1.Observations on the Grouping Pattern of Scalp Hairs and Compound Hair in a Normal healthy Population.
Seok Jong LEE ; Do Won KIM ; Jae Bok JUN ; Sang Lip CHUNG ; Kuk Hyeong LEE
Korean Journal of Dermatology 1994;32(6):998-1004
BACKGROUND: Although one hair usually arises from a single follicular opening in normal healthy subjects, we can see two or more hairs emerging from the single opening through close inspection. The latter is called "compound hair", described by Lowenthal in 1946, however, few reports on this have been made since. Histopatholoigcally two or more hairs which have an independant external root sheath arise from one follicular opening like its clinical appearance. We examined the distribution and density of compound hair in order to define its difference according to anatomical sites and aging process. OBJECTIVE AND METHOD: We counted the number of hairs in the circle(2 cm in diameter) at te frontal, temporal and occipital scalp of 24 old young men(22.5+/-2.0 years old) and 24 old men(64.4+/-12.9 years old), respectively. RESULTS: The summated number of grouped hair, which was mostly regarded at compound hair, was greater in the young group than in old group in the frontal area, but was smaller in young group than in old group in from the temporal and occipital areas. The proportion of grouped hair to total hair in the older group was lower in the frontal area, but higher in the temporal and occipital areas(p<0.05, p<0.01) according to aging process, however, no significant change was seen between the frontal area and the sum of single hair to compound hair was significantly decreased in the temporal and occipital areas(p<0.05, p<0.01) according to aging process, however, no significant change was seen between the frontal area and the sum of the three tested areas. CONCLUSION: Compound hairs are observed frequently on the scalp of normal healthy subjects and are most frequently seen on the occipital scalp in both of the young and old.
Aging
;
Hair*
;
Scalp*
;
Tuberculosis, Cutaneous
2.Medical Technology of North Korea: with Special Reference to the Content Analysis of Medical Textbooks.
Seok Goo LEE ; Hyeong Ryeol YOON ; Gi Hyo LEE ; Ok Ryun MOON
Korean Journal of Preventive Medicine 1990;23(4):416-427
Unfortunately, we have poor knowledge of medical technology in North Korea. This study has thus attempted to identify the level and status of medical technology development through analyzing the contents of medical textbooks currently in use. This study has assumed that three factors are influencing the level and status of medical technology in a society ; the level of socio-economic development in general, the level of scientific technology revolution and health policy. Forty textbooks are collected for this purpose. The main findings are summarized as follows: 1) North Korea has strengths in that (1) its herb drugs, which are in a broad use, are cheaper, more safe and more attainable than bio-equivalent chemical ones, and (2) the development of its medical technology was carried out with emphasis on the practical and basic health needs. 2) North Korea has weaknesses in that (1) its medical diagnostic method largely depends on manual procedures, (2) the R & D investment in the development of chemical drugs, especially antibiotics, is very small, (3) the amount of medical equipments is in a absolute shortage, and (4) the medical technology is destitute of specialty, caused mainly by the overemphasis on Juche-Uihak or herb medicine. 3) Medical technology has two faces, positive and negative so that it cannot be successfully evaluated by one. It eventually acts a positive function for public health through developments of drug, equipment and new medical treatment method. But it is also true that it has negative effects such as the dehumanization of high cost medical technology, cost hike due to over-investments in expensive equipments, and the absence of wholistic care from overspecialization. 4) We have to consider economic status and the social needs of medical care in order to evaluate the medical technology of a society. It is also the ease with North Korea. A whole picture of the North Korean medical technology could be understood only if further comprehensive studies of medical technology are to be carried out for North Korea.
Anti-Bacterial Agents
;
Dehumanization
;
Democratic People's Republic of Korea*
;
Health Policy
;
Herbal Medicine
;
Investments
;
Public Health
3.A Case of Bilateral Asynchronous Complex and Nonparoxysmal Involuntary Movements of the Arms and Hands in a Clinically Definite Spinal Form of Multiple Sclerosis.
Ki Hyeong LEE ; Beom Seok JEON
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 1994;12(4):793-796
No abstract available.
Arm*
;
Dyskinesias*
;
Hand*
;
Multiple Sclerosis*
4.A Case of Cavernous Type of Angioleimyoma Occurring on the Buttock.
Jae Wang KIM ; Sang Seok KIM ; Kwang Joong KIM ; Chong Ju LEE ; Hyeong Sik SHIN
Annals of Dermatology 1999;11(1):33-36
Angioleiomyoma(ALM) of the cavernous type is a rare subtype of leiomyomas arising from the smooth muscle of veins. ALM of this type invariably shows clinically and histopathologically distinctive features, compared with the classical solid or venous type. However, no case of ALM of this type has been yet reported in Korea although there have been several reported cases of other types. We herein present the case of a 39-year-old man with a 7-year history of a painless ALM of the cavernous type on his buttock with the histological features of markedly ectatic vascular channels and thin intervascular bundles of smooth muscles.
Adult
;
Angiomyoma
;
Buttocks*
;
Humans
;
Korea
;
Leiomyoma
;
Muscle, Smooth
;
Veins
5.Selective Neuronal Damage Produced by beta-fluoroethylacetate Intoxication in Rat Brain.
Ki Hyeong LEE ; Beom Seok JEON ; Duk Lyul NA ; Seong Ho PARK ; Je G CHI
Korean Journal of Pathology 1995;29(3):277-285
Beta-fluoroethylacetate has been extensively used as the rodenticide in Korea. In some patients with acute poisoning, beta-fluoroethylacetate caused cerebellar dysfunction as a single and persistent neurologic sequela after a period of an acute neurological disorder which is characterized by mental deterioration, seizures, and respiratory failure. But there has been no report of pathological findings to explain neurological deficit. We tried to verify the histologic changes of the central nervous systems in beta-fluoroethylacetate poisoned rats. Silver staining(Gallyas) was used to evaluate the histology. In acute intoxication experiment with LD50(7mg/Kg), beta-fluoroethylacetate elicited acute onset of consciousness deterioration, generalized tonic-clonic seizures and large amplitude tremulous activity involving whole body with full recovery after 24 hours. There was no discernible pathologic change in CNS in acutely poisoned rats. However, when poisoned with sublethal dose(5mg/Kg) daily for five days, a moderate degree of nerve cell degeneration was found selectively in dentate nucleus, Purkinie cell layer, vestibulo-cochlear nucleus and striatum. This change was not seen in hippocampus, cerebral cortex or cerebellar cortex. These findings were well correlated with the previous reports of selective pathology in human 5-FU intoxication cases. Our preliminary results suggest that beta-fluoroethylacetate, a kind of cellular metabolism inhibitor may induce selective neuropathology mainly involving cerebellar output pathway in rats.
Humans
;
Rats
;
Animals
;
Poisons
6.The Effect of Having a Regular Doctor as a Primary Care Provider on Emergency Room Utilization in South Korea.
Su Young LEE ; Hyeong Seok LIM
Korean Journal of Family Medicine 2017;38(6):322-326
BACKGROUND: Because primary care is the cornerstone of an effective health care system, many developed countries have striven to establish and strengthen their primary care systems. However, the primary care system in South Korea is not well established, and primary care research is still in its infancy. This study aimed to show the benefits of regular doctors as primary care providers in South Korea by analyzing the effect of regular doctor visits on emergency room (ER) visits. METHODS: We analyzed cross-sectional data on 11,293 adults aged 18 years and over collected from the 2013 Korea Health Panel Survey (beta version 1.0). We classified those participants with and without regular doctors into the treatment and control groups, respectively, and estimated the average treatment effect (ATE) of having a regular doctor on ER visits. We used counterfactual framework and propensity score analysis to adjust for unevenly distributed confounding covariates between treatments and control groups. RESULTS: The estimated conditional ATE of a regular doctor on ER visits was statistically insignificant in the general population (-0.4%; 95% confidence interval [CI], -2.0 to 1.2) and in the subgroup of patients with hypertension (-1.8%; 95% CI, -4.5 to 0.9). However, in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), the estimated ATE was statistically significant (-5.0; 95% CI, -9.2 to -0.7). CONCLUSION: In the total study population, having a regular doctor did not result in a significant difference in ER visits. However, there was a decrease in ER visits in patients with DM in South Korea.
Adult
;
Delivery of Health Care
;
Developed Countries
;
Diabetes Mellitus
;
Emergencies*
;
Emergency Service, Hospital*
;
Humans
;
Hypertension
;
Korea*
;
Primary Health Care*
;
Propensity Score
;
Treatment Outcome
7.Anatomic illustrations of Cranial Ultrasound Images in the Neonate: Objective Analysis of the Oblique Sonographic Scans using MRI and a Reconstruction Program.
Hyeong Geun KO ; Young Seok LEE
Journal of the Korean Society of Medical Ultrasound 2009;28(2):117-125
PURPOSE: We wanted to objectively evaluate the anatomy of the neonatal brain on ultrasound images, and so we reconstructed several oblique magnetic resonance images that corresponded with the oblique ultrasound images by using MRI and a multiplanar reconstruction program. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MRI 3D-SPGR axial scans of the brain were performed for two neonates and then we obtained the reconstructed MR images that were parallel with the direction of the sonographic oblique scanning plane. We made the anatomic models of the neonatal cranial ultrasound images by using axial MRI as the standard reference on the same screen. RESULTS: We created an anatomic atlas, with the representative six oblique coronal scans and six oblique sagittal scans that corresponded to the neonatal brain ultrasound images. CONCLUSION: This objective anatomic research with using MRI and a multiplanar reconstruction program for creating the ultrasound oblique brain images of a neonate will be very helpful for evaluating the ultrasonographic anatomy and to apply it to clinical practice.
Brain
;
Humans
;
Infant, Newborn
;
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
;
Models, Anatomic
8.Complications Following SEMS Insertion for Hemobilia Following Impacted Biliary Basket Removal
Korean Journal of Pancreas and Biliary Tract 2025;30(2):81-86
There have been rare reports of damage to the blood vessels surrounding the bile duct during the gallstone removal process, causing hemobilia. In cases of severe hemobilia with unstable vital signs, insertion of a fully covered self-expanding metallic stent (SEMS) may be considered as salvage therapy. This case reports a patient with common bile duct stones and acute cholangitis who developed massive hemobilia during attempts to resolve basket device incarceration by performing mechanical lithotripsy. Endoscopic hemostasis was successfully achieved by insertion of a SEMS. However, during follow-up, the stent distally dislocated, resulting in rebleeding with a pseudoaneurysm in the surrounding blood vessels. Ultimately, hemostasis failed despite vascular intervention and additional hemostatic procedures, leading to death. Even if a stent is inserted in an appropriate location, hemostasis may not be achieved well, and if the stent migrates, hemobilia may worsen, so close monitoring is required to determine whether bleeding occurs again.
9.Complications Following SEMS Insertion for Hemobilia Following Impacted Biliary Basket Removal
Korean Journal of Pancreas and Biliary Tract 2025;30(2):81-86
There have been rare reports of damage to the blood vessels surrounding the bile duct during the gallstone removal process, causing hemobilia. In cases of severe hemobilia with unstable vital signs, insertion of a fully covered self-expanding metallic stent (SEMS) may be considered as salvage therapy. This case reports a patient with common bile duct stones and acute cholangitis who developed massive hemobilia during attempts to resolve basket device incarceration by performing mechanical lithotripsy. Endoscopic hemostasis was successfully achieved by insertion of a SEMS. However, during follow-up, the stent distally dislocated, resulting in rebleeding with a pseudoaneurysm in the surrounding blood vessels. Ultimately, hemostasis failed despite vascular intervention and additional hemostatic procedures, leading to death. Even if a stent is inserted in an appropriate location, hemostasis may not be achieved well, and if the stent migrates, hemobilia may worsen, so close monitoring is required to determine whether bleeding occurs again.
10.Complications Following SEMS Insertion for Hemobilia Following Impacted Biliary Basket Removal
Korean Journal of Pancreas and Biliary Tract 2025;30(2):81-86
There have been rare reports of damage to the blood vessels surrounding the bile duct during the gallstone removal process, causing hemobilia. In cases of severe hemobilia with unstable vital signs, insertion of a fully covered self-expanding metallic stent (SEMS) may be considered as salvage therapy. This case reports a patient with common bile duct stones and acute cholangitis who developed massive hemobilia during attempts to resolve basket device incarceration by performing mechanical lithotripsy. Endoscopic hemostasis was successfully achieved by insertion of a SEMS. However, during follow-up, the stent distally dislocated, resulting in rebleeding with a pseudoaneurysm in the surrounding blood vessels. Ultimately, hemostasis failed despite vascular intervention and additional hemostatic procedures, leading to death. Even if a stent is inserted in an appropriate location, hemostasis may not be achieved well, and if the stent migrates, hemobilia may worsen, so close monitoring is required to determine whether bleeding occurs again.