The first author as a medical doctor has elaborated four-frame comic strips on health information. The comic strips can be easily converted into the animations by means of PowerPoint (animation function) and additional software. The first purpose of the present study was to enhance national health by distributing the animations on health information. The second purpose was to help the interested people make their own animations with minimal technology.The comic strips in Adobe Illustrator file were imported to PowerPoint. Using animation tools of PowerPoint, sequential appearance of the figures and texts was arranged; the various movements of the figures were adjusted. On Vocalware homepage, Korean texts were changed into voices, which were recorded using Gomrecoder; the voices were inserted into PowerPoint file. On PowerPoint, animation displaying the figures, texts, and voices was carried out and recorded using Bandicam. As the final products, the animations of 42 episodes (MP4 files) were uploaded to YouTube.The presented method to make the animation on PowerPoint, etc. has the advantage: to learn the method easily, to perform the method at inexpensive cost, to expand the method for further applications.

The first author as a medical doctor has elaborated four-frame comic strips on health information. The comic strips can be easily converted into the animations by means of PowerPoint (animation function) and additional software. The first purpose of the present study was to enhance national health by distributing the animations on health information. The second purpose was to help the interested people make their own animations with minimal technology.The comic strips in Adobe Illustrator file were imported to PowerPoint. Using animation tools of PowerPoint, sequential appearance of the figures and texts was arranged; the various movements of the figures were adjusted. On Vocalware homepage, Korean texts were changed into voices, which were recorded using Gomrecoder; the voices were inserted into PowerPoint file. On PowerPoint, animation displaying the figures, texts, and voices was carried out and recorded using Bandicam. As the final products, the animations of 42 episodes (MP4 files) were uploaded to YouTube.The presented method to make the animation on PowerPoint, etc. has the advantage: to learn the method easily, to perform the method at inexpensive cost, to expand the method for further applications.

PURPOSE: The liver and lung are the most common site of metastases after curative resection of colorectal carcinoma, and only 10 months of median survival is achieved once metastases has occurred in the lung. About 10% of patients have a solitary pulmonary metastasis and surgical resection leads to a 5 year survival rate of 21~43%. We have tried to define ideal candidates for pulmonary resection in a patient with pulmonary metastases from colorectal carcinoma. METHODS: Between March 1990 to Feb. 2001, 25 patients underwent pulmonary resection for metastatic colorectal carcinoma. 15 patients were male, and 10 were female with mean age of 60.0 (range, 36~73) years. The primary sites were colon in 7 patients and rectum in 18 patients. RESULTS: The mean disease free interval was 30.04 19.79 (range, 1~84) months and 19 patients had single metastasis and 6 patients had multiple metastatic lesions. Twenty- one patients had unilateral lesion. Wedge resection was done in 10 patients, lobectomy in 7, pneumonectomy in 2, wedge resection with bilobectomy in 2, segmentectomy and wedge resection in 1, and segmentectomy and lobectomy in 1 patient. Six patients recurred mean 13.7 months after the first operation (range, 1~33 months) and they underwent wedge resection in 4 and one case each of lobectomy and segmentectomy. Seven patients died during follow up with 3 year survival rate of 70.8% and 5 year survival rate of 43.4%. CONCLUSIONS: The disease free interval, number of metastases, type and location of pulmonary resection, level of carcinoembryonic antigen had no correlation with the survival rate. We conclude that surgical resection of colorectal lung metastases is safe and effective, and every patients should be evaluated as a surgical candidate.
Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; Colon ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Liver ; Lung* ; Male ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Pneumonectomy ; Rectum ; Survival Rate

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common complications after radical cystectomy and orthotopic neobladder reconstruction. This study investigated the incidence and implicated pathogen of febrile UTI after ileal neobladder reconstruction and identify clinical and urodynamic parameters associated with febrile UTI. From January 2001 to May 2015, 236 patients who underwent radical cystectomy and ileal neobladder were included in this study. Fifty-five episodes of febrile UTI were identified in 46 patients (19.4%). The probability of febrile UTI was 17.6% and 19.8% at 6 months and 24 months after surgery, respectively. While, Escherichia coli was the most common implicated pathogen (22/55, 40.0%), Enterococcus spp. were the most common pathogen during the first month after surgery (18/33, 54.5%). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, ureteral stricture was an independent risk factor associated with febrile UTI (OR 5.93, P = 0.023). However, ureteral stricture accounted for only 6 episodes (10.9%, 6/55) of febrile UTI. Most episodes of febrile UTI occurred within 6 months after surgery. Thus, to identify risk factors associated with febrile UTI in the initial postoperative period, we assessed videourodynamics within 6 months after surgery in 38 patients. On videourodyamic examination, vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) was identified in 16 patients (42.1%). The rate of VUR presence in patients who had febrile UTI was not significantly different from those in patients without febrile UTI (50% vs. 39.3%, P = 0.556). Patients with febrile UTI had significantly larger residual urine volume (212.0 ± 193.7 vs. 90.5 ± 148.2, P = 0.048) than those without. E. coli and Enterococcus spp. are common pathogens and ureteral stricture and residual urine are risk factors for UTI after ileal neobladder reconstruction.
Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Cystectomy/adverse effects ; Enterococcus/isolation & purification ; Escherichia coli/isolation & purification ; Female ; Humans ; Ileum/*surgery ; Incidence ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Postoperative Complications ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*surgery ; Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy/*epidemiology/etiology/microbiology ; Urodynamics

We herein describe a 70-year-old woman who presented with respiratory failure due to extensive lung adenocarcinoma. Despite advanced disease, care in the intensive care unit with ventilator support was performed because she was a newly diagnosed patient and was considered to have the potential to recover after cancer treatment. Because prompt control of the cancer was needed to treat the respiratory failure, empirical treatment with an oral epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor was initiated before confirmation of EGFR-mutant adenocarcinoma, and the patient was successfully treated. Later, EGFR-mutant adenocarcinoma was confirmed.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Lung* ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Respiration, Artificial ; Respiratory Insufficiency* ; Ventilators, Mechanical ; Erlotinib Hydrochloride

In this study of the physical anthropological characteristics of the Akha and Lahu in northern Thailand, whose customs are similar to the Koreans, the authors examined the finger and palm prints of the Akha (male 107, female 114) and Lahu (male 92, female 101) using qualitative methods, and compared them with those of various ethnic groups including Koreans. The results were as follows : The whorl types (Akha 57.7%, Lahu 58.1%) were the most common finger prints, followed by ulnar loop types (Akha 39.7%, Lahu 38.7%), arch types (Akha 2.6%, Lahu 2.8%), and radial loop types (Akha 1.7%, Lahu 1.2%). Of the palm print types, 9-7-5 (Akha 32.7%, Lahu 21.3%) and 7-5-5(Akha 25.4%, Lahu 21.3%) were most common, followed by 11-O-7 (Akha 2.0%, Lahu 11.3%), 9-O-5 (Akha 1.5%, Lahu 10.0%), 11-9-7 (Akha 6.0%, Lahu 5.7%), 7-5-4 (Akha 7.0%, Lahu 2.2%). The finger and palm print patterns of the Akha and Lahu did not correspond closely to the patterns of those classified as White, Negro, or Oriental, although they were closest to the patterns of the latter, particularly Chinese (rather than Korean or Japanese).
African Continental Ancestry Group ; Anthropology ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Dermatoglyphics ; Ethnic Groups ; Female ; Fingers* ; Humans ; Thailand*

Since Gessain et al.(l985) first reported the presence of antibodies to HTLV-I virus in the sera of patients with tropical spastic paraparesis(TSP), Osame et al.(l986) in Japan have reported a new entity of HTLV-I associated myelopathy(HAM) characterized by chronic progressive spastic paraparesis. Subsequent Japanese nationwide survey revealed that there were approxirnately 600 HAM patients, especially in the endemic area, Kyushu(Osame et al, 1990a). Despite a large number of patients existing in Japan and presumed viral etioiogy of HAM, none have been previously reported in Korea. Here we report a Korean male presented with slowly progressive spastic paraparesis, who was interestingly a husband of Japariese Korean lived in Kyushu, Japan. Investigations in this patient revealed significantly elevated antibody titers to HTLV-1 both in the serum and CSF. Western blot assay also confirmed the diagnosis of HAM. Examination of the patient's wife who was asymptomatic showed significantly elevated antibody titers to HTLV-I in the serum but not in the CSF. It seemed likely that the patient was infected from his wife who was a carrier of HTLV-1.
Antibodies ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Blotting, Western ; Diagnosis ; Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 ; Humans* ; Japan ; Korea ; Male ; Muscle Spasticity ; Paraparesis, Spastic ; Spinal Cord Diseases* ; Spouses

Carotid-cavernous fistulaes are traumatic in origin in over two thirds of all cases. Occlusion of these lesions by endovascular techniques or open surgical approaches is usually indicated. The current treatment of choice is occlusion by use of the intraarterial detachable balloon technique. Pseudoaneurysm, one of the complications after employment of the detachable balloon technique, develop at the balloon placement site after balloon deflation. Its incidence is approximately 44% in the literature. But peudoaneurysms are difficult to treat using endovascular techniques with detachable balloon or coils. The authors report that one case with a pseudoaneurysm who had abducens nerve palsy was treated successfully using Guglielmi detachable coils(GDC). His 6th cranial nerve palsy was improved within 6 weeks.
Abducens Nerve Diseases ; Aneurysm, False* ; Cranial Nerve Diseases ; Employment ; Endovascular Procedures ; Fistula ; Incidence

BACKGROUND: At present, epidural steroid injection is one of the most frequently used methods in the treatment for low back pain.. But this method is nonspecific and results in a widespread of injected agent around the target point. Therefore we thought direct injection to the nerve root is more specific and effective. METHODS: The authors evaluated the effects of lumbar paravertebral steroid injection in 39 patients with low back pain and radicular pain, retrospectively. We used triamcinolone 40mg(1ml) and 0.25% bupivacaine 3ml as injection agents and used pain relief scale(PRS) score for assessment of the effect. RESULTS: One week after injection, the patients of PRS score less than 5 were 65% in spinal stenosis and 85% in herniated intervertebral disc(HIVD). The patients of effective response more than 4 weeks after injection were 48% in spinal stenosis and 68% in HIVD, more than 12 weeks were 22% and 38%, respectively. The patients of PRS score less than 5 were 45% at the time of follow-up study. CONCLUSIONS: We think paravertebral steroid injection is effective in patients with low back pain and radicular pain. Therefore, this technique could be alternative method to epidural steroid injection.
Bupivacaine ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Low Back Pain* ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Nerve Roots* ; Spinal Nerves* ; Spinal Stenosis* ; Triamcinolone

This study was performed to investigate the effect of acorn supplementation on the lipid profile and redox antioxidant enzyme activities in obese rat. Obesity in the rats was induced by feeding diet contained 10% lard and 0.5% cholesterol for 4 week. After 4 weeks, rats were divided into the following 5 groups; high fat diet (Control), high fat diet plus 10% Acorn powder (AP10%), high fat diet plus 20% Acorn powder (AP20%), high fat diet plus 0.2% Acorn extract (AE0.2%), high fat diet plus 0.5% Acorn extract (AE0.5%). Total food intake and food efficiency ratio (FER) was not significantly different by acorn powder and extract supplementation. But, body weight was decreased by 20% acorn powder. Acorn powder and extract supplementation for 4 weeks tend to decrease total cholesterol and triglyceride level on the serum and hepatic tissue. There was no significant difference in hepatic glutathione (GSH) content among all the groups. The hepatic GST activity in acorn supplemented groups was lower than that of control. Glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities were higher in acorn supplemented groups than that of control. Hepatic TBARS levels of experimental groups were also significantly lower than that of control group. Our finding suggest that acorn powders and extract might have potential role for improving lipid profiles and antioxidant enzyme activities in obese rats.
Animals ; Body Weight ; Catalase ; Cholesterol ; Diet ; Diet, High-Fat ; Eating ; Glutathione ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; Obesity ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Powders ; Rats* ; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ; Triglycerides