No Abstract Available.
Cataract*

Intravitreal silicone oil injection is useful to manage the complicated retinal detachment. However, many comlications including secondary glaucoma can occur followin gsilicone oil injection. We performed this study to investigate the incidence and risk factors of silicone oil induced secondary glaucoma. The medica records of 213 eyes of 210 consecutive patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil injection between January 1990 and June 1997, were reviewed retrospectivel. Fifty five of 213 eyes(25.8%) developed secondary glaucoma. The mean follow-up period was 33.4 months. The mean amount of injected silicone oil was 5.0+/-1.0ml, and 33.4 the mean numbers of operation prior to the silicone oil injection was 2.3. 65.5% of secondary glaucoma was developed within 1 year of silicone oil injection. High preoperative intraocular pressure(IOP) (p=0.004), high myopia(p=0.015) and presence of silicone oil in anterior chamber(p=0.004) increased the incidence of secondary glaucoma significantly. In conclusion, patients who have high preoperative IOP, high myopia and silicone oil in anterior chamber must be carefully followed after silicone oil injection due to high incidence of secondary glaucoma, especially during the first 1 year.
Anterior Chamber ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intraocular Pressure ; Myopia ; Retinal Detachment ; Risk Factors* ; Silicone Oils* ; Vitrectomy

No abstract available.
Necrosis*

We report a case of malignant histiocytosis which began with intermittent fever and scaly skin lesions. A 3-year-old girl presented with erythematous scaly papules on the face and the trunk, and high fever for 3 months. The cutaneous lesions consisted of widespread coin-sized erythematous scaly papules with marginal brownish pigmentation. She was anemic and thrombocytopenic and had impairment of the liver function. Histopathologic study of the skin lesions showed non-specfic findings except for hyperkeratosis. However, bone marrow examination revealed an increased number of histiocytes, mostly immature with active phagocytosis of erythroid cells, myeloid cells, and platelets. She was diagnosed as having malignant histiocytosis and treated with cyclophosphamide and vincristine. She died the next day after the treatment had begun.
Bone Marrow Examination ; Child, Preschool ; Cyclophosphamide ; Erythroid Cells ; Female ; Fever* ; Histiocytes ; Histiocytic Sarcoma* ; Humans ; Liver ; Myeloid Cells ; Phagocytosis ; Pigmentation ; Skin* ; Vincristine

No abstract available.
Erythema* ; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Juvenile*

40 patients who were diagnosed as the palsy of the third, fourth and sixth cranial nerve at Seoul national university hospital, were evaluated to reveal the etiology and clinical feature. The palsy of sixth cranial nerve is most common, and those of third and fourth cranial nerve followed it. Trauma was the most common cause of the palsy of the third, fourth, and sixth cranial nerve. Most of the palsy of the third cranial nerve involved both upper and lower branch, and aberrant regeneration was observed at 8 cases and its major cause was also trauma. The palsy of sixth cranial nerve was more frequently accompanied other cranial nerve palsy than those of the other two. Average recovery rate was 44.8% and, that of the sixth cranial nerve was higher than those of the other two.
Abducens Nerve Diseases* ; Abducens Nerve* ; Cranial Nerve Diseases ; Humans ; Oculomotor Nerve ; Paralysis ; Regeneration ; Seoul ; Trochlear Nerve

Obesity is characterized by excess accumulation of lipids in adipose tissue and other organs, and chronic inflammation associated with insulin resistance and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases are major health concerns. Resistin was first discovered as an adipose-secreted hormone (adipokine) linked to obesity and insulin resistance in rodents. Adipocyte-derived resistin is increased in obese rodents and strongly related to insulin resistance. However, in contrast to rodents, resistin is expressed and secreted from macrophages in humans and is increased in inflammatory conditions. Some studies have also suggested an association between increased resistin levels and insulin resistance, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Genetic studies have provided additional evidence for a role of resistin in insulin resistance and inflammation. Resistin appears to mediate the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by promoting endothelial dysfunction, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, arterial inflammation, and formation of foam cells. Indeed, resistin is predictive of atherosclerosis and poor clinical outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease and ischemic stroke. There is also growing evidence that elevated resistin is associated with the development of heart failure. This review will focus on the biology of resistin in rodents and humans, and evidence linking resistin with type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease.
Adipocytes ; Adipose Tissue ; Arteritis ; Atherosclerosis ; Biology ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cell Proliferation ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Foam Cells ; Heart Failure ; Humans* ; Inflammation ; Insulin Resistance ; Macrophages ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; Obesity ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Resistin* ; Rodentia* ; Stroke

No abstract available.
Metformin

BACKGROUND: The severity of several chronic inflammatory diseases was reported to be associated with polymorphism of the IL-1 receptor antagonist gene(IL-lrn). OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to study the polymorphism of the IL-1rn in vitiligo and in the normal Korean population. METHODS: Thirty one cases of vitiligo and seventy nine normal Koreans as control were studied for the polymorphism of IL-1 rn. RESULTS: The frequency of allele 2 of the IL- I rn in 31 patients with vitiligo was compared with that of the 79 healthy controls. The frequency of allele 2 was 1.6% in vitiligo patients and 3.8% in the normal controls. CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in the frequency of allele 2 between the vitiligo patients and normal controls.
Alleles ; Humans ; Interleukin-1* ; Vitiligo*

No abstract available.
Cardiovascular Diseases* ; Hypoglycemia*