No abstract available.
Eating* ; Liver* ; Pneumonia* ; Sharks*

It is thought to be reliable roentgenologic sign of pulmonary plethora that the diameter of anterior segmental artery(d-ASA) is larger than that of anterior segmental bronchus(d-ASB). To evaluate the reliability of this sign, we compared d-ASA with d-ASB on chest rentgenograms of 100 normal adults. Of the total 105 cases. d-ASA was larger than d-ASB in 40 cases (38.1%), smaller than d-ASB in 34 cases(32.4%) and equal to (d-ASA and) d-ASB in 31 cases(29.5%). The ratio(ABR) and difference between d-ASA and d-ASB ranged from 0.70 to 1.58(mean, 1.05±0.30) and from -1.85mm to +2.45mm(mean of absolute value, 0.75mm±0.57). These results showed that the relationships between d-ASA and d-ASB were variable. Conclusively, d-ASA may be larger than d-ASB in even normal adults and mild degree of pulmonary plethora cannot exectly evaluated with this findings only.
Adult ; Arteries* ; Bronchi* ; Humans ; Thorax

BACKGROUND: Social support is defined as interpersonal transaction ; the giving of symbolic or material aid to another. It has been shown to have both buffering effects and direct beneficial effects on diverse health related outcomes. But there has been the dearth of well-validated measurement instruments. This article describes the development of Korean version of the Duke-UNC functional social support questionnaire(DUFSS), focusing on the aspect of social support. METHODS: The 13-item, self-administered questionnaire was translated to Korean language. It was evaluated on 177 patients attending the family medicine clinic of Seoul National University Hospital during one month(November, 1996.) Comparisons to the family APGAR, COOP/ WONCA functional status chart are made to assess validity. Factor analyses are performed. Correlation of the questionnire score with the sum of family APGAR and each items of COOP/ WONCA functional chart are measured Internal consistency are evaluated. RESULTS: The questionnaire score are correlated with significantly correlated with social activity item. The total Cronbachs alpha is calculated as 0.89. The four content areas developed by factor analyses are donfidant support(items 8, 9, 10), af fective support(items 4, 5, 6, 7), instrumental support(items 3, 12) and quantity of support(item 1). These shows similarity to American study results. CONCLUSIONS: The Korean version of the Duke-UNC functional social support questionnaire has been documented as having high reliability and moderate validity. It covers two dimensions well(confidant support, affective support) with a small enough number of questions. Instrumental support may need further study.
Humans ; Seoul ; Surveys and Questionnaires

The chest radiographs and angiograms were retrospectively evaluated in 47 patients with pulmonary atresia (PA) and ventricular septal defect (VSD) to determine the characteristic findings of major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCSs) on the chest radiographs. Of 47 patients, 23 had MAPCAs and 24 had only PDA for blood supply of whole right and left lung. Chest radiographs enabled identification of 16 of 23 patients with MAPCAs. The most common finding of MAPCAs was inappropriately large peripheral pulmonary vasculature (n=16, 69.6%). The other findings were tortuosity of pulmonary vasculature (n=12, 52.2%), focal unevendistribution of pulmonary vasculature (n=12, 52.2%), and two descending pulmonary arteries (n=4, 17.4%). When chest radiographs showed two or more findings of MAPCAs, MAPCAs could be differentiated from PDA with statistical significance (p<0.005). It is concluded that chest radiographs may help to identify MAPCAs before angiography if two-dimensional echo ardiography suggests PA with VSD.
Angiography ; Arteries* ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular* ; Humans ; Lung ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Atresia* ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Retrospective Studies ; Thorax*

No abstract available.
Intussusception*

PURPOSE: The dried body of Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans has long been used as a traditional Korean medicinal food, but little is known about its mechanisms of action. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activities of Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans and possible mechanisms in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. METHODS: Cytotoxicity of Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans extract (SSME) was measured by MTT assay, anti-inflammatory activities were analyzed by nitric oxide (NO) production, the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and the mRNA level of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 subunit and degradation of inhibitory kappa B (IκB) were examined by western blot. RESULTS: SSME inhibited LPS-induced NO production and iNOS expression without cytotoxicity. Up-regulation of LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and IL-6 was dose dependently attenuated by SSME. Exposure of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, an NF-κB specific inhibitor, accelerated the inhibitory effects of SSME on NO production and iNOS expression in LPS-stimulated cells. Moreover, translocation of NF-κB from the cytosol to the nucleus and degradation of IκB were decreased by treatment with SSME in LPS-induced cells. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the SSME might have the inhibitory effects on inflammation, partly through inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway.
Blotting, Western ; Cytokines ; Cytosol ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-6 ; Nitric Oxide ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; RAW 264.7 Cells* ; RNA, Messenger ; Up-Regulation

The authors experienced a case of acute renal failure following nephrectomy of soliary kidney in a 9 month old girl. Her chief complaints on admission were total anuria for 10 days and gastrointestinal bleeding for 7 days. On physical examination, she were noticed drowsy mental state, generalized edema and pale appearance. Laboratory date and management;Hb 3.4mg%,BUN 150mg%,she was performed peritoneal?dialysis and blood transfusion immediately. During the treatment her general condition and laboratory findings were much improved. The absence of both kidneys were confirmed by Isotope renogram and C.T. scanning. Brief review of related literatures were presented.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Anuria ; Blood Transfusion ; Edema ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infant ; Kidney* ; Nephrectomy ; Physical Examination

PURPOSE: We investigated prostate size and its correlation with final pathologic outcomes and prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1993 to 2009, 830 consecutive patients who underwent radical prostatectomy with follow-up duration of 12 months or more were included in this study. Patients were categorized according to prostate size as follows: group 1, prostate size < or =40 g (n=458), and group 2, prostate size >40 g (n=472). Preoperative parameters and postoperative pathologic outcomes were compared between groups. Multivariate analysis with Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to identify the pathologic and clinical factors affecting biochemical recurrence. RESULTS: Patients in group 1 had higher pathologic T stage (pT2a=17.7% vs. 23.9%, pT2b=1.1% vs. 0%, pT2c=40.4% vs. 39.8%, pT3a=29.5% vs. 21.0%, pT3b=10.7% vs. 13.2%, p=0.003) and higher positive surgical margin (40.3% vs. 33.1%, p=0.033) than did patients in group 2. Pathologic Gleason score was not significantly different between the two groups. The 5-year biochemical-recurrence-free survival was 62.3% for patients in group 1 and 73.2% for patients in group 2 (p=0.005). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that prostate size of 40 g or less (hazard ratio [HR], 1.378; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.027 to 1.848; p=0.032), extracapsular extension (HR, 1.592; 95% CI, 1.147 to 2.209; p=0.005), positive surgical margin (HR, 2.348; 95% CI, 1.701 to 3.242; p<0.001), and pathologic Gleason sum (HR, 1.507; 95% CI, 1.292 to 1.758; p<0.001) were independent predictors of biochemical recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Smaller prostate size was associated with increased risk of higher pT stage and positive surgical margin after radical prostatectomy. Also, prostate size less than 40 g was an independent prognostic factor for biochemical recurrence.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Grading ; Prognosis ; Prostate ; Prostatectomy ; Recurrence

PURPOSE: We investigated prostate size and its correlation with final pathologic outcomes and prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1993 to 2009, 830 consecutive patients who underwent radical prostatectomy with follow-up duration of 12 months or more were included in this study. Patients were categorized according to prostate size as follows: group 1, prostate size < or =40 g (n=458), and group 2, prostate size >40 g (n=472). Preoperative parameters and postoperative pathologic outcomes were compared between groups. Multivariate analysis with Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to identify the pathologic and clinical factors affecting biochemical recurrence. RESULTS: Patients in group 1 had higher pathologic T stage (pT2a=17.7% vs. 23.9%, pT2b=1.1% vs. 0%, pT2c=40.4% vs. 39.8%, pT3a=29.5% vs. 21.0%, pT3b=10.7% vs. 13.2%, p=0.003) and higher positive surgical margin (40.3% vs. 33.1%, p=0.033) than did patients in group 2. Pathologic Gleason score was not significantly different between the two groups. The 5-year biochemical-recurrence-free survival was 62.3% for patients in group 1 and 73.2% for patients in group 2 (p=0.005). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that prostate size of 40 g or less (hazard ratio [HR], 1.378; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.027 to 1.848; p=0.032), extracapsular extension (HR, 1.592; 95% CI, 1.147 to 2.209; p=0.005), positive surgical margin (HR, 2.348; 95% CI, 1.701 to 3.242; p<0.001), and pathologic Gleason sum (HR, 1.507; 95% CI, 1.292 to 1.758; p<0.001) were independent predictors of biochemical recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Smaller prostate size was associated with increased risk of higher pT stage and positive surgical margin after radical prostatectomy. Also, prostate size less than 40 g was an independent prognostic factor for biochemical recurrence.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Grading ; Prognosis ; Prostate ; Prostatectomy ; Recurrence