No abstract available.
Breast* ; Female ; Humans

No abstract available.
Umbilical Cord*

In 1989, the Bethesda System (TBS) was introduced as an attempt to standardize cervical/vaginal reporting systems. TBS nomenclature was created for reporting cytologic diagnoses to replace the currently used Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) and Papanicolaou Class System, which are deemed less reproducible. The name for preinvasive squamous lesions was changed to squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL), subdivided into low-grade and high-grade types. TBS recommends a specific format for cytologic report, starting with explicit statement on the adequacy of the specimen, followed by general categorization and descriptive diagnosis. Pathologic and epidemiologic studies performed over last 10 years have provided evidence that human papillomavirus (HPV) plays a significant role in the development of cervical neoplasia. TBS corresponds not only to currently held views of the behavior of preinvasive lesions and their HPV distribution, but also to the current guidelines for clinical management.
Azathioprine* ; Body Fluids ; Cadherins ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; Diagnosis ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Nephritis* ; Nephrotic Syndrome* ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch*

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty(PTA) were performed in three patients with atherosclerotic stenosis of subclavian arteries. The arteries were successfully dilated without complications during the procedure. All patients were asymptomatic during follow-up periods ranging from eight months to fifteen months after PTA.
Angioplasty* ; Arteries ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Subclavian Artery*

The authors have used a B-mode real-time sector scanner and a 10-MHz probe for measurement of the skin thickness at 21 different sites in healthy Koreans. Subjects consisted of 35 adults(17 males, 18 females) who were divided into three age groups .' young(20 39 years, 12 subjects), middle-aged(40 59 years, 13 subjects), and old(over 60 years, 10 subjects). The results were as follows. 1, The measurements of the skin thickness in examined sites varied from 1.99 to 4.59 milimeters . flexor aspect of the upper arm, dorsum of the hand, extensor aspect of the forearm and flexor aspect of the forearm were thinner, and heel, upper back, metatarsus were thicker than other sites. 2, The skin thickness in males was generally thicker than that in females '. cheek, extensor aspect of the thigh were highly significantly thicker (p<0.01), and chest, upper back, lower back, flexor aspect of the upper arm and extensor aspect of the lower leg were significantly thicker(p< 0.05) in males than in females, 3. The skin was thickest in the old age groups.
Arm ; Cheek ; Female ; Forearm ; Hand ; Heel ; Humans ; Leg ; Male ; Metatarsus ; Skin* ; Thigh ; Thorax ; Ultrasonography*

No abstract available.
Compliance*

OBJECTIVES: The purposes of this clinical study were 1) to assess 5-year survival rates in 195 patients with locally invasive cervical cancer(stage Ia-IIb) treated by surgery, neoadjuvant chemotherapy+surgery and postoperative radiation in selected cases, 2) to evaluate the prognostic factors affecting the survival rate, and 3) to get helpful information for the better treatment. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 195 patients. They were diagnosed and operated on during the period of Jan. 1988 - Dec. 1993 in Dept. of OB/Gyn, Pusan Paik Hospital, Inje Medical School. The 5-year survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and prognostic factors were assessed using Wilcoxon test. RESULTS: The 5-year survival rates for FIGO stages Ia, Ib, IIa, and IIb were 100, 86.1, 76.9, and 81.1%, respectively. Factors that affect the 5-year survival rates were clinical stage(P=0.0001), cell type(small cell vs other, P=0.0001), depth of invasion(< or = 5 mm vs >5 mm, P=0.0013), tumor size(< or = 3 cm vs >3cm, P=0.0035), and lymph node metastasis(0 vs 1 vs more than 2, P=0.0001). There was no difference in 5-year survival rates between without neoadjuvant chemotherapy group and with neoadjuvant chemotherapy group which had poor prognostic factors. The predicted recurrence rate of the postoperative radiation group showed a lower 5-year survival rate than the no postoperative radiation group(P=0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the factors affecting the prognosis were FIGO stage, cell type, depth of invasion, tumor size, and lymph node metastasis, and speculated that the survival rates could be improved by using neoadjuvant chemotherapy for more advanced locally invasive cases properly.
Busan ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Schools, Medical ; Survival Rate ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

No abstract available.
Anesthesia, General*

Inflammatory pancreatic fluid collection, such as pseudocysts, pancreatic abscesses and infected walled-off pancreatic necrosis, arise as a complication of acute pancreatitis. Recently endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided drainage has emerged as the leading treatment modality for symptomatic pancreatic fluid collection. EUS-guided endoscopic drainage is less invasive than surgery and avoids local complications related to percutaneous drainage. In addition, this endoscopic treatment can drain non-bulging fluid collection and may reduce the risk of procedure related bleeding and perforation. Excellent treatment success rates exceeding 90% have been reported for pancreatic pseudocysts and abscesses. Intervention such as endoscopic drainage with necrosectomy may be indicated for infected pancreatic necrosis, and ideally be delayed as long as possible, 4 weeks or longer after the onset of disease, for better demarcation and liquefaction of the necrosis. Multimodal treatments by specialists with specific expertise in management of peripancreatic fluid collection is essential to achieve the best outcomes. A differentiation of gallstone-induced acute pancreatitis should be given top priority in its etiologic diagnosis because it is related to the decision of treatment policy. Early ERCP should be performed in patients with gallstone pancreatitis if a complication of cholangitis and a prolonged passage disorder of the biliary tract are suspected.
Abscess ; Biliary Tract ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Cholangitis ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drainage ; Gallstones ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Pancreatic Pseudocyst ; Pancreatitis ; Specialization

Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm is frequently found recently and have recognized as precancerous lesions to pancreatic cancer that characterized by papillary growth of the ductal epithelium with rich mucin production and cystic dilatation of the main pancreatic duct and/or its branches. These tumors are asymptomatic and often multifocal. Preoperative differentiation between benign and malignant lesions is important to select the most appropriate treatment and to improve prognosis. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice to avoid malignant transformation when predictive factors for malignancy are present. These factors include mural nodule in the cyst, main pancreatic duct dilation, thick septum, cyst greater than 3 cm, atypias in the cyst fluid and the presence of symptoms. The follow-up of these patients who do not undergo surgical resection, is of great importance, since patients with IPMN appear to be at risk for pancreatic cancer. Patients who retain a portion of their pancreas following resection of an IPMN need to be followed up with periodic imaging to detect recurrences and metachronous lesions.
Cyst Fluid ; Dilatation ; Epithelium ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mucins* ; Pancreas* ; Pancreatic Ducts ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; Prognosis* ; Recurrence