin lesions of Crohn's disease. We experienced a case of Crohn's disease in a 21-year-old Korean female showing a skin lesion with a cobblestone-like appearance in the perianal region.
Abscess ; Crohn Disease* ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa ; Joints ; Skin* ; Ulcer ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: Since the introduction of short vein bypass (SVB), many have reported its feasibility when long vein bypass (LVB) cannot be performed due to limited vein conduit. However, the presence of inflow-vessel disease may affect graft patency and thus require endovascular treatment prior to surgery. Our study aims to analyze the results between SVB and LVB. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 2009 to 2013, 27 bypass procedures were reviewed retrospectively. Outcomes such as patency rate, postoperative ankle brachial index (ABI) and limb salvage rate between SVB and LVB were compared. Wound healing time and primary patency rate were analyzed and the former was also analyzed according to the respective angiosome and revascularization type. RESULTS: There were 11 males and 16 females and the mean age was 66.6+/-12.3 years. Twenty four patients had TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus (TASC) D and 3 patients had TASC C lesions below knee. The 1-year cumulative patency rate between SVB and LVB were 63% and 66%, P=0.627. The limb salvage rate (100% vs. 73%; P=0.280) and postoperative ABI (0.592 vs. 0.508; P=0.620) were higher in the SVB group than in the LVB group, although the differences were not significant. There was no difference in wound healing time by angiosomal revascularization type. In situ vein graft showed higher patency rate than reversed greater saphenous vein (75% vs. 61%; P=0.00) CONCLUSION: The results of SVB were similar to those of LVB. SVB is feasible in the setting of limited conduit availability, in combination with endovascular treatment in the presence of proximal lesions.
Ankle Brachial Index ; Consensus ; Extremities* ; Female ; Humans ; Ischemia* ; Knee ; Limb Salvage ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Saphenous Vein ; Transplants* ; Veins* ; Wound Healing

Nasal chondromesenchymal hamartoma is a distinctive mixed mesenchymal lesion of sinonasal region with a complex histologic appearance and benign clinical course and clinicopathologically similar to those of the mesenchymal hamartoma of the chest wall of infancy. We report a case of nasal chondromesenchymal hamartoma occurred in the right nasal cavity in a 3-month-old female. She was admitted with a history of profuse nasal bleeding and obstruction. CT revealed complex solid and cystic mass, measuring 3.5x2.5x2.5 cm in dimensions which filled the right nasal cavity and extended into ethmoid sinus and cribriform plate. The received piecemeal fragments of tissue were brown tan-colored firm semitranslucent tissue with a cartilaginous appearance. Microscopically, the basic morphologic elements were irregular islands of hyaline cartilage and myxoid to spindle cell stroma with various cellularity.
Epistaxis ; Ethmoid Bone ; Ethmoid Sinus ; Female ; Hamartoma* ; Humans ; Hyaline Cartilage ; Infant ; Islands ; Nasal Cavity ; Thoracic Wall

PURPOSE: We studied the effectiveness and toxicities of 5-fluorouracil+leucovorin, combination chemotherapy in advanced or recurred colo-rectal cancer patients, who didn't have previous chemotherapy and enrolled from August 1993 to July 1998. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients were treated with leucovorin followed by 5-fluorouracil for 5 consecutive days every 4 weeks. Among 43 patients who were enrolled, 40 patients received treatment at least 2 courses, and they were evaluable. Male to female ratio was 21 to 19. In serum CEA level, 27 patients were greater than 5 ng/ml and 13 were less than 5 ng/ml. And primary site was colon in 21 patients and rectum in 19 patients. RESULTS: The complete response rate was 7,5% and the partial response rate was 25%. The median survival duration was 14.7 months, the median response duration was 16.0 months, and median time to progression was 7.3 months. In the analysis of response, survival duration, time to progression according to various characteristics of patients, serum CEA level and liver involvement were revealed significant difference in survival duration, time to progression (p=0.0122, 00350 & 0.0202, 0.0123) on univariate analysis, but no significant difference on multivariates. Hematologic and non-hematologic toxicities were mild and tolerable. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that the combination of 5-fluorouracil (370 mg/m) and leucovorin (20 mg/m) is effective and tolerable regimen in advanced or recurred colo-rectal cancer patients without previous chemotherapy.
Colon ; Drug Therapy ; Drug Therapy, Combination* ; Female ; Fluorouracil* ; Humans ; Leucovorin* ; Liver ; Male ; Rectal Neoplasms* ; Rectum

The functional and morphologic cardiac developments are determined by the morphogenesis, growth and remodeling of the heart resulted from the cell proliferation and apoptosis. We studied the distribution of the proliferation and apoptotic activity of myocardial cells according to the developmental stages in embryos of C57bl/6 mice. Serial histologic sections were stained with PCNA and TUNEL method and were analyzed with image analyzer (BMI, Seoul). The ventricular myocardium of an embryonic heart could be divided into trabecular, inner compact and outer compact layers. Proliferation indices at layers of the left ventricular myocardium on embryonal days (ED) 13, 14, 16, 17 and 18 were 19.9%/47.4%/60.4%, 16.1%/45.8%/60.3%, 24.6%/45.6%/38.1%, 23.3%/17.7%/18.3% and 31.2%/28.0%/19.4% (trabecular/ inner compact/ outer compact) and the right ventricle, 11.0%/34.4%/60.5%, 23.0%/44.0%/69.0%, 29.2%/42.9%/35.1%, 30.4%/30.5%/22.3% and 32.4%/28.4%/16.3%. The apoptotic indices of the left ventricle/VIF were 0.23%/3.66% on ED 13-14, 0.42%/1.31% on ED 16 and 0.05%/0.60% on ED 17-18. The results show that the proliferation of the myocytes was maximal at the outer compact layer on ED 13 and 14 but lowest on ED 17 and 18. This decrease was more pronounced at the left ventricle. The innermost trabecular layer showed a constant proliferation activity of 11.0-32.4%. The presence of spatiotemporal differences in the cell proliferation reveals regional regulation in the developmental timing of cardiac development. Functional maturation is considered to be responsible for the change of proliferation activity. The apoptosis was most frequent and intense in the VIF and crux throughout the periods of each embryonal day where as rarely seen in the ventricular myocardium, especially in the trabecular layer of myocardium. These findings suggest that the apoptosis plays the role in the development of atrioventricular, ventriculoarterial septation and valve formation. Our results also reveal that the participation of apoptosis in formation of the trabeculation can be denied.
Animals ; Apoptosis* ; Cell Proliferation* ; Embryonic Structures ; Heart ; Heart Ventricles ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Mice ; Morphogenesis ; Muscle Cells ; Myocardium ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen

No abstract available.
Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula*

No effective therapy has yet developed for liver fibrosis/cirrhosis by directly inhibiting the accumulation of extracellular matrix. This study was undertaken to determine the effect of tetrandrine in rat model of liver fibrosis induced by carborn tetrachloride (CCl4) administration intraorally. Tetrandrine, a calcium channel blocker, is anti-inflammatory constituent of the families Menispermaceae and Ranunculaceae, which have been used as folk remedies in China. Repeated administration of CCl4 for 14 weeks to rats induced liver fibrosis with steatosis. Rats were killed after 4, 8 or 14 weeks of treatment with CCl4, CCl4 tetrandrine (30 mg/kg) or CCl4 tetrandrine (50 mg/kg). The histopathological findings of liver were observed semi-quantitatively by light microscopy and volume percentage of the collagen deposition was determined by image analyzer. Tetrandrine inhibited collagen deposition induced by CCl4 administration, as shown by less severe steatosis and fibrosis and significantly decreased volume percentage of collagen fibers in CCl4 tetrandrine treated animals compared with CCl4 only group. Thus, the administration of tetrandrine holds great promise for treating subjects with liver fibrosis/cirrhosis as a result of chronic hepatic injury.
Animals ; Calcium Channels ; Carbon Tetrachloride ; China ; Collagen ; Extracellular Matrix* ; Fibrosis* ; Humans ; Liver ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Medicine, Traditional ; Menispermaceae ; Microscopy ; Models, Animal ; Ranunculaceae ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Fistula* ; Thyroglossal Cyst*