No abstract available.
Lipomatosis*

BACKGROUND: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB) in patients is mainly caused by acquired drug resistance, However, a small proportion of MDR-TB is caused by initial drug resistance(IDR), which may be somewhat different from acquired drug resistance. This study analyzed the clinical characteristics of IDR in MDR-TB patients to use the results as basic data in managing the disease. METHODS: A retrospective study of 30 IDR cases in MDR-TB patients from Jan. 1995 to Dec. 1998 was perormed. In order to analyzed the clinical charcteristics, the age, sex, family history, duration of negative conversion, number of resistant drugs, treatment regimens, duration of treatment, extent of disease and cavitary lesion on the chest X-ray was examined. In order too analyzed the level of improvement, the extent of the disease and cavitary lesion on the chest X-ray, tested by Wilcoxon signed rank sum test, and the disease free interval rate of 1-year and 4-year was examined using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 46.6 years and the sex ratio 1:1. Six(20%) patients had a family history. The mean negative conversin of the sputum AFB stain was 2.6 months. The number of resistant drugs was 7.6 and the number of used drugs 3.6. Twenty-three(67%) patients were treated for less than 12months and 28(93%) patients were treated with first-line drugs. The extent of the disease and the cavitary lesion on the chest X-ray improved after treatment(p<0.05). Among 13 patients who were followed up for 22.6 months, 2(15%) patients relapsed and the disease free interval rate of 1-year and 4-year was 85%. CONCLUSION: It is recommended that the duration of treatment of IDR in MDR-TB with first-line drugs be 9-12 months even if the extent of disease and cavitary lesion on the chest X-ray improves.
Drug Resistance* ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Ratio ; Sputum ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant

Purpose: This study aimed to systematically evaluate literature related to the effects of exercise intervention programs on physical or psychological variables of post-operative breast cancer patients in Korea, and identify the effectiveness of exercise intervention through meta-analysis. Methods: The review question was defined according to PICO-SD (Participants, Intervention, Comparisons, Outcomes, Study Design) to achieve a systematic literature review: “How does exercise intervention affect the physical or psychological outcome in post-operative breast cancer patients compared to the control group?” The subjects were randomized clinical trials (RCTs) studies released in Korea between 2010 and December 2020. Literature searches were conducted using four electronic databases, including Korean Studies Information Service System (KISS), Research Information Sharing Service (RISS), National Assembly Library, and DBpia. The search terms were ‘breast neoplasms’ or ‘breast cancer’ with ‘exercise’ or ‘exercise intervention’ or ‘exercise program.’ A total of 13 RCTs were finally selected. Results: The outcome variables were in the upper extremity range of motion (ROM), shoulder disability, pain and edema. The effect size of exercise intervention on ROM was 0.95(95% CI:0.58, 1.33)( p<.001); shoulder disability was -1.16(95% CI:-1.77, -0.55)(p<.001); pain was -1.24(95% CI:-1.58, -0.89) (p<.001); and edema was -0.03(95% CI:-0.39, 0.33)(p=.858). Conclusion This result suggests that oncology nurses may apply exercise intervention to improve ROM, shoulder disability, and to alleviate pain in post-op breast cancer patients.

Purpose: This study aimed to systematically evaluate literature related to the effects of exercise intervention programs on physical or psychological variables of post-operative breast cancer patients in Korea, and identify the effectiveness of exercise intervention through meta-analysis. Methods: The review question was defined according to PICO-SD (Participants, Intervention, Comparisons, Outcomes, Study Design) to achieve a systematic literature review: “How does exercise intervention affect the physical or psychological outcome in post-operative breast cancer patients compared to the control group?” The subjects were randomized clinical trials (RCTs) studies released in Korea between 2010 and December 2020. Literature searches were conducted using four electronic databases, including Korean Studies Information Service System (KISS), Research Information Sharing Service (RISS), National Assembly Library, and DBpia. The search terms were ‘breast neoplasms’ or ‘breast cancer’ with ‘exercise’ or ‘exercise intervention’ or ‘exercise program.’ A total of 13 RCTs were finally selected. Results: The outcome variables were in the upper extremity range of motion (ROM), shoulder disability, pain and edema. The effect size of exercise intervention on ROM was 0.95(95% CI:0.58, 1.33)( p<.001); shoulder disability was -1.16(95% CI:-1.77, -0.55)(p<.001); pain was -1.24(95% CI:-1.58, -0.89) (p<.001); and edema was -0.03(95% CI:-0.39, 0.33)(p=.858). Conclusion This result suggests that oncology nurses may apply exercise intervention to improve ROM, shoulder disability, and to alleviate pain in post-op breast cancer patients.

Seasonal and climatic variations have been linked to the occurrence of some types of cerebrovascular disease. However, the conditions that lead to intracranial aneurysm rupture are not known. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether predisposing factors are more related to intracranial aneurysm rupture and to determine relation of the stressful condition to intracranial aneurysm rupture. In order to determine the predisposing factors, the authors have examined the relationship between seasonal variation and predisposing factors of cerebral aneurysm. The author investigated activities of the patients and events as well as diurnal and seasonal variations in the onset of subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH) in 336 consecutive patients. The results showed that the onset of SAH was associated with working in 11.0%, defecation and/or urination in 8.3%, sleeping in 6.9% and 4.2% walking. Hypertensive patients in aneurysmal rupture was 36.0%. Subarachnoid hemorrhage occurred during stressful events in 36.3% of the patients, during nonstreneous events in 34.8% and during rest or sleep in 9.8%. The activities or events preceding subarachnoid hemorrhage were not known in the remaining 18.8%. Men were more likely to have suffered their hemorrhages during stressful events than women(47% vs 30%). Peak times of intracranial aneurysm rupture usually occurred from 6 to 11 A.M.(36.0%) and from 4 to 6 P.M.(20.5%). The seasonal variation of the onset of SAH showed the incidence to be slightly higher in winter than in any other seasons. We concluded that the occurrence of subarachnoid hemorrhage display seasonal and diurnal variation. And the precipitation of aneurysmal rupture have two important factors; increased arterial blood pressure and decreased cerebrospinal fluid pressure around the aneurysm. Also, the onset of the subarachnoid hemorrhage is related to the physiological circadian periodicity of blood pressure, climatic change and stressful events.
Aneurysm ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Causality ; Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure ; Defecation ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Life Change Events ; Male ; Periodicity ; Rupture ; Seasons ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage* ; Urination ; Walking

Microcystic meningioma, a distinct morphological variant of meningiomas, is histologically characterized by a vacuolated appearance with multiple cystic spaces lined by vacuolated or stellate-shaped tumor cells. This unusual variant was originally described by Masson, who labeled it "humid". The clinical and morphological findings point toward a benign course. And these unusual morphological variants of meningioma are potentially curable tumor. But there is no definitive method for preoperatively differentiating microcystic meningioma from the malignant glioma. We report a case of microcystic meningioma occurring in the left frontal area of 74 year old woman, with malignant clinical nature.
Aged ; Female ; Glioma ; Humans ; Meningioma*

No abstract available.
Stomach Neoplasms* ; Stomach* ; Water*

The relaxation of the corpus cavernosum smooth muscle, which is main process in penile erection, is controlled by nerves that release cholinergic and nonadrenergic-noncholinergic neurotransmitters as well as vascular endothelium derived relaxing factor(EDRF). But the adrenergically-induced tone maintains the penis in flaccid state. In order to define the physiological role of adrenergic neurotransmission in the local control of penile erection we studied the distribution of alpha adrenergic receptor subtypes and their pharmacological potency in human and rabbit corpus cavernosum tissue. In this study we used yohimbine as the alpha-2 antagonist, which is known to have beneficial therapeutic effect for organic impotence, to assess its neuropharmacological mechanism in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. The alpha-1 : alpha-2 receptor potency was approximately 7.4:1 and 2.2:1 in human and rabbit tissue respectively. These results indicate that the predominant alpha adrenergic receptor is alpha-1 type and alpha-2 receptor antagonist, yohimbine, can not play a main role on the local control of penile erection because of its low receptor potency especially in human corpus cavernosum tissue. It remains possible that yohimbine partially antagonizes the postsynaptic alpha-1 mediated effect or activation of central sympathetic pathway is necessary for the therapeutic effect of yohimbine in human.
Endothelium, Vascular ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Humans* ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Penile Erection ; Penis ; Receptors, Adrenergic ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha* ; Relaxation ; Synaptic Transmission ; Yohimbine

In orthodontic patients, frequently, amalgam restorations are present on the buccal surface of molars. The ability to successfully bond orthodontic brackets and buccal tubes to amalgam restorations would therefore be of clinical value. But the bond strength to total amalgam surface is probably not critical in most instances. Because there is usually a considerable amount of sound enamel surrounding a buccal amalgam filling. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bond strengths of orthodontic brackets according to surface treatments and size of amalgam restorations. Eighty tooth specimen were assigned to four groups according to amalgam size-1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3.0mm diameter-and then divided into two groups : one half was sandblasting group the other half was no sandblasting group. After Bracket bonding, shear bond strength for each specimen was determined and bond failure patterns was evaluated. 1. Shear bond strength of amalgam size 1.5mm group was significantly higher than that of the other groups. (p<0.05) 2. There was no significant difference in the bond strength produced by sandblasting. (p<0.05) 3. Shear bond strength of G and H group of which amalgam restoration ratio to the bracket base sizes were 61% were significantly decreased 50-60% level of that of control group. (p<0.05) 4. There was positive correlation between sandblasting and mARI. (p<0.05) The results of the present study indicate that it may be feasible to bond orthodontic bracket clinically successfully to amalgam restoration with conventional orthodontic resin when its size is less than 50% of that of bracket base.
Dental Enamel ; Humans ; Molar ; Orthodontic Brackets* ; Tooth

The current patient management system has several limitations. To develop the critical pathway (CP) as a cost-effective method via continuous patient management, we investigated the medical records of 77 patients who underwent FP chemotherapy in Seoul National University Hospital from Feb, 1 to 28, 1999. And the pilot study was done to 12 patients admitted to undergo the FP chemotherapy. 1. The vertical contents in the CP consisted of 7 items; assessment, activity, diet, IV therapy, medication, education and evaluation. The duration of the horizontal axis was 6 days from admission to discharge. 2. The medical performance according to the vertical axis in the preliminary CP, consisted of 72 , and modified to 74 items in the final form of CP. 3. The nursing record consisted of a vertical axis of 4 items; assessment, IV therapy, medication and education. The duration of the horizontal axis was 6 days from admission to discharge of hospital days.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Critical Pathways* ; Diet ; Drug Therapy* ; Education ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Nursing Records* ; Nursing* ; Pilot Projects ; Seoul