No abstract available.
Neuroblastoma* ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma*

Hydranencehaly is an abnormality consisting of complete or almost absence of the cerebral hemispheres, which are replaced by a large fluid-filled cavity. The midbrain and brain stem are relatively intact, and rudiments of frontal, temporal and occipital cortex may be present. We diagnosed it through the evaluation of clinical features, prenatal US (intrauterine pregnancy, 37 wks) and brain CT. Authors have experienced a case of hydranencephaly combined with twin pregnancy and reported with a brief literature review.
Brain ; Brain Stem ; Cerebrum ; Humans ; Hydranencephaly* ; Mesencephalon ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Twin* ; Twins*

A rubber tip disconnection of Arrow-Trerotola percutaneous thrombolytic device (PTD) may occur occasionally. We experienced 5 cases of a rubber tip disconnection among 453 mechanical thrombectomy sessions with the use of PTD. We present a report about these five cases and suggest possible causes for the occurrences.
Aged ; Catheter Obstruction/*etiology ; Equipment Failure Analysis/*methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Renal Dialysis/*instrumentation ; Rubber ; Thrombectomy/*instrumentation ; Treatment Outcome

PURPOSE: This study was performed to find out the natural history of lung cancer in Pusan-Kyungnam area and changing of that in previous report. MATERIALS AND METHOD: We studied retrospectively 508 patients with pathologically proven lung cancer from January 1991 to December 1995. We analysed age and sex distribution, initial symptoms before diagnosis, first method yielding histologic diagnosis, cell types of lung cancer, initial stage of lung cancer, schema of overall patients, survivial of lung cancer patients, and prognostic factors affecting survival of lung cancer patients.. RESULTS: The overall male to female ratio was 4.5: 1 and the age distribution ranged from 20 to 86 years, and the median age of overall patients was 60 years. Histologic classification revealed that the most prevalent type was squamous cell carcinoma (251 cases, 49.4%), followed by adenocarcinoma (141 cases, 27.8%), small cell carcinoma (91 cases, 17.9%), and large cell carcinoma (3 cases, 0.6%). In non-smali cell lung cancer 56.8% were stage IIIb and IV, therefore curative operation was done in 18.7% of all cases, but in small cell lung cancer 65.6% were extended disease. Meidan survival of overall patients was 11.8 months. There was a quite difference in survival among the stages. In non-small cell lung cancer, median survival was 59.7 months, 27.3 months, 18.5 months, 12.7 months, 5.9 months in stage I, II, IIIa, IIIb, IV in each. In small cell lung cancer, median survival of limited disese was 12.2 months and median survival of extended disease was 6.7 months. The stage and the performance status were independent prognostic factors in both small cell and non-small cell lung cancer. CONCLUSION: The prognosis of patients with lung cancer was still grave, but the survival was better than that of a previous report. This may be accorded to increase in early diagnosis and operation and advance in supportive care.
Adenocarcinoma ; Age Distribution ; Busan* ; Carcinoma, Large Cell ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Classification ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Gyeongsangnam-do* ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Male ; Natural History ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Distribution ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma

This study was conducted to assess the relationship between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and bone mineral density (BMD) in Korean postmenopausal women with mild renal dysfunction. A total of 328 postmenopausal women who underwent BMD measurement during health check-up was investigated. BMD was measured in lumbar spine (L1-L4), femoral neck, total proximal femur and femoral trochanteric areas by dual energy radiography absorptiometry and renal function was estimated by eGFR using Cockcroft-Gault equation. Of the 328 subjects, 317 (96.6%) had an eGFR > or =60 mL/min/1.73 m2. By using simple linear regression analysis, age, height, weight and eGFR were significantly associated with BMD for the 4 aforementioned anatomic sites, while serum levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen did not influence BMD. When multiple regression analyses were applied, age and body weight still had significant associations with BMD at 4 different anatomic sites (P < 0.001). A significant association of eGFR with BMD remained in the lumbar spine, femoral neck and proximal total femur (P < 0.05) but not in the trochanteric area (P = 0.300). Our study suggests that a decline of renal function is associated with lower BMD in the lumbar spine, femoral neck and total proximal femur areas in Korean menopausal women with mild renal dysfunction.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Aged ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; *Bone Density ; Creatinine/blood ; Female ; Femur Neck/physiology ; *Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases/*physiopathology ; Kidney Function Tests ; Lumbar Vertebrae/physiology ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/*physiopathology ; Republic of Korea

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of Internet of Things (IoT)-based behavioral intervention for reducing depressive symptom of older adults with major depressive disorder. METHODS: A 12-week randomized cross-over controlled study was conducted at community mental health center. We recruited 39 participants with major depressive disorder aged 60 years or older. As a multidomain intervention, four evidence-based therapeutic factors (physical activity, healthy diet, social activity, and emotional regulation) were approached. To maintain motivation of participants, we applied contingency management using IoT device based on operant conditioning theory. RESULTS: The primary outcome was change of depressive symptom measured by Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Mixed-effect model compared the effectiveness of intervention and usual care management (intervention by time and period interaction, p=0.017). And during the study period consisting of a total of visit 8, significant group difference was shown in post hoc test at visit 4 (MADRS score of intervention group : MADRS score of control group=7.7±3.4 : 21.1±11.5, p=0.008). CONCLUSION: Community-implementable IoT-based behavioral intervention resulted in greater reduction of depressive symptom of elderly with major depressive disorder.
Adult ; Aged ; Conditioning, Operant ; Depression ; Depressive Disorder, Major ; Diet ; Humans ; Internet ; Mental Health ; Motivation

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The choice of optimal treatment methods among various gland preserving procedures including transoral surgery, sialendoscopy and extracorporeal lithotripsy for submandibular stones is mainly determined by the size of the stone. We tried to assess the accuracy of ultrasonography (USG) and computerized tomography (CT) for the preoperative estimation of submandibular gland stone size. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 251 patients who were treated for submandibular stones from January 2008 to December 2014. Eighty patients who checked both preoperative USG and CT were included. Preoperative USG and CT measurements of the submandibular stones were compared to postoperative measurements of removed stones. Effects of stone location and presence of acute infection on preoperative measurements were also assessed. RESULTS: The mean submandibular gland stone size was 6.60+/-3.8 mm by USG, 7.23+/-4.0 mm by neck CT and 7.89+/-4.7 mm by the postoperative measurement. USG and CT showed good correlation with the postoperative measurement (correlation coefficient 0.912 and 0.940, respectively). The location of stone and presence of combined infection showed no significant impact on the accuracy of USG and CT measurement. CONCLUSION: USG and neck CT showed high accuracy for predicting submandibular gland stone size. However, it should be taken into consideration that the stone size could be greater than that shown by preoperative measurement.
Humans ; Lithotripsy ; Medical Records ; Neck ; Retrospective Studies ; Salivary Gland Calculi ; Submandibular Gland* ; Ultrasonography

Laser enucleation and morcellation of the prostate is an increasingly used surgical management of benign prostatic hyperplasia. However, it can cause several complications including capsular perforation, ureteral orifice injury, and bladder mucosal morcellation injury. Herein, we report a case of severe postoperative dyspnea caused by neglected massive intraperitoneal fluid collection during laser surgery of the prostate. The patient experienced massive abdominal distension and severe respiratory difficulty after the procedure. Although immediate postoperative cystogram showed no leakage of contrast dye, the computed tomography scan of the abdomen and pelvis showed massive fluid collection in the abdominal pelvic cavity suggesting bladder wall injury. After percutaneous drainage of intraperitoneal fluid, abdominal distention and dyspnea were relieved.
Abdomen ; Drainage ; Dyspnea* ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; Pelvis ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Ureter ; Urinary Bladder

Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare cause of primary hyperparathyroidism and commonly metastasize to lymph node, lung, liver, and bone. In Korea, there has been no report of distant metastasis in parathyroid carcinoma except for one case of pulmonary metastasis. A 58-year-old man presenting with weakness, nausea, and a palpable thyroid nodule visited our hospital. Elevated serum calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentration allowed the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism. Two discrete masses were identified by neck ultrasound scan, computed tomography (CI') and Tc-Sestamibi scan in the left lobe of thyroid gland and ipsilateral parathyroid gland. So multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 2A" was suspected initially, but postoperative histological diagnosis was left parathyroid carcinoma with solitary nodular lesion invading left thyroid gland. He was successfully treated with left parathyroidectomy and left thyroid lobectomy.
Calcium ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Hyperparathyroidism ; Hyperparathyroidism, Primary ; Korea ; Liver ; Lung ; Lymph Nodes ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia ; Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a ; Nausea ; Neck ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Parathyroid Glands ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Parathyroid Neoplasms* ; Parathyroidectomy ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Nodule ; Ultrasonography

BACKGROUND: Over the years many possible explanations for the development of varicose vein have been suggested. The main possible mechanisms are a valvular failure theory and a weak wall theory. However, the definite cause of varicose has not been determined yet. OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study are to observe the pathologic changes in the smooth muscle cells and extracellular matrix of the primary varicose vein. An understanding of the pathology may possibly help to understand the pathogenesis of varicose veins. METHODS: A total of 20 vein specimens of primary varicose vein were collected from 13 patients who underwent ambulatory phlebectomy. Among them, 16 specimens were thick segments and 4 specimens were thin segments of varicose veins. Control samples were collected from two patients with no history and clinical evidence of varicose vein. Each specimen was examined with a JEM 1200EX-II electron microscopy. Ultrastructural findings between thick and thin segments of varicose veins and normal veins were also compared semiquantitatively. RESULTS: The smooth muscle cells of varicose veins were abnormal in shape and lost their fusiform appearance with many vacuoles. Increased extracellular matrix shows the increase of degenerated collagen fibers and decrease of elastic fibers. Thin segments revealed more atrophic smooth muscle cells and phagocytosis than thickened segments. Thick segments showed increased collagen fiber. CONCLUSION: These ultrastructural changes may be not the primary cause of varicose veins but the secondary remodeling processes of vein walls by hemodynamic stress.
Collagen ; Elastic Tissue ; Extracellular Matrix ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Leg* ; Microscopy, Electron ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Pathology ; Phagocytosis ; Vacuoles ; Varicose Veins* ; Veins