Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LGESS) with intravascular extension is very rare, with only 26 cases having been reported. We experienced a case of LGESS with inferior vena cava (IVC) extension. A 60-year-old female presented with left leg edema. She had a history of total hysterectomy, and was diagnosed of leiomyoma at that time. On imaging study, tumor masses were located around both common iliac veins (CIV), and within the CIV and IVC. The pelvic masses on both side and IVC mass were resected, and then the patient received adjuvant hormonal therapy and radiotherapy over the remnant pelvic masses. LGESS with IVC extension is difficult to distinguish from intravascular leiomyomatosis. LGESS is a malignant disease and commonly recurs, even in early stages. Accurate diagnosis, complete resection, proper adjuvant therapy and close follow-up are very important.
Diagnosis ; Edema ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Iliac Vein ; Korea ; Leg ; Leiomyoma ; Leiomyomatosis ; Middle Aged ; Radiotherapy ; Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal* ; Vena Cava, Inferior*

The ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is a rare but serious complication of ovulation induction therapy with gonadotropin. The clinical manifestations are generalized edema, ascites with pleural effusion and may become life-threatening in severe cases. The pathophysiology is still unknown therefore, the treatment should be symptomatic and conservative. We report a case of severe OHSS with massive right pleural effusion in excess of ten liters after human menopausal gonadotropin therapy because of secondary infertility. Fluid and electrolyte imbalances were corrected and albumin was administered. A right chest tube was placed for a total of sixteen days, draining eleven liters of pleural effusion totally, resulting a dramatic decrease of pleural effusion and improvement of symptoms.
Ascites ; Chest Tubes ; Edema ; Female ; Gonadotropins ; Humans ; Infertility ; Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome* ; Ovulation Induction ; Pleural Effusion*

OBJECTIVES: Schizophrenia patients have deficits of prediction and learning related to dopaminergic dysfunction. It is hypothesized that there would be different characteristics in associative learning of reward approach and loss aversion between controls and patients. METHODS: Participants were 23 healthy participants and 20 out-patients fulfilling criteria for schizophrenia according DSM-IV-TR. Using a monetary incentive contingency reversal task, successful learning rates, numbers of trials and errors till learning, numbers of trials of maintaining learning, response times were measured. Characteristics of learning were compared between controls and patients. RESULTS: Physical anhedonia and PANSS negative symptom scores correlated with the number of trials while loss aversion was maintained. Overall correct response rates were decreased in patient group, particularly during reward approach learning. Patients required more trials and errors to learn reward approach than controls. There were no significant differences in learning performance and reaction times between groups during loss avoidance learning. CONCLUSION: These results support previous reports of deficits in reward-driven learning in schizophrenia. However, anhedonia and negative symptoms were associated with the preserved function of loss avoidance learning.
Anhedonia ; Avoidance Learning ; Humans ; Learning ; Motivation ; Outpatients ; Reaction Time ; Reinforcement (Psychology) ; Reward ; Schizophrenia

In order to ascertain the role of TNF-alpha in pulmonary tuberculosis, we determined the TNF-alpha productivity of alveolar macrophages(AMs) obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage(BAL), along with the level of TNF-alpha in the serum of patients with tuberculosis including pulmonary, miliary, and endobronchial tuberculosis, healthy controls, and pulmonary diseases such as diffuse interstitial lung disease (DILD) and pneumonia. AMs from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis did not produce a larger amount of TNF-alpha than did those from the healthy control subjects. However, among the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, the AMs from the fresh and reactivated groups produced a larger amount of TNF-alpha than those from the inactive group. AMs from patients showing positivity in culture produced a larger amount of TNF-alpha than those showing negativity. The average level of serum TNF-alpha in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was slightly higher than that of the healthy control group. Among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, significantly increased levels of serum TNF-alpha were noted in the reactivated group compared to those of the fresh and inactive group. Patients with moderate to far-advanced infiltration on their chest X-rays, showed a significantly higher level of serum TNF-alpha than those with minimal involvement on the chest X-ray. Smokers from the healthy control group showed a significantly higher level of serum TNF-alpha than non-smokers from the same group. These results suggest that an increase in the production of TNF-alpha may correspond with the severity of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/metabolism ; Humans ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Pulmonary Alveoli/metabolism ; Tuberculosis, Miliary/metabolism ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/etiology/*metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/*biosynthesis

The incidence of anomalous aortic origin of the coronary arteries in the general papulation is unknown. In recent reports from various laboratories, the incidence was between 0.6-12% in patients referred for coronary arteriogtaphy. Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the left sinus of Valsalva is reported to constitute from 6% to 27% of all coronary anomalies, For many years pathologists classified it as a minor anomaly of no clinical importance. Recently, manifstations of myocardial ischemia have been described in patients with this anomaly in the absence of additional atherosclerotic or other disease processes. These manifestations have included acute myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, syncope, nonfatal ventricular fibrillation, and sudden death. We report a case of 56-year-old male with the anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the left sinus of Valsalva, who had been admitted due to severe substernal chest pain and acute inferior wall myocardial infarction. The coronary angiography revealed that the right coronary artery originated from the left coronary sinus without significant atheroscleotic narrowing. The anomalous right coronary artery passed anteriorly between pulmonary artery and aortic root without significant coronary obstruction.
Angina Pectoris ; Chest Pain ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Sinus ; Coronary Vessels ; Death, Sudden ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Pulmonary Artery ; Sinus of Valsalva ; Syncope ; Ventricular Fibrillation

Colorectal Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Estradiol* ; Female ; Follicular Fluid*

In order to study the range of flight and feeding activity of Anopheles sinensis, the dispersal experiment was conducted in Paju city, located in the northern part of Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea, during the period of 7th to 28th September 1998. Unfed females An. sinensis were collected in cowshed and released after being marked with fluorescent dye at 23:00 hours on the same day. Released female mosquitoes were recaptured everyday during 21 days using light traps, which were set at 10 sites in the cowsheds located 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 km north-northwest and north-northeast and at 3 sites located 1, 6 and 9 km toward south-west from the release point. In addition, to study the longest flight distance in one night, we set the light traps at 16 and 20 km toward north-northeast from the release site. All the collected mosquitoes were placed on filter papers and observed on UV transilluminator after treatment with one drop of 100% ethanol. Out of 12,773 females of An. sinensis released, 194 marked females mosquitoes were recaptured, giving 1.52% recapture rate. Of 194, 72 mosquitoes (37.1%) were recaptured in light traps from three places set at 1 km from the release point, 57 mosquitoes (29.4%) from two places at 1-3 km, 41 mosquitoes (21.1%) from three places at 3-6 km, 20 mosquitoes (10.3%) from three places at 6-9 km, and 4 mosquitoes (2.1%) from two places at 9-12 km. Since 170 female mosquitoes (87.6%) out of 194 marked mosquitoes were captured within 6 km from the release point, this flight radius represents the main activity area. An sinensis was found to be able to fly at least 12 km during one night.
Animals ; Anopheles/*physiology ; Entomology/methods ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; *Flight, Animal ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Korea ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Time Factors

In esophageal perforation, fistulous tracts commonly occur between the esophagus and mediastinal or pleural spaces, but rarely between the esophagus and bronchi. The clinical manifestations and radiologic findings of esophageal perforation are nonspecific, and diagnosis is the often delayed; esophagography is the standard technique for evaluation of its location and degree. CT is useful in demonstrating the extraluminal manifestations of esophageal perforation and for follow-up after medical treatment, and may depict the various manifestations of perforation, according to the causes.
Bronchi ; Diagnosis ; Esophageal Perforation ; Esophagus ; Follow-Up Studies*

A broad spectrum of colonic complications can occur in patients with colon cancer. Clinically, some of these complications can obscure the presence of underlying malignancies in the colon and these complications may require emergency surgical management. The complications of the colon that can be associated with colon cancer include obstruction, perforation, abscess formation, acute appendicitis, ischemic colitis and intussusception. Although the majority of these complications only rarely occur, familiarity with the various manifestations of colon cancer complications will facilitate making an accurate diagnosis and administering prompt management in these situations. The purpose of this pictorial essay is to review the CT appearance of the colonic complications associated with colon cancer.
Abdominal Abscess/complications/radiography ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Appendicitis/complications/radiography ; Colitis, Ischemic/complications/radiography ; Colon/*radiography ; Colonic Diseases/complications/radiography ; Colonic Neoplasms/*complications/*radiography ; Female ; Humans ; Intestinal Diseases/*complications/*radiography ; Intestinal Obstruction/complications/radiography ; Intussusception/complications/radiography ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/*methods