BACKGROUND: Epidural morphine is effective in the treatment of postoperative pain, but the incidence of associated side effects is high. To evaluate the reduction of opioid sideeffects by epidural use of droperidol mixture, this study was performed. METHODS: Randomly sampled sixty patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery were divided into two groups. To assess a reduction of opioid side effects by droperidol, group I (n=30) were received 3mg morphine and 0.15% bupivacaine 10ml through the indwelling epidural catheter before the conclusion of operation, followed by an infusion of 6 mg morphine plus 0.15% bupivacaine 100ml with the two day infusor. Group II (n=30) were treated with the same protocol as group I but 1.5 mg of droperidol was added to initial bolus and 5mg of droperidol to the two day infusor. Analgesic effect and side effect were 48 hours after operation. RESULTS: No significant differences in intensity of analgesiaand sedation were seen. The intensity of nausea and vomiting in the group II was significantly less than in the group I at 8, 12 hours after operation (p<0.05). The intensity of pruritus in group II was significantly less than in group I at 4, 8 hours of postoperative period (p<0.05). The frequency of nausea, vomiting, pruritus and urinary retention in group II were less than in group I. respiratory depression. Epidural injection of droperidol did not result in any local or systemic side effects. CONCLUSION: The addition of epidural droperidol significantly reduced the side effects of epidural morphine without altering the effect on analgesia.
Analgesia ; Bupivacaine ; Catheters ; Droperidol* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infusion Pumps ; Injections, Epidural ; Morphine* ; Nausea ; Pain, Postoperative ; Postoperative Period ; Pruritus ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Urinary Retention ; Vomiting

PURPOSE: Chronic prostatitis is a common diagnosis, and the morbidity of this disease results from a constellation of genitourinary symptoms. We surveyed a population of 19 year old Korean men using National I nstitutes of Health Chronic Protatitis symptom Index, evaluated symptomatology associated with chronic prostatitis and gathered epidemiologic data about this disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During May 2000, a total of 4339 male residents in the area of Chung-nam including Taejeon city visited the Military Manpower Administered questionnaire. and the impact of symptoms on quality of life. the results were analyzed statistically by PC-SPSS version 7.5. RESULTS: There were statistically significant correlations among every item and domain, respectively by Pearson's correlation analysis (p=0.00). Pain domain significantly contributed to predicting quality of life domain and explained 42% of the variance on quality of life domain (r=0.65,p=0.00). The change in the amount of explained variance was significant when entering urinary symptoms domain (r(2)change=0.19,p=0.00). Overall pain and urinary symptoms domain predicted 61% of the variance in quality of life domain (r=0.78,p=0.00). If a score of 6 in quality of life domain was determined to the cut-off score of the chronic prostatitis, the prevalence of the chronic prostatitis was 3.8%. CONCLUSIONS: the National Institutes of Health chronic prostatitis and pain and urinary symptoms significantly contribute towards explaining variances in quality of life. although there data show much less common prevalence than most nonpopulation studies suggest, we suggest that chronic prostatitis is a common disease in Korean men if one consider that our data were surveyed in only 19 year old men.
Daejeon* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Military Personnel ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Prevalence ; Prostatitis* ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to identify Korean high school students' health behaviors and perceived stress and to examine effects of their health behaviors on their stress perception. METHODS: The subjects were 33,744 high school students who participated in the 11th Korea youth risk behavior web-based survey 2015 in Korea. Data were analyzed using complex samples analysis with the PASW 18.0 program. The questionnaire utilized in this study is designed to find the subjects' general characteristics, health behaviors, and perceived stress. RESULTS: The prevalence of subjects with high level stress was 38.9%(n=13,137) in this study. There were significant differences in the general characteristics and stress perception among the Korean high school students in terms of gender, grade, school achievement, family's affluence, mother's education, perceived happiness, perceived health status, and stressor. The variables of health behaviors of Korean high school students were significantly different from stress perception. Under complex samples logistic regression, predictive factors of stress for the high school students include gender, grade, father's education, family's affluence, living arrangement, perceived health status, perceived happiness, current smoking, current alcohol experience, and enough sleep. CONCLUSION: The study suggests multilateral efforts are needed to help high school students' stress management including health behaviors for high school students.
Adolescent ; Education ; Happiness ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Prevalence ; Residence Characteristics ; Risk-Taking ; Smoke ; Smoking

BACKGROUND: Although an oxidants and antioxidants imbalane has been considered in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), there is a paucity of reports focussing on the smoking-induced changes of oxidants and antioxidants in COPD. METHOD: The concentration of antioxidants (ascorbic acid, uric acid, retinol, and α- &γ-tocopherol) was measured in the serum and induced sputum of 30 healthy controls and 34 stable COPD patients using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The inhibition of lipid peroxidation as an index of antioxidant capacity was measured in the serum by a TBA assay. RESULTS: The serum concentration of ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, and retinol were significantly lower in the patients with COPD than in healthy controls (484.8±473.3 vs 1497.8±819.2 pmol/L, p<0.001, 48.38±17.34 vs 73.96±26.29 pmol/L, p<0.001, and 9.51±8.33 vs 15.01±5.88 pmol/L, p<0.05, respectively, mean±SD). However, there were little differences in the ascorbic acid and uric acid concentrations in the induced sputum between the COPD patients and the controls. The induced sputum to serum ratio of ascorbic acid was significantly higher in COPD patients compared with healthy control (0.375 vs 0.085, p<0.05). In the normal controls, the serum ascorbic acid concentration was lower in smokers than in nonsmokers (1073±536 vs 1757±845 pmol/L, p<0.05), but the level was still higher than that of the COPD patients (p<0.05). The serum retinol levels were correlated with FEV1 in COPD patients (r=0.58, p<0.05). The products of lipid peroxidation were increased in normal smokers and COPD compared with normal nonsmokers (115.56±19.93 and 120.02±24.56 vs 91.87±20.71 µmol/µmol Pi of liposome, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Cigarette smoking may induce the depletion of serum antioxidants and this depletion of antioxidants is suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of COPD.
Antioxidants* ; Ascorbic Acid ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Humans ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Liposomes ; Oxidants ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive* ; Smoking ; Sputum* ; Uric Acid ; Vitamin A

No abstract available.
Animals ; Cattle* ; Lymphocytes*

In this abstract we report on two cases of aberrant breast tissue of the perineum in a 41-year-old and a 42-year-old woman with the complaint of a slowly growing vulvar mass. The masses were not fixed, they were ovoid, rubbery firm and measured 3 x 2.5 and 4 x 3 cm in size. Microscopically, they revealed normal lobular architecture with focal papillomatosis in the former.
Adult ; Breast/*pathology ; Case Report ; Choristoma/*pathology ; Female ; Human ; Perineum/*pathology

No abstract avaiable.
Glucose* ; Homeostasis*

BACKGROUND: Social support is defined as interpersonal transaction ; the giving of symbolic or material aid to another. It has been shown to have both buffering effects and direct beneficial effects on diverse health related outcomes. But there has been the dearth of well-validated measurement instruments. This article describes the development of Korean version of the Duke-UNC functional social support questionnaire(DUFSS), focusing on the aspect of social support. METHODS: The 13-item, self-administered questionnaire was translated to Korean language. It was evaluated on 177 patients attending the family medicine clinic of Seoul National University Hospital during one month(November, 1996.) Comparisons to the family APGAR, COOP/ WONCA functional status chart are made to assess validity. Factor analyses are performed. Correlation of the questionnire score with the sum of family APGAR and each items of COOP/ WONCA functional chart are measured Internal consistency are evaluated. RESULTS: The questionnaire score are correlated with significantly correlated with social activity item. The total Cronbachs alpha is calculated as 0.89. The four content areas developed by factor analyses are donfidant support(items 8, 9, 10), af fective support(items 4, 5, 6, 7), instrumental support(items 3, 12) and quantity of support(item 1). These shows similarity to American study results. CONCLUSIONS: The Korean version of the Duke-UNC functional social support questionnaire has been documented as having high reliability and moderate validity. It covers two dimensions well(confidant support, affective support) with a small enough number of questions. Instrumental support may need further study.
Humans ; Seoul ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Sterilization, Tubal*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Male ; Prostate* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen*