PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of patient education interventions on distress, self-care knowledge and self-care behavior in cancer patients. METHODS: A total of 1,102 studies were retrieved from 6 electronic databases in Korea. From these studies, 18 studies met the inclusion criteria with a total of 850 participants. Two authors independently assessed the methodological quality by Cochrane's Risk of Bias and Methodological Items for Non Randomized Studies. The data were analyzed by the RevMan 5.1 program of Cochrane library. RESULTS: Overall effect size of education interventions on anxiety was -2.12 (95% CI: -3.90, -0.34) (p<.001). The effects on self-care knowledge and self care behavior were -1.08 (95% CI:-1.73, -0.43) (p=.001), and -1.41 (95% CI: -2.13, -0.68) (p<.001), respectively. Publication bias was detected as evaluated by funnel plot, but the fail-safe number was moderate. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that patient education interventions can relieve anxiety and self-care. Further randomized controlled trials studies are needed to evaluate the effects of patient education intervention on depression.
Anxiety ; Bias (Epidemiology) ; Depression ; Education ; Humans ; Korea ; Patient Education as Topic* ; Publication Bias ; Self Care*

PURPOSE: Non-blood transfusion is of increasing interest as more patients are refusing a blood transfusion because of religious belief, infection, or fear of a blood-transmitted disease such as AIDS. This study analyzed clinical findings to help the treatment and management of patients who want a non-blood transfusion. METHODS: Of the 83 patients who visited the non-blood transfusion center in Chosun University Hospital from June 2001 to December 2003, 59 patients had a sufficient clinical record, and these were reviewed retrospectively. We investigated sex, age, the reason for the visit, the reason for refusing a blood transfusion, the degree of anemia, the necessity of the blood transfusion, the histories of transfusion and attempted non-blood transfusion, and the histories of visits to emergency departments and the outcomes. RESULTS: The male-to-female ratio was 1:2.93, and the most prevalent ages of the patients were in the forties (26 patients) and thirties (10 patients). The reasons for refusing a blood transfusion were religion (48 patients, 81.4%), risk of infection (1 patients, 1.7%), and other (10 patients, 16.9%). Among the specialty departments, the proportions of patients from the departments of obstetrics and gynecology, internal medicine, general surgery and orthopedics were 40.7% (24 patients), 25.4%, 11.9%, and 6.8%, respectively. Of the patients, 28 patients (47.5%) were admitted directly to the emergency department, and 39 patients (66.1%) were operated on. A blood transfusion was considered to be necessary for 16 patients (27.1%), but only a 2 patients (3.4%) actually received a blood transfusion. Of those 14 patients, 3patients (21.4%) died. After admission, 17 patients (29.8%) received a non-blood transfusion. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the patients visited the non-blood transfusion center for religious reasons, and the majority of the patients were admitted from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Many of the patients medically should have received blood transfusion, but only a few actually did.
Anemia ; Blood Transfusion* ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Internal Medicine ; Obstetrics ; Orthopedics ; Religion ; Retrospective Studies

Poroid hidradenoma is a benign soft-tissue neoplasm with eccrine differentiation. It is a recent variant of the eccrine poroma group. It is made up of poroid and cuticular cells and has both solid and cystic components contained entirely within the dermis. We report a case of poroid hidradenoma in a 55-year-old female who presented with a solitary, bluish nodule on the lateral aspect of her left shin.
Acrospiroma* ; Dermis ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Poroma

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in behavioral characteristics and parental stress between allergic and nonallergic elementary school children. METHODS: Ninety-one elementary school children who had allergic disease were enrolled (asthma, n=27; allergic rhinitis, n=35; combined, n=29). Also one hundred six nonallergic elementary school children were enrolled for the control group. The Korean Child Behavior Check List (K-CBCL) and Korean Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (K-PSI-SF) were completed by their mothers. RESULTS: According to the analysis of K-CBCL, the score for Internalizing, anxious/depressed and somatic complaints were significantly higher in the combined group than in the control group. The score for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-affective problems in the combined group and DSM-somatic problems were significantly higher in the asthma group than in the control group. According to the analysis of K-PSI-SF, the score for parental distress was significantly higher in the allergic rhinitis group than in the control group. The scores for behavioral problems and parental stress were significantly correlated to allergic disease groups. CONCLUSION: Behavioral problems and parental stress were significantly associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis. The results of this study suggest the importance of psychosocial support for mothers and children with allergic diseases.
Asthma* ; Child Behavior ; Child* ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Humans ; Mothers ; Parenting ; Parents* ; Problem Behavior ; Rhinitis, Allergic*

PURPOSE: In response to a growing threat of violence in hospitals, we examined a specific educational effort to reduce emergency department (ED) violence in the shortterm. METHODS: Cross-sectional prospective surveys were conducted at Chosun University Hospital Emergency Center during a baseline period from May 26 to Jul. 9. 2003, and during a post-education period from Aug. 7 to Sep. 20. 2003. Questions addressed the degree of violence, the reason for the violence, demographic information about the perpetrator of the violence, the outbreak time of the violence and the response of emergency personnel. RESULTS: After an education program on violence, the rate of violent events in the ED was decreased by 23.5%. A notable change was that ED workers handled the violence more positively during the post-education period by isolating or restraining the aggressor. Almost all of the violence was caused by males, particularly those in their third or fourth decade. The violence occurred mostly on the night shift. Of the violence, 52.4% was caused by the patient while 34.8% was caused by the patient's guardian. The leading causes of violence were drunkenness and delays in laboratory tests and treatment. Verbal abuse and threats were the most concern forms of violence. CONCLUSION: Violent events are frequent in the ED. Education programs may reduce the number of events at least temporarily.
Alcoholic Intoxication ; Education* ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Humans ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Violence*

OBJECTIVE: Endometriosis is a common gynecological disorder caused by ectopic implantation of endometrial glandular and stromal cells outside the uterine cavity. Among several types of endometriosis, endometrioma is the only subtype that could be determined preoperatively using pelvic ultrasonography, and guidelines recommend pathologic confirmation of endometrioma greater than 3 cm in diameter. However, although surgery is performed in cases of endometrioma, endometrioma has a high cumulative rate of recurrence. Therefore, because determining the possibility of recurrence before performance of initial surgery is important, we examined preoperative factors associated with recurrent endometrioma. METHODS: This was a retrospective, comparative study including 236 patients who visited the outpatient clinic between January 2009 and December 2011. Patients who were pathologically diagnosed with endometrioma were included in this study. They were followed up postoperatively and were divided into two groups according to presence of recurrent endometrioma. RESULTS: We examined associations between baseline factors and recurrent endometrioma. In multivariate analysis, dysmenorrhea and cyst septation were statistically significant after adjusting with age, parity, surgical staging and postoperative management. We examined cumulative recurrence free survival within cases of recurrent endometriosis, based on the presence of inner cyst septation. The cumulative recurrence free survival was lower in cases with septation. CONCLUSION: Our study found that recurrent endometrioma is more likely in patients with inner cyst septation and the recurrence occurred within a shorter duration of time than in patients without inner cyst septation on preoperative ultrasonography. Therefore intensive caution and postoperative long term medical therapy would be appropriate in patients with inner cyst septation on preoperative ultrasonography before undergoing primary surgery for endometrioma.
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Dysmenorrhea ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Humans ; Multivariate Analysis ; Parity ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors* ; Stromal Cells ; Ultrasonography

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a heparin-dependent antibody-mediated platelet activating syndrome frequently accompanying thrombocytopenia, thromboembolism. We experienced a case of cardiopulmonary bypass using hirudin, a direct thrombin inhibitor, in a patient with HIT. The patient who showed thrombocytopenia and thrombosis after heparin re-exposure was highly suspected of having HIT. Hirudin was used in this case as an anticoagulating agent during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) to prevent serious complications of heparin. Hirudin 0.3 mg/kg was mixed with a priming solution of CPB and a 0.2 mg/kg IV bolus followed by a continuous infusion of hirudin 0.15 mg/kg given for anticoagulation. After CPB, forced diuresis and platelet transfusion was performed and the patient was recovered without complication.
Blood Platelets ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass* ; Diuresis ; Heparin ; Hirudins* ; Humans ; Platelet Transfusion ; Thrombin ; Thrombocytopenia* ; Thromboembolism ; Thrombosis

The purpose of this study is to present the information on the duration of treatment and the cost of work-related low back pain. Using the compensation-database for 1997 work-related low back pain (n=9,277), this study estimated the duration of treatment, the cost of work-related low back pain, the relationship between them, and probability of being off treatment at different intervals. The mean and the median of the treatment duration are 252.6 days and 175 days. The mean and the median of the cost of total insurance benefit are 37,700,000 won and 14,400,000 won. The treatment duration of 51% of the study subjects was less than 6 months and their cost accounted for 10.2% of the total insurance benefit. The subjects who were treated more than 24 months were 5.8% but it accounted for 29.2% of the cost. It was found that approximately 50% of the subjects who will remain on treatment at the end of n months would be off treatment at the end of n+5 months. This study presents the point in time when the low back pain (LBP) workers need to prepare to return to work by forecasting their off-treatment period. From the treat duration and cost perspectives, this study may be utilized as evidence for active management of work-related LBP.
Absenteeism ; Back Injuries/*therapy ; Bayes Theorem ; *Cost of Illness ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Disability Evaluation ; Humans ; Insurance, Health ; Korea ; Low Back Pain/*therapy ; Sick Leave ; Time Factors ; Work ; Workers' Compensation

Extramedullary myeloma refers to the presence of myeloma deposits outside the skeletal system and typically indicates a poor prognosis associated with shorter overall survival and progression- free survival. We report a case of extramedullary myeloma with extensive, abdominal multi-organ involvement mimicking lymphoma at initial diagnosis. Bulky retroperitoneal masses with severe diffusion restriction and patency of encased vessels can be MR findings of both myeloma and lymphoma. Radiologic findings such as arterial hyperenhancement, obstructive uropathy, and the lack of associated lymphadenopathy may favor a diagnosis of myeloma over lymphoma.

No abstract available.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Cholecystitis/diagnostic imaging/*etiology/therapy ; Churg-Strauss Syndrome/*complications/diagnosis/drug therapy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Gallstones/diagnostic imaging/*etiology/therapy ; Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Lymphadenopathy/diagnostic imaging/*etiology/therapy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mediastinum ; Methylprednisolone/therapeutic use ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome