No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

PCR implication using the primers for gag, pol and rev genes in BLV (bovine leukemia virus) proviral DNA and syncytium assay were carried out for the Korean native goats experimentally infected with bovine leukemia virus to investigate pathogenesis of BLV in the goats, and to establish a model animal for BLV infection. The oligonucleotide primers used in PCR revealed very high specificity, The minimal amount of FLK-BLV cellular chromosomal DNA to detect the integrated BLV proviral DNA was 10 ng. The peripheral blood lymphocytes from the goat infected with BLV were examined at regular intervals by PCR amplification and syncytium assay. Pol or gag genes were detected in none of three infected goats at the 1st week post-infection (p.i.). At the 4th week p.i., one of three goats showed the amplified gag gene. Thereafter detection rates for the genes were increased, indicating that the BLV proviral genes were integrated in all of the lymphocytes from three goats, at the 16th weeks p.i., when it was evident in syncytium assay that the lymphocytes from all of three goats were infested with infective BLV. Investigating the tissues from the necropsied goats at the 8th month p.i., the amplified BLV proviral genes and infective BLV were detected in all of the peripheral lymphocytes from three infected-goats. Among various tissues examined, the amplified BLV proviral genes were observed in spleen and superficial cervical, mandibular and retropharyngeal lymph nodes, and the infective BLV, in superficial cervical and mandibular lymph nodes. It was assumed that the Korean native goat was quite susceptible to BLV infection, indicating that the goat could be a good model animal for BLV.
Animals ; Cattle ; Deltaretrovirus Infections ; DNA Primers ; DNA* ; Enzootic Bovine Leukosis* ; Genes, gag ; Genes, rev ; Giant Cells ; Goats* ; Leukemia ; Leukemia Virus, Bovine* ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphocytes ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Spleen

No abstract available.
Umbilical Cord*

Takayasu's arteritis is a chronic vasculitic disease of the aorta, its major branches and the pulmonary arteries, resulting in stenosing, occlusive or aneurysmal lesion. While the precise etiology of Takayasu's disease is unknown, an autoimmune mechanism or active tuberculous inflammation have been suggested. It is more common in young oriental women but has a rare incidence in children. We experienced a case of Takayasu arteritis type IV in an 8years old girl. The diagnosis was made by physial examination and digital substraction aortography(DSA) which showed narrowing of left common carotid artery, right subclavin artery and left renal artery. The perfusion defect at posterior segment of right upper lobe was noted in lung perfusion scan. Medical treatment and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty(PTA) were performed. In addition to case report, a brief review of literature was added.
Aneurysm ; Angioplasty* ; Aorta ; Arteries ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inflammation ; Lung ; Perfusion ; Pulmonary Artery ; Renal Artery ; Takayasu Arteritis*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Humans ; Infant* ; Poisoning*

This is a review and clinical analysis of 1420 cases of burn patients who were treated at the Department of surgery, Hanil Hospital during 6 years from 1991 to 1996. The following results were obtained. 1) The age group distribution showed that the highest incidence of burn patients was in the between 30 and 39 years old.(323 cases, 22.8%). 2) The highest incidence of burn in the seasonal distribution was in the winter(383 cases, 26.9%). 3) The most common cause of the burns was scalding by hot liquids(444 cases, 31.2%). 4) The most frequent period of interval between accident and the arrival at the hospital was within 24 hours or less(1122 cases, 79.0%). 5) The most frequent duration of treatment was within 2 weeks or less(620 cases, 43.7%). 6) Most patients were affected less than 10% of burn(783 cases, 55.1%). 7) Second degree was most frequent burn depth(583 cases, 41.1%). 8) In 336 cases of burn wound culture, the main organism were Pseudomonas aeruginosa 231 cases(68.7%), Staphylococcus aureus 183 cases(41.0%), and others. 9) Operation was performed in 483 cases(34.0%). Skin graft 471cases, escharotomy 132 cases, fasciotomy 26cases, amputation 13 cases, primary repair 29cases. The most frequent period of skin grafting was between 3 to 4 weeks(253 cases). 10) The complication of burn were wound infection 435 cases(25.4%), UTI 96 cases(6.7%), others. 11) The overall mortality rate was 8.7%(124/1420) and the most frequnt cause of death was sepsis in 58 cases(46.8%).
Amputation ; Burns* ; Cause of Death ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mortality ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Seasons ; Sepsis ; Skin ; Skin Transplantation ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Transplants ; Wound Infection ; Wounds and Injuries

OBJECTIVES: The purposes of this clinical study were 1) to assess 5-year survival rates in 195 patients with locally invasive cervical cancer(stage Ia-IIb) treated by surgery, neoadjuvant chemotherapy+surgery and postoperative radiation in selected cases, 2) to evaluate the prognostic factors affecting the survival rate, and 3) to get helpful information for the better treatment. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 195 patients. They were diagnosed and operated on during the period of Jan. 1988 - Dec. 1993 in Dept. of OB/Gyn, Pusan Paik Hospital, Inje Medical School. The 5-year survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and prognostic factors were assessed using Wilcoxon test. RESULTS: The 5-year survival rates for FIGO stages Ia, Ib, IIa, and IIb were 100, 86.1, 76.9, and 81.1%, respectively. Factors that affect the 5-year survival rates were clinical stage(P=0.0001), cell type(small cell vs other, P=0.0001), depth of invasion(< or = 5 mm vs >5 mm, P=0.0013), tumor size(< or = 3 cm vs >3cm, P=0.0035), and lymph node metastasis(0 vs 1 vs more than 2, P=0.0001). There was no difference in 5-year survival rates between without neoadjuvant chemotherapy group and with neoadjuvant chemotherapy group which had poor prognostic factors. The predicted recurrence rate of the postoperative radiation group showed a lower 5-year survival rate than the no postoperative radiation group(P=0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the factors affecting the prognosis were FIGO stage, cell type, depth of invasion, tumor size, and lymph node metastasis, and speculated that the survival rates could be improved by using neoadjuvant chemotherapy for more advanced locally invasive cases properly.
Busan ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Schools, Medical ; Survival Rate ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of video feedback training for the parents of autistic spectrum disorder children. METHOD: Ten Autistic spectrum disorder children and their mothers participated in this training. Twenty minutes play times were videotaped including free play time and chosen play time. After one session, watching videotape, the researcher analyzed the relation of the children and their mother and had a feedback training with the mother of child. RESULTS: The child's responses to the mother's start actions had significant differences (p<0.05). The language responses of children increased in the organized environment of chosen play. Language responses increased but negative actions and no responses reduced when mother encouraged child centered play rather than mother engaged in children's play directly. In log sector model, mother's responses according to the play type had meaningless difference (p0.05). But in division analysis mother's responses to child's start action had meaningful difference in pre/post treatment and play type. CONCLUSION: The effects of video feedback training of autistic spectrum disorder children's parents were positive. Through this investigation the interaction and the communication with autistic spectrum disorder children and their parents are influenced positively.
Child ; Humans ; Language Development* ; Mothers ; Parents* ; Videotape Recording

The purpose of this study was to analyse the center of resistance of the maxillary first molar using the 3-dimension finite element method. An extracted maxillary first molar of normal shape and average root length was selected and sectioned every 1.5mm parallel to the cementoenamel junction. Each section was traced and digitized to construct 3-D finite element model of the maxillary first molar. After a certain magnitude of counterbalancing moment(M) was applied to the tooth, a varying single force(F) of distomesial direction was applied to a certain point of the tooth until the tooth was translated. The force producing translation(Ft) was substituted to the equation deltad = M/Ft to calculate the center of resistance of the maxillary first molar. And reducing the alveolar bone level 1.68mm, and 3.36mm below to the cementoenamel junction, the tooth movement was analysed to see the effect of reducing the alveolar bone level to the location of the center of resistance. The results were as follows; 1. The center of resistance of the maxillary first molar was 3.72mm apical, 1.10mm buccal, and 0.71mm mesial to the geometric center of the horizontally sectioned surface at the cementoenamel junction. This point was 0.36mm apical, 1.20mm buccal, and 0.71mm mesial to the trifurcation point, indicating that it was not on the tooth root. 2. As the alveolar bone level was reduced, the center of resistance of the maxillary first molar was moved to the apical direction.
Finite Element Analysis* ; Molar* ; Tooth ; Tooth Cervix ; Tooth Movement ; Tooth Root

No abstract available.
Animals ; Isoproterenol* ; Plasma* ; Rats* ; Renin*