Chronic cavities of the dorsum of the foot often have bare bone and are unsuitable for free skin grafting. Local Flaps are often impossible because of surrounding scar tissue and dead space. A simple method is presented; it consists of the excision of the lesion, filling the cavity by a two staged random-pattern de-epithelialised turn over flap, and skin graft.
Cicatrix ; Foot ; Methods ; Skin ; Skin Transplantation ; Transplants

Angiosarcoma is a malignant endothelial cell tumor of lymphatic or vascular origin and is most commonly found in the skin and soft tissue. Primary mesenteric angiosarcoma has rarely been reported. Here, we present a case of primary mesenteric angiosarcoma manifesting as a gradually enhancing mass along with necrosis and hemorrhage.

Angiosarcoma is a malignant endothelial cell tumor of lymphatic or vascular origin and is most commonly found in the skin and soft tissue. Primary mesenteric angiosarcoma has rarely been reported. Here, we present a case of primary mesenteric angiosarcoma manifesting as a gradually enhancing mass along with necrosis and hemorrhage.

No abstract available.
Cystadenoma*

No abstract available.
Cystadenoma*

PURPOSE: To investigate oncological outcomes based on bladder cuff excision (BCE) during radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) and to provide clinical evidence of tumor recurrence in patients without BCE. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively collected data of 372 consecutive patients who underwent RNU at our institution from May 1989 through October 2010. After excluding some data, we reviewed 336 patients for the analysis. RESULTS: Of the patients who underwent RNU with BCE (n=279, 83.0%) and without BCE (n=57, 17.0%), patients without BCE had poorer cancer-specific and overall survival rates. Among 57 patients without BCE, 35 (61.4%) experienced tumor recurrence. Recurrence at the remnant ureter resulted in poor oncological outcomes compared to those in patients with bladder recurrence, but better outcomes were observed compared to recurrence at other sites. No significant predictors for tumor recurrence at the remnant ureter were identified. In patients without BCE, pathological T stage [hazard ratio (HR), 5.73] and lymphovascular invasion (HR, 3.65) were independent predictors of cancer-specific survival, whereas age (HR, 1.04), pathological T stage (HR, 5.11), and positive tumor margin (HR, 6.50) were independent predictors of overall survival. CONCLUSION: Patients without BCE had poorer overall and cancer-specific survival after RNU than those with BCE. Most of these patients experienced tumor recurrence at the remnant ureter and other sites. Patients with non-organ confined UTUC after RNU without BCE may be considered for adjuvant chemotherapy with careful follow-up.
Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/*surgery ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/*pathology ; Nephrectomy/*methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome ; Ureter/*surgery ; Ureteral Neoplasms/*surgery ; Urinary Bladder/pathology ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*pathology ; Urologic Neoplasms/pathology/*surgery ; *Urologic Surgical Procedures ; Urothelium/*pathology

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the changes of conditional survival (CS) probabilities and to identify the prognostic parameters that significantly affect CS over time post-surgery in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 330 patients were examined in the final analysis. Primary end point was conditional cancer-specific survival (CSS), overall survival (OS), and intravesical recurrence-free survival (IVRFS) after surgery. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for calculation of CS. Cox regression hazard ratio model was used to determine the predictors of CS. RESULTS: UTUC patients who had already survived 5 years after radical nephroureterectomy had a more favorable CS probability in all given survivorships compared to those with shorter survival times. Patients with unfavorable pathologic features showed a higher increment of 5-year conditional CSS and OS compared to their counterparts. For 5-year conditional CSS, several factors, including high-grade tumor, lymphovascular invasion, and tumor location showed significant association with risk elevation over time. Only age remained as a predictor of 5-year conditional OS with increased risk in all given survivorships. For 5-year IVRFS, no variables remained as significant predictive factors over time after surgery. CONCLUSION: Our study provides valuable information for practical survival estimation and relevant prognostic factors for patients with UTUC after surgery.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; Effect Modifier, Epidemiologic ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies* ; Survival Rate ; Urinary Tract ; Urologic Surgical Procedures

The aim of this study was to evaluate female urethral cancer (UCa) patients treated and followed-up during a time period spanning more than 20 yr at single institution in Korea. We reviewed medical records of 21 consecutive patients diagnosed with female UCa at our institution between 1991 and 2012. After exclusion of two patients due to undefined histology, we examined clinicopathological variables, as well as survival outcomes of 19 patients with female UCa. A Cox proportional hazards ratio model was used to identify significant predictors of prognosis according to variables. The median age at diagnosis was 59 yr, and the median follow-up duration was 87.0 months. The most common initial symptoms were voiding symptoms and blood spotting. The median tumor size was 3.4 cm, and 55% of patients had lesions involving the entire urethra. The most common histologic type was adenocarcinoma, and the second most common type was urothelial carcinoma. Fourteen patients underwent surgery, and 7 of these patients received adjuvant radiation or systemic chemotherapy. Eleven patients experienced tumor recurrence after primary therapy. Patients with high stage disease, advanced T stage (> or =T3), and positive lymph nodes had worse survival outcomes compared to their counterparts. Particularly, lymph node positivity and advanced T stage were significant predictive factors for all survival outcomes. Tumor location was the only significant predictor for recurrence-free survival. Although our study included a small number of patients, it conveys valuable information about this rare female urologic malignancy in a Korean population.
Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/*mortality/*prevention & control ; Prevalence ; Prognosis ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome ; Urethral Neoplasms/diagnosis/*mortality/*therapy ; Women's Health/*statistics & numerical data

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), statin, and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitor on the development of kidney, prostate, and urothelial cancers by analyzing the Korean National Health Insurance Service–National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC) database. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among a representative sample cohort of 1,025,340 participants in NHIS-NSC database in 2002, we extracted data of 799,850 individuals who visited the hospital more than once, and finally included 321,122 individuals aged 40 and older. Following a 1-year washout period between 2002 and 2003, we analyzed 143,870 (male), 320,861 and 320,613 individuals for evaluating the risk of prostate cancer, kidney cancer and urothelial cancer developments, respectively, during 10-year follow-up periods between 2004 and 2013. The medication group consisted of patients prescribed these drugs more than 60% of the time in 2003. To adjustfor various parameters of the patients, a multivariate Cox regression model was adopted. RESULTS: During 10-year follow-up periods between 2004 and 2013, 9,627 (6.7%), 1,107 (0.4%), and 2,121 (0.7%) patients were diagnosed with prostate cancer, kidney cancer, and urothelial cancer, respectively. Notably, multivariate analyses revealed that NSAIDs significantly increased the risk of prostate cancer (hazard ratio [HR], 1.35). Also, it was found that aspirin (HR, 1.28) and statin (HR, 1.55) elevated the risk of kidney cancer. No drugs were associated with the risk of urothelial cancer. CONCLUSION: In sum, our study provides the valuable information for the impact of aspirin, NSAID, statin, and COX-2 inhibitor on the risk of prostate, kidney, and urothelial cancer development and its survival outcomes.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Aspirin* ; Cohort Studies ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors* ; Kidney ; Kidney Neoplasms ; Korea* ; Multivariate Analysis ; National Health Programs ; Prostate ; Prostatic Neoplasms

Rapamycin, a macrocyclic lactone, is effective in reducing the incidence of acute rejection after renal transplantation. The inhibitory effects of rapamycin on lymphocyte proliferation and the molecular mechanisms that were involved have been described. However, its effects on glomerular mesangial cells have not been clearly understood, and here, we examined the effect of rapamycin on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) - induced extracellular matrix synthesis as well as cell proliferation in mesangial cells. Rat mesangial cells were isolated from the glomeruli of Sprague-Dawley rats and cultured with Dulbecco's modified Eagles medium containing 20% fetal bovine serum. Different concentrations of rapamycin were administered 1 hour before the addition of 10 ng/ml of PDGF into growth arrested and synchronized cells. Cell proliferation was assessed by [3H]thymidine incorporation, total collagen synthesis by [3H]proline incorporation, and fibronectin secretion into the medium by Western blot analysis. In the mesangial cells, PDGF increased cell proliferation by 4.6-fold, total collagen synthesis by 1.8-fold, and fibronectin secretion by 3.2-fold. Rapamycin above 10 nM significantly inhibited PDGF-induced proliferation and collagen synthesis, but the treatment of rapamycin up to 1micrometer did not show any significant effects on PDGF-induced fibronectin secretion. These inhibitory effects of rapamycin on PDGF-induced mesangial cell proliferation and collagen synthesis reflect the potential value of rapamycin in the prevention and treatment of glomerulosclerosis in patients with chronic allograft nephropathy.
Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen/*antagonists & inhibitors/biosynthesis ; Fibronectins/*biosynthesis ; Glomerular Mesangium/cytology/drug effects/*metabolism ; Immunosuppressive Agents/*pharmacology ; Male ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Sirolimus/*pharmacology