No abstract available.
Catheters* ; Renal Dialysis*

No abstract available.
Critical Illness* ; Hemofiltration* ; Humans

No abstract available.
C-Peptide* ; Child* ; Diabetes Mellitus* ; Histocompatibility Testing* ; Humans ; Insulin* ; Islets of Langerhans*

No abstract available.
Necrosis*

Pneumoconisosis was the first reported occupational disease in korea and was the most common occupational disease until 1990. Nowadays pneumoconiosis is the second most common occupational disease which accounts for more than at least 40% of all the occupational diseases in Korea. Many studies have been carried out in the prevalence rate, incidence rate, and risk factors assessment of pneumoconiosis. Workers exposed to dust used to take health examination once annually by the Industrial Safety and Health Act(1981). The number of coal workers has steadily decreased due to coal rationalization projects which have been strongly driven by the government since 1988 and the occupational environment has been improving. So, the incidence rate of pneumoconiosis will probably be lower in the future. But a disease control system administed for patient control and compensation, which is not involved in epidemiologic studies may not figure out the prevalence rate, incidence rate, mortality rate and the extent of severity of pneumoconiosis. Several problems and expected solutions are mentioned here as follows: 1. workers exposed to dust and pneumoconiosis patients are under government control, but the retired workers are not. Since we evaluate only visiting retired workers, we don't know exactly the current status and whole scale of the retired workers. If possible, the construction of cohort in all the retired workers is needed. 2. Since most of pneumoconiosis patients retired from the work and had changed their job, it is difficult to figure out the prevalence rate of pneumoconiosis just depending on the annual health exam for those workers at risk. So, systemic control for all pneumoconiosis patients is needed. 3. It is difficult to diagnose the onset of pneumoconiosis. We make a decision the time when the patient is diagnosed with pneumoconiosis on its onset. It is difficult to estimate it, especially in the case of retired workers because we can evaluate only persons with respiratory symptoms. The solution of such a problem is construction of cohort in all of the retired workers. 4. Because the patients who died outside of hospital don't seem to be reported, the mortality rate of pneumoconiosis is underestimated. So, systemic control and follow-up observation for all pneumoconiosis patients is needed. 5. A definite severity classification criteria for pneumoconiosis hasn't been established in Korea. We should try to make one. 6. Since workers who had exposed to dust in various mines at least 1 yr are subject to pneumoconiosis laws, workers easily don't report their full dust exposure history. Therefore we can't obtain the exact lifetime dust exposure from administrative data. We should try to make basic raw data of whole dust exposure in workers. It's concluded that the construction of cohort in workers who are or were exposed to dust in various mines is required and epidemiologic study of pneumoconiosis should be carried out with the administrative control of pneumoconiosis side by side. With the database of these materials, we can speculate and devise the measure for the further affecting subjects who are presumed to be most common in manufacturing industries.
Classification ; Coal* ; Cohort Studies ; Compensation and Redress ; Dust ; Epidemiologic Studies* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jurisprudence ; Korea* ; Mortality ; Occupational Diseases ; Pneumoconiosis* ; Prevalence ; Rationalization ; Risk Factors

Multi -Vertical Loop Arch Wire(MVLAW) is a kind of appliance for uprighting the mesially inclined posterior teeth axes simultaneously. In this study MVLAW was classified as 3 types by modifing the vertical loop design and named type A, B and C. Each MVLAW was fabricated from .017" x .025" TMA wire and preactivated at the distal end of the open vertical loop with 10 degree tip-back bend(type B has an electric welding stop at the distal end of each loop and type C has no electric welding stop). Type A MVLAW was preactivated at the apex of each open vertical loop with 10 degree tip-back bend(the electric welding stop of type A is positioned at the mesial side of each loop). The aim of the present study was to identify when and which MVLAW is more effective to correct the buccal segment axes simultaneously. The photoelastic overview of the upper and lower right quadrant showed that stress concentrations were observed in its photoelastic model. The obtained results were as follows: 1. Higher level compression can be seen clearly at the distal curvature of the lower 1st and 2nd molar when A type MVLAW was applied without short class III elastic, but mild compression cannot be seen at the distal curvature of lower anterior teeth using the class III elastic. 2. Higher concentration was presented at the mesial curvature from the lower 1st premolar to the 2nd molar than the anterior teeth when B type MVLAW without short class III elastic was applied, but using the short class III elastic, higher concentration of compression was presented in the anterior teeth area. 3. Areas of higher compression and tension were not observed at the mesial and distal curvature of the entire lower teeth except lower central and lateral incisors in C type MVLAW without short class III elastic, but using the short class III elastic, higher concentration was seen at the mesial curvature of the lower 1st premolar and lower anterior teeth.
Bicuspid ; Incisor ; Molar ; Tooth ; Welding

No abstract available.
Follow-Up Studies* ; Pneumonectomy*

BACKGROUND: Sepsis is a clinical syndrome characterized by a systemic inflammatory and hemodynamic response to severe bacterial infections that involve various mediators. Endothelin (ET)-1, a potent vasocon strictor is associated with multiple organ failure, and interleukin (IL)-8, a proinflammtory cytokine, plays a major role in neurophil activation. Both have been reported to be useful parameters in the clinical assessment of sepsis. The levels of ET-1 and IL-8 in the blood were measured in patients with sepsis, and the correlation of both parameters and their relationship with the clinical data was assessed. METHODS: 19 sepsis patients and 17 controls were studied. Blood samples of the sepsis patients were drawn in day 1, 3, 7, and 14. the APACHE III scores were calculated in concurrent days. The ET-1 and IL-8 levels were measured using immunoassay methods. RESULTS: The ET-1 levels of patients with sepsis were significantly higher than in the controls. In patients with sepsis, non-survivors had higher ET-1 levels than survivors on day 1 and 7, and patients with shock also had higher ET-1 levels than normotensive patients on admission. The ET-1 levels were significantly correlated wit the creatinine levels in day 1, 7, and 14. The IL-8 levels showed a significant correlation with the ET-1 levels on day 14. CONCLUSION: ET-1 was found to be closely related with the clinical outcome, shock, and renal failure, and showed a correlation with IL-8. these mediators can be considered not only to play pathophysiologic roles but also as useful parameters in the clinical assessment of sepsis.
APACHE ; Bacterial Infections ; Creatinine ; Endothelin-1* ; Endothelins ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Immunoassay ; Interleukin-8* ; Interleukins ; Multiple Organ Failure ; Naphazoline ; Renal Insufficiency ; Sepsis* ; Shock ; Survivors

The degree of facial asymmetry in P -A cephalogram may differ from that we felt in clinical examination. The purpose of this study was to find out the P -A cephalometric measurements affecting the visual facial asymmetry. Fifty four adult patients who had been diagnosed as the facial asymmetry in clinical examination were selected for this study. Through the analysis of facial photograph and P -A cephalogram, the following results were obtained: 1. In linear measurements, Me (Menton) to MSR (Mid -sagittal reference line), Cd (Condylion) to Me, Ag (Antegonion) to Me, and Ag to MSR were significantly related with facial asymmetric index. 2. In angular measurements, angle Cg -Me plane to MSR, angle ANS -Me plane to MSR, and angle Cd - Ag -Me were significantly related with facial asymmetric index. Especially, angle Cg -Me plane to MSR, angle ANS -Me plane to MSR were highly related. 3. In surface measurements, Cg -Ag -Ag ' and Cd -Ag -Me -Cd ' were significantly related with facial asymmetric index. The results of this study suggested that menton point was the most affected landmark in visual facial asymmetry.
Adult ; Facial Asymmetry* ; Humans

Patients with central serous chorioretinopathy complain of decreased vision, micropsia, metamorphopsia, and central scotoma due to sensory retinal detachment. Morphologic characteristics of the sensory retinal detachment were described using Heidelberg retina tomograph. We inspected the changes in morphology according to certain time interval in 28 eyes and correlated them with the changes in visual acuity and symptoms. The mean width,length, height, area and volume of the detached sensory retina at initial examina- tion were 2.86 +/-1.08 mm, 2.60 +/-0.97mm, 0.30 +/-0.10mm, 6.82 +/-4.70mm2 and 0.77 +/-0.68mm3, respectively. Of the 7 eyes that had been followed, improvement of vision preceded improvement of other symptoms but, this was not statistically significant. The extent of sensory retinal detachment reduced with time and the maximal reduction occurred during the first month from the initial visit. The volume reduction (87.4%) was greater than the area reduction (52.3%) at the time of visual improvement
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy ; Humans ; Retina ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Scotoma ; Vision Disorders ; Visual Acuity