No abstract available.
Breast* ; Hamartoma*

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Proper finishing and polishing enhance both the esthetics and the longevity of restored teeth. Blade finishing technique would be suited for smoothing and finishing. Evaluation of this technique are necessary. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the blade finishing and polishing procedures on the surface profile and roughness of ormocer-based composite resin and nanohybrid composite resin. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The material included a ormocer-based composite resin (Admira(R) & Admira(R) Flow); a nanohybrid composite resin (Grandio(R) & Grandio(R) Flow). One hundred forty specimens of each group were prepared using a mylar strip and randomly divied into blade finishing and rubber polishing groups (n=10). The average surface roughness (Ra) in micrometers was measured and the surface profile was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (Magnification X 200). The data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney Test at 0.05 significance level. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicated that the mylar strip produced the smoothest surface on all materials and among the finishing-polishing methods was not significanct difference (P>0.05). Ormocer-based flowable composite resin performedthe lowest variability in initial surface roughness among the tested materials.
Composite Resins ; Esthetics ; Longevity ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Polyethylene Terephthalates ; Rubber ; Tooth

Microglial activation is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of many brain disorders. Therefore, understanding the response of microglia to noxious stimuli may provide insights into their role in disorders such as stroke and neurodegeneration. Many genes involved in this response have been identified individually, but not systematically. In this regards, the microarray system permitted to screen a large number of genes in biological or pathological processes. Therefore, we used microarray technology to evaluate the effect of oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) and reperfusion on gene expression in microglia under ischemia-like and activating conditions. Primary microglial cultures were prepared from postnatal mice brain. The cells were exposed to 4 hrs of OGD and 1 h of reperfusion at 37 degrees C. Isolated mRNA were run on GeneChips. After OGD and reperfusion, > 2-fold increases of 90 genes and > 2-fold decrease of 41 genes were found. Among the genes differentially increased by OGD and reperfusion in microglia were inflammatory and immune related genes such as prostaglandin E synthase, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha. Microarray analysis of gene expression may be useful for elucidating novel molecular mediators of microglial reaction to reperfusion injury and provide insights into the molecular basis of brain disorders.
Animals ; Brain ; Brain Diseases ; Gene Expression* ; Glucose ; Mice ; Microarray Analysis ; Microglia* ; Oxygen ; Pathologic Processes ; Reperfusion ; Reperfusion Injury* ; RNA, Messenger ; Stroke ; Transcriptome* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Differential diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis from other pulmonary fungal infections including mucormycosis is important because the treatment is pathogen-dependent. Clinically, invasive aspergillosis is often discriminated from other mold infections on the basis of typical histopathologic features in the biopsy specimen. However, biopsy alone is not always complete because different fungal species can display similar histopathologic features. Surrogate markers or molecular-based assays can be useful when the results of conventional diagnostic modalities are conflicting. Here, we present a case of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis histologically mimicking mucormycosis, which was confirmed by fungal polymerase chain reaction.
Aspergillosis ; Biomarkers ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Fungi ; Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis* ; Lung Diseases, Fungal ; Mucormycosis* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

The purposes of this study were firstly to investigate the any formation of precipitate after interaction between ALX and NaOCL and secondarily to analyze the PCA formation by using time of flight secondary ion mass (TOF-SIM) spectrometry. Mass spectrometry analysis was performed for the mixture of 0.5% ALX and 5.25% NaOCl. As controls, 2.5% CHX with 5.25% NaOCl and 1% PCA solutions were used. Any formation of precipitates in 10 tested solutions was evaluated by naked eye. Results of mass spectrum showed that the typical peak of PCA was not detected in mixed solution of ALX and NaOCl, whereas CHX/NaOCl mixture showed the same peak that found in the PCA spectrum. Precipitate formation was only observed in CHX/NaOCL mixture. The present TOF-SIM spectrometry results indicated that ALX can be a useful root canal irrigant combined with NaOCl during canal instrumentation. Further study is necessary to confirm the antimicrobial effect of ALX against endodontic pathogen before its clinical application as an endodontic irrigant.
Aniline Compounds ; Biguanides ; Dental Pulp Cavity ; Eye ; Mass Spectrometry ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ; Sodium ; Sodium Hypochlorite ; Spectrum Analysis

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Over the past decade, increased demand for esthetically pleasing restorations has led to the development of all-ceramic systems. Recent reports suggest that the all-ceramic crowns have excellent physical properties, wear resistance, and color stability. In addition, numerous ceramics have excellent biocompatibility, a natural appearance, and improved physical bonding with resin composite luting agents. However, the brittle nature of ceramics has been a major factor in their restriction for universal usage. Functional occlusal loading can generate stress in the luting agent, and the stress distribution may be affected by the marginal geometry at the finish line. Tooth preparation for fixed prosthodontics requires a decision regarding the marginal configuration. The design dictates the shape and bulk of the all ceramic crowns and influences the fit at the margin. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stress distribution within marginal configurations of all- ceramic crowns (90-degree shoulder, 110-degree shoulder, 135-degree shoulder). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The force is applied from a direction of 45 degrees to the vertical tooth axis. Three-dimensional finite element analysis was selected to determine stress levels and distributions. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The result of stress level for the shoulder marginal configuration was more effective on stress distribution at 135-degree shoulder margin. But the stresses concentrated around at 135-degree shoulder margin. The stress decreased apically at the surface between cements and alumina core, and increased apically at the surface between alumina core and veneering porcelain.
Aluminum Oxide ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Ceramics ; Collodion ; Crowns ; Dental Cements ; Dental Porcelain ; Finite Element Analysis ; Prosthodontics ; Shoulder ; Tooth ; Tooth Preparation

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between prostate volume and lower urinary symptom (LUTS) in subjects undergoing health checkup and to know the usefulness of TRUS in health screening.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in 883 men aged ≥20 years who underwent TRUS for health screening. All participants had filled in the international prostate symptom score (IPSS) and were tested for prostate-specific antigen; prostate volume, central gland volume, and transitional zone index were measured using TRUS. We analyzed the differences in the IPSS by prostate volume and differences in prostate volume by severity of LUTS and correlation between prostate volume and each component of IPSS.
Results: There were differences in the total IPSS, storage score, and voiding score between the subjects with prostate volumes of ≥30 mL or not (p=0.027, p=0.037, and p=0.029, respectively). However, the differences were found only for urgency and weak stream. The volume of the severe symptom group was bigger than those of the mild and moderate symptom groups (p=0.002 and p=0.014). The correlation between prostate volume and IPSS was significant only for the between the central volume and nocturia (r=0.112, p＜0.01).
Conclusions The relationship between prostate volume and urinary symptoms showed significant but low correlation and found only in some components. For the accurate diagnosis, it would be more useful to accompany various voiding-related surveys in addition to TRUS during health screening. (Korean J Urol Oncol 2020;18:53-60)

OBJECTIVES: Intratympanic dexamethasone (ITD) is a standard treatment for patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ITD vs. combination of ITD and diuretics for acute low frequency sensorineural hearing loss (LFHL) with vertigo. METHODS: A total 31 patients with LFHL that had developed within previous 2 weeks were enrolled and categorized into two groups: treated with ITD four times on 4 consecutive days (ITD group; 17 patients) and treated with ITD in the same way and diuretics orally for 2 weeks (combination group; 14 patients). After 6 months, we analyzed treatment outcomes using subjective improvement and audiometric change. RESULTS: Hearing thresholds at low frequencies ≤500 Hz were significantly improved in both ITD only and combination group (p<0.05). The cure rate of combination group was not significantly higher than that of ITD only group (57.1% vs. 52.9%, p>0.05). For subjective symptoms, there were no significant differences of improvement rate in both groups (combination 64.3% vs. ITD only 64.7%, p>0.05). In pure tone audiometry, the improvement rate of combination group was not significantly different from that of ITD only group (71.4% vs. 76.5%, p>0.05). There was a significant correlation between the complete recovery rate and duration of symptoms. CONCLUSION: ITD alone is an effective treatment modality for acute LFHL with vertigo within 2 weeks of development. Combined ITD and diuretics have no additive effect for the recovery of hearing in patients with LFHL.
Audiometry ; Dexamethasone ; Diuretics ; Hearing ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; Humans ; Steroids ; Vertigo

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are highly immunosuppressive myeloid cells that show increased expression in cancer patients; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying their generation and function are unclear. Whereas granulocytic-MDSCs correlate with poor overall survival in breast cancer (BC), the presence and relevance of monocytic (Mo)-MDSCs are unknown. Here, we report for the first time increased chemokine and chemokine receptor production by Mo-MDSCs in BC patients. A clear population of Mo-MDSCs with the typical cell surface phenotype (human leukocyte antigen-antigen D related [HLA-DR]low/− CD11b+ CD33+ CD14+) increased significantly during disease progression. In addition, the chemokine receptor expression level on Mo-MDSCs in patients with invasive BC was the highest. Furthermore, different chemokine receptor expression patterns were noted in Mo-MDSCs between healthy controls (HC) and BC patients. Additionally, CD4 T cells proliferations were significantly decreased in the invasive BC groups compared with the HC group. However, the ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) group had no significantly compared with the HC group. Our data suggest that monitoring chemokine and chemokine receptor production by Mo-MDSCs may represent a novel and simple biomarker for assessing disease progression in BC patients.
Breast Neoplasms ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating ; Chemokines* ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Leukocytes ; Myeloid Cells ; Phenotype ; Receptors, Chemokine ; T-Lymphocytes

PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine the CT findings of nasolacrimal fossa and their clinical significance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-nine of 116 patients who underwent facial CT scanning after trauma showed evidenceof nasolacrimal fracture. We retrospectively analyzed CT findings to evaluate fracture patterns of thenasolacrimal fossa and canal and associated facial fractures. To determine the frequency of associatedcomplications, clinical records were reviewed were reviewed. RESULTS: Three types of fracture were identified:avulsion, comminuted, and linear Forty-one nasolacrimal fractures, 20 of which involved the nasolacrimal fossa and21 the nasolacrimal canal, were found in the 29 patients. Of the 20 fractures involving the nasolacrimal fossa,ten were avulsion, eight were linear, and two were comminuted. Seventeen of 21 fractures involving thenasolacrimal canal were comminuted and four were linear ; all nasolacrimal fractures were associated with otherfacial fractures. Twenty-five of 29 fractures were the complex midfacial-type (naso-ethmoid) ; the remaining fourwere simple and unilateral. Nasolacrimal sac and dvct-related complications were documented in only two patients ;they experienced epiphora associated with avulsion fracture of the nasolacrimal fossa, though the problem wasresolved by conservative treatment without surgery. CONCLUSION: Fractures of the nasolacrimal fossa and canalwere accompanied by simple or complex facial fractures. Injury-associated complications were rare, and all wereassociated with avulsion fractures of the nasolacrimal fossa.
Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed