No abstract available.
Animals ; Bacteria* ; Carcinoma, Lewis Lung* ; Lactic Acid* ; Mice* ; Sarcoma 180* ; Sarcoma*

PURPOSE: We analyzed the oncological outcome and prognostic factor of the chondrosarcoma arising from benign bone tumor due to malignant transformation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From April 1986 to April 2009, 18 cases were considered eligible. We analyzed retrospectively the patient's characteristics and prognostic factors that affect to the local recurrence and distant metastasis. RESULTS: As classified by primary benign bone tumor, 4 cases were solitary osteochondroma, 11 cases were multiple osteochondromatosis and 3 cases were multiple enchondromatosis. The mean follow-up period was 85 months. The 5-year disease free survival rate of 18 patients was 85.9%. Their overall MSTS score was 25.2 (84%). There were local recurrence in 3 cases and no distant metastasis. We found that tumor location and surgical margin affected to the prognosis significantly. CONCLUSION: In secondary chondrosarcoma patients, the prognosis was good relatively and tumor location and surgical margin are important prognosis factor.
Chondrosarcoma ; Disease-Free Survival ; Enchondromatosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Osteochondroma ; Osteochondromatosis ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: We analyzed the oncologic outcome of the malignant transformed benign giant cell tumor of bone. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2000 and February 2012, 5 cases were referred with suspicious malignant transformation of benign giant cell tumor. No patients underwent radiation therapy. RESULTS: After referral, all patients received the wide excision of the tumor and its' pathologic diagnosis were osteosarcoma. As classified by the location of tumor lesion, 3 cases were located in the distal femur, 1 case was in the distal radius and 1 case was in the proximal femur. The average latent period between diagnosis of benign giant cell tumor and diagnosis of secondary malignant giant cell tumor was 49.2 months. (range, 24-126 months) The mean follow-up period was 21.6 months. There were subsequent local recurrence in 2 cases and 3 patients developed distant metastasis. All patients with lung metastasis were dead. CONCLUSION: Malignant transformation of benign giant cell tumor of bone can be occurred within 5 years. Therefore, when benign giant cell tumor suspicious malignant transformation, it is necessary to do more aggressive treatment.
Femur ; Follow-Up Studies ; Giant Cell Tumor of Bone ; Giant Cell Tumors ; Giant Cells ; Humans ; Lung ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Osteosarcoma ; Radius ; Recurrence ; Referral and Consultation

In this study we estimated a geometric correlation among digitally reconstructed radiographic image (DRRI), kV x-ray image (kVXI) from the On-Board Imager (OBI) and electric portal image (EPI). To verify geometric correspondence of DRRI, kVXI and EPI, specially designed phantom with indexed 6 ball bearings (BBs) were employed. After accurate setup of the phantom on a treatment couch using orthogonal EPIs, we acquired set of orthogonal kVXIs and EPIs then compared the absolute positions of the center of the BBs calculated at each phantom plane for kVXI and EPI respectively. We also checked matching result for obliquely incident beam (gantry angle of 315 degrees) after 2D-2D matching provided by OBI application. A reference EPI obtained after initial setup of the phantom was compared with 10 series of EPIs acquired after each 2D-2D matching. Imaginary setup errors were generated from -5 mm to 5 mm at each couch motion direction. Calculated positions of all center positions of the BBs at three different images were agreed with the actual points within a millimeter and each other. Calculated center positions of the BBs from the reference and obtained EPIs after 2D-2D matching agreed within a millimeter. We could tentatively conclude that the OBI system was mechanically quite reliable for image guided radiation therapy (IGRT) purpose.
Radiotherapy, Image-Guided

Acute eosinophilic pneumonia(AEP) was first described in 1989 and represents a clinical entity distinct from chronic eosinophilic pneumonia. AEP is characterized by acute respiratory insufficiency, hypoxemia, fever, diffuse radiographic infiltrates, and eosinophilia in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid or lung biopsies in the absence of infection, atopy, or asthma. Rapid response to corticosteroids is characteristic. We experienced a 47-year-old metal driller presenting typical clinical and radiological characteristics of AEP. We confirmed eosinophilic pneumonia with brochoalveolar lavage analysis and transbronchial lung biopsy. We report a case of AEP diagnosed by clinical, radiographic, and histologic findings with a brief review of the literature.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Anoxia ; Asthma ; Biopsy ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Eosinophilia ; Eosinophils* ; Fever ; Humans ; Lung ; Middle Aged ; Pulmonary Eosinophilia* ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Therapeutic Irrigation

PURPOSE: This study aimed to identify the morbidity in very low birth weight infants (VLBWI) and low birth weight infants (LBWI) in Korea and compare these data with similar data from Japan and the USA. METHODS: The analysis of morbidity in VLBWI in Korea was based on a 2012 survey of morbidity in LBWI in Korea. These findings were compared with the morbidity of VLBWI and LBWI in Japan and the USA. RESULTS: Morbidities in LBWI included jaundice (58.5%), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS; 37.0%), apnea (22.2%), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA; 22.0%), and small for gestational age (SGA; 19.2%). The research findings concerning LBWI morbidity found, high prevalence rates for neonatal jaundice, RDS, PDA, SGA, apnea, and sepsis. Compared with VLBWI morbidity of Japan and the USA, intraventricular hemorrhage, RDS, PDA, and sepsis were more prevalent in Korea, whereas bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, and retinopathy of prematurity occurred at similar frequencies in all 3 countries. CONCLUSION: This study provides a recent nationwide summary of disease-specific morbidity in VLBWI and LBWI in Korea. Based on this study, future research and surveys are needed to identify the disease-specific mortality and survival rates in the field of neonatal intensive care.
Apnea ; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ; Epidemiology ; Gestational Age ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant* ; Infant, Low Birth Weight* ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Japan* ; Jaundice ; Jaundice, Neonatal ; Korea ; Mortality ; Prevalence ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; Sepsis ; Survival Rate

Biliary enteric fistula is an abnormal pathway often caused by biliary disease. It is difficult to diagnose the disease because patients have nonspecific symptoms. A 67-year-old woman presented with hematemesis and melena. She was diagnosed with Dieulafoy lesion on the gastric antrum and underwent endoscopic hemostasis using hemoclips. Follow-up upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed an abnormal opening on a previous treated site that was suggestive of biliary enteric fistula. Abdomen simple X-ray and abdominal dynamic CT scan showed pneumobilia and cholecysto-gastric fistula. The patient had cholecystectomy and wedge resection of the gastric antrum, followed by right extended hemicolectomy because of severe adhesive lesion between the gallbladder and colon. She was diagnosed with cholecysto-gastro-colic fistula postoperatively. We report on this case and give a brief review of the literatures.
Aged ; Biliary Fistula/complications/*diagnosis/surgery ; Cholecystectomy ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; Female ; Gastric Fistula/complications/*diagnosis/surgery ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/complications/*diagnosis ; Humans ; Intestinal Fistula/complications/*diagnosis/surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn is a rare, benign disease usually found in full-term infants. It occurs usually in a few weeks after birth, as one or multiple indurated nodules or plaques on the fat pads-rich fraction of the body and disappeared after few weeks to months. Complications such as hypercalcemia, pain, lipid abnormalities (dyslipidemia), renal failure, and subcutaneous atrophy may occur. We report a case of subcutaneous fat necrosis associated with hypoglycemia and meconium aspiration syndrome in the term infant and review the associated literatures.
Atrophy ; Fat Necrosis ; Humans ; Hypercalcemia ; Hypoglycemia* ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Meconium Aspiration Syndrome* ; Necrosis* ; Parturition ; Renal Insufficiency ; Subcutaneous Fat*

Chronic rejection is a major barrier to long-term renal allograft survival. Cyclosporine, though effective at reducing the graft loss due to acute rejection, has had little impact on the incidence of chronic rejection. Between December 1984 and April 1995, 221 patients received a primary living donor kidney transplantation. In our study, 154 patients(70%) never had an episode of acute rejection, 22% had only one, and 8% had more the one. The incidence of chronic rejection was 12% in those who had no acute rejection, 39% in those with one or more rejection episode. The 5-year graft survival was 28% for recipients with biopsy-proven chronic rejection versus 83% for without(P<0.001). In an univariate analysis, donor age, serum creatinine level at 1 and 2 year post transplantation, cyclosporine dosage at year(<4 mg/kg vs >or=4 mg/kg) were significant risk factors for chronic rejection. In a logistic regression of multivariate analysis, we found that risk factors for chronic rejection were acute rejection episode(P<0.0001) and donor age(P<0.01).
Allografts* ; Creatinine ; Cyclosporine ; Graft Survival ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kidney Transplantation ; Living Donors ; Logistic Models ; Multivariate Analysis ; Risk Factors* ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants

PURPOSE: Transrectal ultrasonography-guided prostate biopsy (TRUS-Bx) is an essential procedure for diagnosing prostate cancer. The American Urological Association (AUA) Guideline recommends fluoroquinolone alone for 1 day during TRUS-Bx. However, this recommendation may not be appropriate in regions where the prevalence of quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli is high. We investigated the real practice of antibiotic prophylaxis for TRUS-Bx in Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 77 hospitals performing TRUS-Bx were identified and an e-mail was sent to the Urology Department of those hospitals. The questions in the e-mail included the choice of antibiotics before and after the procedure and the duration of antibiotic therapy after TRUS-Bx. RESULTS: A total of 54 hospitals (70.0%) responded to the e-mail. Before TRUS-Bx, all hospitals administered intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis. The percentage of hospitals that used quinolone, cephalosporin, and aminoglycoside alone was 48.1%, 20.4%, and 9.3%, respectively. The percentage of hospitals that used two or more antibiotics was 22.2%. After biopsy, all 54 hospitals prescribed oral antibiotics. The percentage of hospitals that prescribed quinolone alone, cephalosporin alone, or a combination of two or more antibiotics was 77.8%, 20.4%, and 1.8%, respectively. The duration of antibiotic use was more than 3 days in most hospitals (79.6%). Only four hospitals (7.4%) followed the AUA recommendation of a 1-day regimen. CONCLUSIONS: The AUA recommendation was not followed by most hospitals in Korea. This clinical behavior might reflect the high quinolone resistance rate in Korea, and further studies on the most efficient prophylactic antibiotics after TRUS-Bx in Korea are warranted.
Aminoglycosides/*administration & dosage ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/*administration & dosage ; Antibiotic Prophylaxis/*methods ; Biopsy/adverse effects ; Cephalosporins/*administration & dosage ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Escherichia coli Infections/*prevention & control ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate/pathology ; Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology ; Quinolones/*administration & dosage ; Republic of Korea