PURPOSE: We compared the performance of virtual gastrography (VG) using multi-detector (MDCT) with two-dimensional (2D) CT in the diagnosis of early gastric cancer (EGC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed conventional gastroscopy and MDCT examination after gaseous distension of the stomach in 50 consecutive patients who were confirmed as EGC by surgery and endoscopic mucosal resection. Unenhanced images were obtained in the prone position and contrast enhanced images were obtained in the supine position. Contrast enhanced imaging was done 70 seconds after intravenous injection of 150 mL of ionic contrast material at the rate of 3 mL/sec. 2D CT and VG images were analyzed by two radiologist with consensus to assess the location and gross morphologic type of EGC. Crosstabs were used to determine the diagnostic accuracy of EGC on 2D CT and VG. RESULTS: The diagnostic specificity for 50 patients with EGC was significantly higher with VG (72%) than with 2D CT (88%) (p<0.05). VG depicted EGC in eight patients (type I = 1; type IIa = 3; type IIb = 1; type IIc = 2; type IIa + IIc = 1) that were missed on the 2D CT. The lesions were located in the antrum (n = 6), angle (n = 1), and body (n = 1). However, VG frequently misdiagnosed EGCs of type IIb (n = 4), IIc (n = 1), and III (n = 1), as well as the location at the angle (n = 3), antrum (n = 1), and body (n = 1). CONCLUSION: VG showed excellent result in the detection of EGC compared with 2D CT. However, it had limitations in the diagnosis of EGC type IIb or gastric angle tumor.
Consensus ; Diagnosis* ; Gastroscopy ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Neuroma, Acoustic ; Prone Position ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Supine Position

This study inrestigated the dietary behavior, nutritional intake, and health status of industrial workers. Two hundred seventy workers(165 men and 105 women) in Masan, who were provided food services were selected as survey subjects. They were given questionnaires on nutrition knowledge, food frequency questionnaires, and blood analysis were conducted through an annual health examination from May to August 1998. The average age of the subjects was 35.7+/-11.8 years, and 80% the of women were in their teens and 20's and 80% of men were in their 30's and 40's. The nutrition knowledge score was higher in women than in men, while food habit score was higher in men than in women. As age increase, the degree of life stress became lower and food habit score was higher in men than in women. As age increases, the degree of life stress became lower and food habit was improved. In women, all nutrient intakes were avobe the recommended dictary allowances(RDA), and in men intakes of only vitamin E and calcium were under RDA. Levels of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and blood glucose, blood pressure, body mass index were positively related to age. The number of subjects suspected of havins chronic disease was the highest for those in their 40's. The results indicate that nutritional status of industrial workers in the present study was fairly good probably due to food services, but their health status should be supervised as their age increases.
Adolescent ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; Calcium ; Cholesterol ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Food Habits ; Food Services ; Humans ; Male ; Nutritional Status* ; Stress, Psychological ; Triglycerides ; Vitamin E ; Vitamins ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: We hypothesized that phototherapy, if the total serum bilirubin (TSB) is > or = 14mg/dl, would decrease not only in frequency and duration, but complications due to phototherapy, such as weight loss, rash, temperature instability, feeding intolerance, and diarrhea, would decrease when compared to phototherapy TSB > or = 10mg/dl after 48 hours of life in healthy term newborns without hemolysis. METHODS: Forty healthy newborns born by cesarean section in Hanyang University Kuri Hospital from February, 1996 and March, 1996 were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups according to different guidelines of phototherapy after 48 hours of age; study group, phototherapy TSB > or = 14mg/dl and control group, phototherapy TSB > or = 10mg/dl. TSB and body weight were measured every 24 hours from 48 hours of life to 144 hours of life. Exclusion criteria included a positive Coombs test and any pathologic conditions. RESULTS: Eventually, 17 cases were enrolled to the study group and 16 cases to the controls. Ninety-four percent of all newborns were TSB > or = 7mg/dl and 82% TSB > or = 10mg/dl. Among the newborns who reached TSB > or = 10mg/dl, 44% of them were at 48 hours of life. Phototherapy was given in the study group less frequently and shorter than in the controls (6% vs. 82%, P<0.001; 22 hours vs. 70 +/- 49 hours, P=unaccountable). TSB (mean +/- SD, mg/dl) at 120 and 144 hours of life among the newborns who reached TSB > or = 10mg/dl were significant higher in the study group compared to the controls (11.4 +/- 1.4 vs 10.1 +/- 1.7 P=0.046; 11.2 +/- 0.7 vs 8.5 +/- 2.8, P=0.028, respectivelyy). There were no significant differences in complications of phototherapy in two groups. CONCLUSION: Phototherapy if TSB > or = 14mg/dl after 48 hours of life in healty term newborns without hemolysis decreased frequency and duration of phototherapy without any risk of kernicterus compared to phototherapy if if was at TSB > or = 10mg/dl.h
Bilirubin ; Body Weight ; Cesarean Section ; Coombs Test ; Diarrhea ; Exanthema ; Female ; Hemolysis ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Newborn* ; Jaundice ; Jaundice, Neonatal* ; Kernicterus ; Phototherapy* ; Pregnancy ; Weight Loss

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to evaluate discrepancies between self-awareness of memory functions and actual memory functions in the elderly community. METHODS: A total of 369 individuals aged over 65 years from four elderly community centers completed clinical evaluation, neuropsychological batteries of the Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease (CERAD-K), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), and the Hachinski Ischemic Score. RESULTS: Among the elderly particpants, 26.3% showed incorrect awareness regarding their memory function. Those with subjective memory complaints included 73.5% with no memory impairment, while those without memory complaints included 11.3% of those with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and 4.3% of those with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Subjective memory complaints were significantly associated with depression. Among the elderly with no memory complaints, incorrect awareness was associated with 'no previous education' (OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.3-9.8), 'age over 80' (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.1-5.4), and 'male' (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.0-5.2) ; however, it was not significantly associated with depression. CONCLUSION: Incorrect awareness of memory impairment is prevalent among the elderly. Further, elderly individuals of an advanced age with no education may have memory impairment without memory complaints.
Activities of Daily Living ; Aged ; Alzheimer Disease ; Depression ; Humans ; Memory ; Mild Cognitive Impairment

OBJECTIVES: We examined the effects of neurotrophins and insulin-like growth factors on cell death induced by haloperidol, a typical anti-psychotic agent. METHOD: Neocortices from 14- or 15-daysold fetal mice for neuron-glia co-cultures were used for this experiment. RESULT: Twenty-four hours treatment of mouse cortical cell cultures with 30 M haloperidol-induced wide spread neuronal apoptosis characterized by cell body shrinkage, DNA fragmentation and condensation. Concurrent treatment with growth factors, BDNF, NT4/5, IGF-I and IGF-II, protect the neurons from the haloperidol-induced neuronal apoptosis(HINA) in a dose dependent manner(10-100ng/ml). CONCLUSION: The present study suggests the possibility that haloperidol toxicity can be hampered with growth factors. Further study about the mechanism underlying the protective capacity of the growth factors on HINA may lead to the development of the new protective strategy for tardive dyskinesia.
Animals ; Apoptosis* ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; Cell Culture Techniques* ; Cell Death ; Coculture Techniques ; DNA Fragmentation ; Haloperidol ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor II ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Mice* ; Movement Disorders ; Neocortex ; Nerve Growth Factors* ; Neurons* ; Somatomedins

Transobturator tape (TOT) operation for urinary stress incontinence is associated with less complication rate than Tension free vaginal tape (TVT). The two procedures yield similar rates of success. The TOT is lead through the obturator foramen, reducing the risk of bladder injury as well as damage of structures located in the Retzii cave, e.g. nerves and blood vessels. However the complications of TOT procedure may have several complications associated with obturator foramen. They are the injury of obturator nerve and vessels, abscess formation on th obturator foramen, vulvar hematoma, etc. There is no report the uterine artery injury after TOT procedure so far. Recently we experienced a case of successful control of bleeding of the uterine artery after TOT operation via uterine artery embolization. Therefore we report our case with brief review of the literatures.
Abscess ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; Blood Vessels ; Cyclophosphamide ; Doxorubicin ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Obturator Nerve ; Podophyllotoxin ; Suburethral Slings ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence, Stress ; Uterine Artery ; Uterine Artery Embolization ; Vincristine

Pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS), which is said to occur due to ovarian vein incompetence, is a recognized cause of chronic pelvic pain (CPP). It is difficult to diagnose PCS because of a variety of symptoms. In addition, it can be underestimated by Computed Tomographic or Magnetic Resonance Imaging. At this time, gonadal venography remains the definitive imaging modality to evaluate patients with PCS. Medical and surgical approaches are available to treat PCS. More recently, however, transcatheter embolotherapy (TCE) has been shown to be both safe and effective. We have experienced a case of pelvic congestion syndrome that was diagnosed by venography.
Embolization, Therapeutic ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Gonads ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pelvic Pain ; Phlebography ; Veins

Mesenteric lymphangioma was first recognized when an autopsy case was recorded in 1507 by Benevieni. It has been known clinically rare disease and probably a congenital developmental abnormality due to failure of drainage of peripheral primary lymphatic spaces. We experienced a case of abnormal rotation in intestine by mesenteric lymphangioma in a 8 years old male who showed vomiting and abdominal pain. A brief review of related literatures is also presented.
Abdominal Pain ; Autopsy ; Child ; Drainage ; Humans ; Intestines ; Lymphangioma* ; Male ; Rare Diseases ; Vomiting

BACKGROUND: Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) has been used to measure iron accumulation in the deep nuclei of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). This study examined the relationship between non-motor symptoms (NMSs) and iron accumulation in the deep nuclei of patients with PD. METHODS: The QSM data were acquired from 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 29 patients with early PD and 19 normal controls. The Korean version of the NMS scale (K-NMSS) was used for evaluation of NMSs in patients. The patients were divided into high NMS and low NMS groups. The region-of-interest analyses were performed in the following deep nuclei: red nucleus, substantia nigra pars compacta, substantia nigra pars reticulata, dentate nucleus, globus pallidus, putamen, and head of the caudate nucleus. RESULTS: Thirteen patients had high NMS scores (total K-NMSS score, mean = 32.1), and 16 had low NMS scores (10.6). The QSM values in the deep were not different among the patients with high NMS scores, low NMS scores, and controls. The QSM values were not correlated linearly with K-NMSS total score after adjusting the age at acquisition of brain MRI. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrated that the NMS burdens are not associated with iron accumulation in the deep nuclei of patients with PD. These results suggest that future neuroimaging studies on the pathology of NMSs in PD should use more specific and detailed clinical tools and recruit PD patients with severe NMSs.
Basal Ganglia ; Brain ; Caudate Nucleus ; Cerebellar Nuclei ; Globus Pallidus ; Head ; Humans ; Iron* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neuroimaging ; Parkinson Disease* ; Pars Compacta ; Pars Reticulata ; Pathology ; Putamen ; Red Nucleus

OBJECTIVE: To investigate factors associated with enrollment and participation in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in Korea. METHODS: Patients admitted to four university hospitals with acute coronary syndrome between June 2014 and May 2016 were enrolled. The Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale (CRBS) made of 21-item questionnaire and divided in four subdomains was administered during admission. CRBS items used a 5-point Likert scale and ≥2.5 was considered as a barrier. Differences between CR non-attender and CR attender, or CR non-enroller and CR enroller in subscale and each items of CRBS were examined using the chi-square test. RESULTS: The CR participation rate in four hospitals was 31% (170 of the 552). Logistical factors (odds ratio [OR]=7.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.62–12.55) and comorbidities/functional status (OR=6.60; 95% CI, 3.95–11.01) were identified as a barrier to CR enrollment in the subdomain analysis. Among patients who were enrolled (agreed to participate in CR during admission), only work/time conflict was a significant barrier to CR participation (OR=2.17; 95% CI, 1.29–3.66). CONCLUSION: Diverse barriers to CR participation were identified in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Providing the tailored model for CR according to the individual patient's barrier could improve the CR utilization. Further multicenter study with large sample size including other CR indication is required.
Acute Coronary Syndrome ; Exercise Therapy ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Korea ; Outpatients ; Patient Participation ; Rehabilitation ; Sample Size ; Secondary Prevention