No abstract available.
Blood Platelets* ; Humans ; Platelet Aggregation* ; Plateletpheresis* ; Tissue Donors*

Two autopsy cases of asphyxia due to oxygen deficiency are reported. The first case is that a 38-year-old man died in a storehouse. Many pears were stored in a storehouse and the its atmosphere was strictly controlled. The second case is that a 42-year-old man died in the boiler room of a fishing ship. Much amount of Freon gas escaped due to a defect of the refrigerator in the boiler room. The victim entered the boiler room because he repaired the refrigerator. But, the victim died when he entered the boiler room immediately. In this article, the autopsy findings and the contents of the investigation of scene of two cases are described.
Adult ; Anoxia* ; Asphyxia* ; Atmosphere ; Autopsy* ; Chlorofluorocarbons ; Humans ; Oxygen* ; Pyrus ; Ships ; United Nations

PURPOSE: To report 2 young female patients with bilateral posterior scleritis and serous retinal detachment. CASE SUMMARY: An 11-year-old girl (Case 1) and a 16-year-old girl (Case 2) visited our clinic with bilateral ocular pain, redness, and blurred vision. Slit lamp examinations revealed severe bilateral scleral injection and mild anterior chamber reactions. Fundus examinations showed bilateral serous retinal detachments in the macular area. In both patients, diffuse multifocal leaking and pooling were found at the macula in the early and late phase fluorescein angiography, respectively. On the B-mode ultrasounds and orbital images (MRI or CT), scleral thickening with retention of subtenons fluid were found. There were no systemic diseases associated with the conditions. We diagnosed the patients with bilateral posterior scleritis and administered systemic steroids. After systemic steroid treatment, all of the symptoms were alleviated. Three months after the regression, bilateral posterior scleritis recurred in patient 2. Oral cyclosporine 100 mg was additionally prescribed in addition to the previous medications that she had taken during her first treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Two young patients diagnosed with posterior scleritis and serous retinal detachment was treated with systemic steroids. With proper examination and treatment, posterior scleritis can be treated with no complications.
Adolescent ; Anterior Chamber ; Child ; Cyclosporine ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Humans ; Orbit ; Retention (Psychology) ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinaldehyde ; Scleritis ; Steroids ; Vision, Ocular

No abstract available.
Delayed Emergence from Anesthesia* ; Embolization, Therapeutic* ; Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery* ; Posterior Cerebral Artery*

No abstract available.
Delayed Emergence from Anesthesia* ; Embolization, Therapeutic* ; Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery* ; Posterior Cerebral Artery*

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to develop critical pathway for post operation care of laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy with time and cost effectiveness using a clinical pathway assistant program (MDCPA(TM), MDware Co.) METHODS: Procedure was done with the following steps; establishment of conceptual framework, development of preliminary critical pathway using CPA program, expert validity test, and confirmation of final critical pathway. RESULTS: Preliminary critical pathway was extracted by CPA program, and this result was verified by expert validity test. The process of data collection and analysis to develop the preliminary critical pathway was accomplished automatically by CPA program. The patients' hospitalization period in the aspect of time and cost effectiveness was confirmed as 6 days, and each item of assessment, test, medication, treatment, diet, activity, and teaching were finalized. CONCLUSION: The CPA program can automate the complicated process, which contains collecting and cleaning the large size EMR data, classifying and confirming the items in critical pathway, so that the time and cost to develop a critical pathway can be reduced. This program is expected to be used for development of critical pathway in a variety of clinical settings in the aspect of time and cost effectiveness.
Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Critical Pathways ; Data Collection ; Diet ; Female ; Glycolates ; Hospitalization ; Hysterectomy ; Hysterectomy, Vaginal ; Medical Records

Purpose: Given the long history of investigation into cancer and its relevance to the lymph node (LN), it would be meaningful to plot the trends of research on cancer-related LN. Methods: Queries such as “cancer,” “lymph node,” and “cancer and lymph node” were submitted to PubMed to collect articles on cancer and LN published between 1945 and 2017. The collected articles were then extracted by an automatic web crawler and examined through informetrics and linguistic analysis. Results: The number of articles related to cancer was 2,795,476 and 127,897 articles (4.6%) were found to be relevant to LN. With regard to cancer types, breast cancer was the most studied (37%), followed by gastric cancer (17%). With regard to the subjects in which the surgeon is interested, LN metastasis (57%) was found to be the topic most discussed, followed by LN dissection (22%) and sentinel LN (17%). Publications on LN metastasis gradually increased over time from 1988 to 2017 although those on sentinel LN and LN dissection have stagnated since the early 2000s. Conclusion Although research on cancer was abundant, only a small portion was dedicated to investigating its relevance to LN. Western countries had led the research on cancer-related LN, but Asian countries began to participate as major players, expanding their contributions. While LN metastasis, one of the major cancer-related LN topics, showed a steady increase, those involved in oncologic surgery such as LN dissection and sentinel LN did not.

BACKGROUND: In recent years, numerous human tumor specific antigens such as melanoma antigen gene(MAGE) that is recognized by autologous cytotoxic T lymphocytes have been identified. MAGE is expressed in many human malignancies in various organs, such as lung, breast, stomach, esophagus and leukemia. Therefore MAGE has been studied widely for tumor diagnosis and immunotherapy. But, so far there were no clinical studies evaluating the role of MAGE in pleural effusion. We investigated the expression of MAGE in the patients with exudative pleural effusion for it's diagnostic utility and the RESULTS: were compared with those of cytologic examinations. METHODS: Diagnostic thoracentesis was performed in 44 consecutive patients with exudative pleural effusion during 6 months. We examined the expression of MAGE and cytology with the obtained pleural effusion. Expression of MAGE was interpreted by means of a commercial kit using RT-PCR method. Enrolled patients were divided into two groups such as malignant and benign and we analyzed its' sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between two groups in age, sex, white blood cell counts in pleural fluid, pleural fluid/serum protein ratio and pleural fluid/serum LDH ratio. The sensitivity and specificity of MAGE were 72.2% and 96.2% respectively and the positive predictive value and negative predictive value of MAGE were also 92.9% and 83.3% respectively. The sensitivity and negative predictive value of cytologic examinations were 66.7% and 81.3% respectively. There were no significant differences between sensitivities of MAGE and cytologic examinations but false positive result of MAGE was found in 1 case of tuberculous pleurisy. CONCLUSION: MAGE is a sensitive and specific marker for the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant effusion in patients with exudative pleural effusion. And MAGE would provide the equal sensitivity compared with that of cytologic examination in patients with malignant pleural effusion if 5mL of the pleural fluid is examined.
Breast ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Esophagus ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Leukemia ; Leukocyte Count ; Lung ; Melanoma ; Pleural Effusion* ; Pleural Effusion, Malignant ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Stomach ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; Tuberculosis, Pleural

A pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (PEH) is a rare tumor with a vascular origin. A PEH can arise in many organ systems, such as the lung, liver, bone and soft tissues. It is a borderline malignancy but the clinical course is usually benign. In this report, we describe three cases of PEH. Case 1, a 61-year-old man, had nonspecific chest discomfort and the chest X-ray showed a solitary lung nodule. This nodule was diagnosed by an open lung biopsy. The pathologic findings including abundant necrosis, mitosis and hyperchromatic and pleomorphic nuclei, indicated a malignancy. The electron microscopic study showed Weibel-Palade bodies and the immunohistochemical stain for CD31 showed a positive reaction in the tumor cells, and linear staining along the vascular lumina. Case 2, a 34-year-old man, was admitted for an evaluation of multiple small nodules, incidentally detected a screening chest X-ray. The nodules were diagnosed by a immunohistochemical stain for the factor VIII-related antigen. Case 3, a 34-year-old woman, complained of left pleuritic chest pain. A simple chest film and the chest CT scan revealed multiple bilateral nodules and a left pleural effusion. An immunohistochemical stain for the factor VIII-related antigen was used to diagnose the nodules. Forth-one months after the diagnosis, she died of pulmonary insufficiency.
Female ; Humans

OBJECTIVES: The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a marker for inflammation, and it has been identified as a risk factor for atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the plasma ESR level and nocturnal oxygen desaturation or other polysomnographic variables and to examine the role of obesity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). METHODS: This retrospective study included 72 patients with a diagnosis of OSAS who underwent overnight polysomnography and routine blood tests between July and December of 2005. We compared the plasma ESR level with the sum of all the polysomnographic variables and divided the patient group into obese and non-obese patients. RESULTS: The mean ESR level was 8.45 mm/hr. There was a significant difference in the ESR level between genders (P<0.001). A significant correlation was found between the percentage of time spent at a SpO2 below 90% and the ESR level in the obese group (BMI > or =25, N=43, P=0.012). In addition, the ESR levels had a positive correlation with age in the obese group (P=0.002). However, there was no significant correlation with the percentage of time spent at a SpO2 below 90% in the whole group of patients and in the non-obese group (BMI <25, N=29). The ESR level showed no correlation with the other polysomnographic variables. CONCLUSION: The duration of deoxygenation in obese patients with OSAS may be associated with the ESR level which is an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease.
Blood Sedimentation ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Erythrocytes ; Hematologic Tests ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Obesity ; Oximetry ; Oxygen ; Plasma ; Polysomnography ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive