No abstract available.
Carbon Dioxide* ; Carbon* ; Foreign Bodies* ; Foreign-Body Reaction ; Granuloma ; Lasers, Gas* ; Lip*

Much has been learned of the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of the toxic shock syndrome (TSS) since the initial description in 1978 by Dr. James K, Todd. The clinical illness is defined by the criteria listed in the case definition formulated for epidemiologic studies. With the advent of widespread recognition of TSS, there have been numerous published reports describing the clinical and laboratory findings, primarily in menstruating females. And there have been also reported about six cases in Korea. Moreover, TSS is uncommon in the prepubertal age group and no case report in infant in Korea. We experienced two cases of TSS in infants aged 11/2 yrs and 9 months associated with respiratory infection-pneumonia, pyopneumothorax and localized skin abscess that were confused with Kawasaki disease (KD). The diagnosis was made on the basis of clinical features and laboratory findings, and the cases met the Centers of Disease Control case definition of TSS. And thus we report these cases and review related literatures.
Abscess ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Infant* ; Korea ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; Shock, Septic* ; Skin

PURPOSE: There are few reports about the natural history of patients with pseudoprecocious puberty due to autonomous ovarian cyst. We reviewed the clinical course of 7 patients who had autonomous ovarian cysts and signs of precocious puberty. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 7 children, aged 2.8 to 7.9 years, who were diagnosed with pseudoprecocious puberty due to autonomous ovarian cysts from November 2005 to May 2011. The follow-up durations ranged from 0.5 to 6.3 years. RESULTS: Four out of 7 patients showed elevated serum estrogen levels and all revealed prepubertal response of gonadotropin to GnRH stimulation at diagnosis. The size of the cysts was from 1.7 to 4.6 cm on pelvic ultrasound examination. After 1 to 3 months, the ovarian cysts disappeared in all patients. Three of the girls developed relapsing signs of precocious puberty (vaginal bleeding and breast budding). Two of them showed an increase in growth velocity and bone age due to recurrent ovarian cysts, and one of them was converted to true precocious puberty. CONCLUSION: In our cases, all patients with autonomous ovarian cysts resolved spontaneously. However, some showed frequent recurrence of ovarian cysts, and needed a longer follow up because of the possibility of conversion to true precocious puberty and signs of McCune-Albright syndrome.
Aged ; Breast ; Child ; Estrogens ; Female ; Fibrous Dysplasia, Polyostotic ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Gonadotropins ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Natural History ; Ovarian Cysts ; Puberty ; Puberty, Precocious ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

Angiolipoma is a rare benign soft tissue tumor, an unusual variant of lipoma,consisting of fatty and vascular components and located in the subcutis, usually in the trunk and extremities. We report a case of posterior mediastinal angiolipo-ma extending into the spinal canal and showing both fat and angiomatous fea-tures on CT scan.
Aged ; Angiolipoma/pathology/*radiography ; Case Report ; Female ; Human ; Mediastinal Neoplasms/pathology/*radiography ; Spinal Canal/*pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The mutation and reduction of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been suggested as factors in the carcinogenesis. However, whether the depletion of mtDNA induces multidrug resistance in cancer cells has not been fully investigated. To elucidate the association of cellular mtDNA content and drug resistance, we generated HCT-8 colon cancer cells which revealed a marked decrease in cellular mtDNA and ATP content, concomitant with a lack of mRNAs encoded by mtDNA. The mtDNA-depleted cells showed a decreased sensitivity and accumulation of anti-cancer drugs, suggesting that mtDNA depletion could develop multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype in HCT-8 cells. We found that the expression level of MDR1 mRNA and its translated product P-glycoprotein was increased in the mtDNA- depleted cells, indicating that the decrease of sensitivity and accumulation of anti-cancer drug in the mtDNA-depleted cells might be due to a substantial increase in the expression of P-glycoprotein. Furthermore, increased expression of MDR1 mRNA and P-glycoprotein was due to an increase of mRNA stability rather than transcriptional activation. Taken together, these results indicate that mtDNA depletion can induce an increased P-glycoprotein expression via an increase of mRNA stability and suggest that the mtDNA depletion in cancer cells plays an important role in the induction of MDR phenotype.
Cell Line, Tumor ; DNA, Mitochondrial/*metabolism ; Doxorubicin/pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects ; Humans ; P-Glycoprotein/*genetics/metabolism ; Paclitaxel/pharmacology ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics ; *RNA Stability/drug effects ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Up-Regulation/drug effects/*genetics

PURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate the influence of family environment, parenting behavior, and psychological characteristics on metabolic control in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS: We performed a statistical survey among Korean children (adolescents; age, 11-17 years) undergoing treatment for type 1 DM for more than a year and the parents of these children. We obtained the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels; children's depression inventory (CDI) scores; family affection, partnership, growth, adaptation, resolve (APGAR) scores; parenting behavior inventory (PBI) scores; and scores of the Korean version of family environment scale (FES-K) for these families. The results of the survey were collected and analyzed using statistical methods. RESULTS: We found a statistically significant evidence of a positive relationship between HbA1c levels and depressive symptoms (r=0.43, P=0.001). However, there was no relationship between HbA1c levels and family APGAR scores. FES-cohesion scale (beta=-0.422, P=0.005), achievement orientation scale (beta=-0.323, P=0.013), and control scale (beta=0.356, P=0.009)-were significant predictors of HbA1c levels. In the family APGAR index, low CDI score (P=0.001) were indicative of a highly functional family. Furthermore, the family APGAR scale showed a statistically significant association with the reasoning and affection subscales of the PBI scale and inverse association with the inconsistency subscale of the PBI scale. Multiple-regression analysis of the data revealed that the monitoring (beta=-0.325, P=0.045) and reasoning (beta=-0.507, P=0.011) variables of the paternal and maternal PBI scale, respectively, were significant predictors of a child's depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION: Improvements in family environment and parenting behavior may help improve metabolic control and reduce depressive symptoms in children with type 1 DM.
Achievement ; Child ; Depression ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ; Family Relations ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated ; Humans ; Orientation ; Parenting ; Parents ; Social Environment

No abstract available.

OBJECTIVE: To present a new stimulation method based on the use of a head-mounted display (HMD) during pattern reversal visual evoked potential (PR-VEP) testing and to compare variables of HMD to those of conventional cathode ray tube (CRT). METHODS: Twenty-three normal subjects without visual problems were recruited. PR-VEPs were generated using CRT or HMD stimuli. VEP outcome measures included latencies (N75, P100, and N145) and peak-to-peak amplitudes (N75-P100 and P100-N145). Subjective discomfort associated with HMD was determined using a self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS: PR-VEPs generated by HMD stimuli showed typical triphasic waveforms, the components of which were found to be correlated with those obtained using conventional CRT stimuli. Self-administered discomfort questionnaires revealed that HMD was more comfortable in some aspects. It allowed subjects to concentrate better than CRT. CONCLUSION: The described HMD stimulation can be used as an alternative to the standard CRT stimulation for PR-VEPs. PR-VEP testing using HMD has potential applications in clinical practice and visual system research because HMD can be used on a wider range of subjects compared to CRT.
Cathode Ray Tube* ; Electrodes* ; Evoked Potentials, Visual* ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Pilot Projects*

In this study, we evaluated the effects of fentanyl, midazolam, and fentanyl-midazolam on cardiovascular system and blood glucose during endotracheal intubation in forty normotensive patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia. The patients were randomly classified into four groups; Group I (control) received tracheal intubation with thiopental 5 mg/kg (n=10), group II received tracheal intubation with fentanyl 6 ug/kg followed by thiopental 2 mg/ kg (n=10), group III received tracheal intubation with midazolam 0.3 mg/kg (n=10), group IV received tracheal intubation with fentanyl 4 ug/kg followed by midazolam 1 mg/kg (n=10). The changes of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressurie, heart rate, and blood glucose were compared in each group. The results were as follows; 1) In group I, endotracheal intubation caused a significant rise in SBP, HR and blood glucose. 2) In group II, endotracheal intubation caused little changes in SBP, DBP,MAP and blood glucose but HR was rised. 3) In group III, endotracheal intubation caused little changes in SBP, DBP, MAP, HR and blood glucose. 4) In group IV, endotracheal intubation caused little changes in SBP, DBP, MAP, HR and blood glucose.
Anesthesia, General ; Blood Glucose* ; Blood Pressure ; Cardiovascular System* ; Fentanyl* ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Midazolam* ; Thiopental

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify factors related to severe tooth loss among sociodemographic, oral health behavior, and systemic disease factors. Methods: This study used raw data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016-2018), which included 13,199 adults aged ≥19 years. The severe tooth loss was defined as a group with more than a third quartile (top 1/4) of the total number of tooth loss. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the correlations. Results: Sociodemographic factors had a were more factors significantly correlated on severe tooth loss than oral health behavior-related and systemic disease-related factors. Among the assessed sociodemographic factors, age, resident area, household income, education level, and household type were correlated with severe tooth loss, with education level having the greatest impact. Among the oral health behavior-related factors, smoking had the greatest impact on severe tooth loss; tooth brushing frequency was also an important factor. Among the systemic disease-related factors, only diabetes incidence was associated with severe tooth loss. Conclusions Promoting smoking cessation, proper tooth brushing, and diabetes management could reduce severe tooth loss. Moreover, sociodemographic factors should be taken into account while planning oral health promotion projects.