Laser photocoagulation was applied in vitro to organ culture exoplants of porcine retinal pigment epithelium(RPE) attached to Bruch's membrane, choroid, and sclera using the Del Priore method for de-monstrating the proliferation of RPE cells and characterizing the response with respect to power level of treatment. Six-millimetor-round buttons of eyewall were treated with 20-30 spots from the argon bluegreen laser using a 500 micrometer spot size, 0.1s duration, and variable powers(100mW, 300mW, and 500mW). Group 1 is untreated control group and group 2(100mW) and group 4(500mW) showed less active proliferation of RPE than group 3(300mW). In group 3, all RPE cells, Bruch's membrane, and a part of choroid were disrupted and lifted off three hours after laser photocoagulation and then RPE cells began to proliferate actively at third day. The treated area became completely covered with several layers of RPE cells. The proliferation of RPE cells turned out to be larger when the power was moderate(300mW) as compared to the case when the power was too high(500mW) or too low(100mW).
Argon ; Bruch Membrane ; Choroid ; Light Coagulation* ; Organ Culture Techniques* ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Sclera

Angiocentric lymphoma is a lymphoma like lesion which has been known as a lethal midline granuloma, lymphomatoid granulomatosis and polymorphic reticulosis. It involves predominantly lungs, and other extranodal sites such as upper respiratory tract, skin, kidneys, peripheral nervous system and CNS. The authors experienced a case of angiocentric lymphoma which was misdiagnosed as orbital cellulitis because there were persistent epiphora, erythematous swelling in dacryocyst area and diffuse edema in upper and lower eyelids which occurred after functional endoscopic sinus surgery. This case was diagnosised as angiocentric lymphoma through multiple tissue biopsies. This disease is rare, especially in orbit and eyelid. It leads to the destruction and inflammation of tissue. To avoid misdiagnosis to orbital cellulitis, accurate biopsy is needed with the interchange of clinical informations with pathologist. We report this case with the review of literatures.
Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic Errors ; Edema ; Eyelids ; Granuloma, Lethal Midline ; Inflammation ; Kidney ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases ; Lung ; Lymphoma* ; Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis ; Orbit ; Orbital Cellulitis ; Peripheral Nervous System ; Respiratory System ; Skin

No abstract available.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle* ; Coinfection* ; Liver Abscess, Amebic*

Optic disc neovascularization is known to occur in occlusive vascular diseases or chronic posterior inflammatory conditions. It has been recently reported to occur in chronic anterior uveitis. The authors treated a patient with optic disc neovascularization associated with chronic anterior uveitis with topical and systemic steroid administration. The authors present our experience of optic disc neovascularization in chronic anterior uveitis with a brief review of the literatures related to this disease.
Humans ; Uveitis ; Uveitis, Anterior* ; Vascular Diseases

Dermatomyositis is a rare disease of unknown origin that combines an inflammatory myopathy with characteristic cutaneous findings. Scalp disease has rarely been considered as a manifestation of dermatomyositis and is often misdiagnosed as being scalp paosiasis or seborrheic dermatitis. We report a case of 27-year-old woman who presented with brownish alopecic patches on the scalp, and chronic proximal muscle weakness.
Adult ; Cicatrix* ; Dermatitis, Seborrheic ; Dermatomyositis* ; Female ; Humans ; Muscle Weakness ; Myositis ; Rare Diseases ; Scalp

PURPOSE: Although procalcitonin (PCT) level is useful for the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis, PCT reliability is inconsistent because of the varied conditions encountered in neonatal intensive care units. This study aimed to investigate PCT levels and factors influencing increased PCT levelin newborns without bacterial infection during the first week of life. METHODS: In newborns hospitalized between March 2013 and October 2015, PCT levels were measured on the first, third, and seventh days after birth. Newborns with proven bacterial (blood culture positive for bacteria) or suspicious infection (presence of C-reactive protein expression or leukocytosis/leukopenia) were excluded. Various neonatal conditions were analyzed to identify the factors influencing increased PCT level. RESULTS: Among 292 newborns with a gestational age of 35.2±3.0 weeks and a birth weight of 2,428±643 g, preterm newborns (n=212) had higher PCT levels than term newborns (n=80). Of the newborns, 7.9% had increased PCT level (23 of 292) on the firstday; 28.3% (81 of 286), on the third day; and 3.3% (7 of 121), on the seventh day after birth. The increased PCT level was significantly associated with prenatal disuse of antibiotics (P=0.004) and surfactant administration (P<0.001) on the first day after birth, postnatal use of antibiotics (P=0.001) and ventilator application (P=0.001) on the third day after birth, and very low birth weight (P=0.042) on the seventh day after birth. CONCLUSION: In newborns without bacterial infection, increased PCT level was significantly associated with lower gestational age and respiratory difficulty during the first week of life. Further studies are needed for clinical applications.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacterial Infections ; Birth Weight ; C-Reactive Protein ; Diagnosis ; Dyspnea ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Parturition ; Premature Birth ; Sepsis ; Ventilators, Mechanical

PURPOSE: Although procalcitonin (PCT) level is useful for the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis, PCT reliability is inconsistent because of the varied conditions encountered in neonatal intensive care units. This study aimed to investigate PCT levels and factors influencing increased PCT levelin newborns without bacterial infection during the first week of life. METHODS: In newborns hospitalized between March 2013 and October 2015, PCT levels were measured on the first, third, and seventh days after birth. Newborns with proven bacterial (blood culture positive for bacteria) or suspicious infection (presence of C-reactive protein expression or leukocytosis/leukopenia) were excluded. Various neonatal conditions were analyzed to identify the factors influencing increased PCT level. RESULTS: Among 292 newborns with a gestational age of 35.2±3.0 weeks and a birth weight of 2,428±643 g, preterm newborns (n=212) had higher PCT levels than term newborns (n=80). Of the newborns, 7.9% had increased PCT level (23 of 292) on the firstday; 28.3% (81 of 286), on the third day; and 3.3% (7 of 121), on the seventh day after birth. The increased PCT level was significantly associated with prenatal disuse of antibiotics (P=0.004) and surfactant administration (P<0.001) on the first day after birth, postnatal use of antibiotics (P=0.001) and ventilator application (P=0.001) on the third day after birth, and very low birth weight (P=0.042) on the seventh day after birth. CONCLUSION: In newborns without bacterial infection, increased PCT level was significantly associated with lower gestational age and respiratory difficulty during the first week of life. Further studies are needed for clinical applications.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacterial Infections ; Birth Weight ; C-Reactive Protein ; Diagnosis ; Dyspnea ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Parturition ; Premature Birth ; Sepsis ; Ventilators, Mechanical

Pilomatricoma is a common, benign, cutaneous neoplasm, differentiating towards elements of the hair matrix and shaft. It typically presents as a deep-seated, solitary, firm nodule with overlying normal epidermis. However, pilomatricoma with bullous appearance is very rare. We report two cases of pilomatricoma with bullous appearance. The first case was an 11-year-old male who presented with 6 month history of a soft, erythematous, translucent polypoid mass on the left upper arm. The other case was a 20-year-old female who presented with 12 month history of a soft, slightly-brownish, peduncluated mass with indurated nodules on the left upper arm. In both cases, the histopathologic findings revealed multiple islands of shadow cells, with small foci of basophilic cells at the periphery of the deep dermis. There was dilation of lymphatic vessels in the overlying dermis, which explained the clinical bullous appearance.
Arm ; Basophils ; Child ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Female ; Hair ; Humans ; Islands ; Lymphatic Vessels ; Male ; Pilomatrixoma* ; Young Adult

Pilomatricoma is a common, benign, cutaneous neoplasm, differentiating towards elements of the hair matrix and shaft. It typically presents as a deep-seated, solitary, firm nodule with overlying normal epidermis. However, pilomatricoma with bullous appearance is very rare. We report two cases of pilomatricoma with bullous appearance. The first case was an 11-year-old male who presented with 6 month history of a soft, erythematous, translucent polypoid mass on the left upper arm. The other case was a 20-year-old female who presented with 12 month history of a soft, slightly-brownish, peduncluated mass with indurated nodules on the left upper arm. In both cases, the histopathologic findings revealed multiple islands of shadow cells, with small foci of basophilic cells at the periphery of the deep dermis. There was dilation of lymphatic vessels in the overlying dermis, which explained the clinical bullous appearance.
Arm ; Basophils ; Child ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Female ; Hair ; Humans ; Islands ; Lymphatic Vessels ; Male ; Pilomatrixoma* ; Young Adult

The purpose of this study was to compare and evaluate the shaping abilities of various hybrid instrumentation method using constant tapered file systems with ProTaper(R) S1 and the difference between experts and inexperienced clinicians in use of NiTi file. Three hybrid methods used in this study were composed of ProTaper(R) S1 and K-Flexofile(R) (group S), ProTaper(R) S1 and HeroShaper(R) (group H), and ProTaper(R) S1 and ProFile(R) (group P), respectively. The ProTaper(R)-alone method (group C) was introduced as a control group. After canal preparation, the lapse of time was recorded. The images of pre- and post-operative canal were scanned and superimposed. Amounts of instrumented canal widths and centering ratio were measured at apical 1, 2 and 3 mm levels and statistical analysis was performed. In this study, both of the group C and S took more time to prepare canals than other groups. Inexperienced operators required more time for the entire preparation with the groups C and H than the experienced (p < 0.05). And the centering ratio of group P were preferable to ProTaper(R)-alone method or the hybrid technique using stainless steel files. As such, within experienced operators, group H also showed better results in addition to the group P. Under these condition, the hybrid methods of each the ProFile(R) system and HeroShaper(R) with ProTaper(R) are recommendable comparative to ProTaper(R)-alone method. According to the results, the hybrid instrumentation method is a more appropriate method of canal preparation than single file system for narrow or curved canals.
Stainless Steel