The present study was undertaken to determine the viability and infectivity of oocysts of Cryptosporidium baileyi that had been stored from 1 to 40 months at 4 degrees C preserved in 2.5% potassium dichromate solution. Oocysts of C. baileyi were purified from the feces of experimentally infected chickens using discontinuous sucrose gradients. Subsequently, the purified oocysts were suspended in 2.5% potassium dichromate solution at a concentration of 1 x 10 (7) organism/ml, and their viabilities were assessed by nucleic acid staining, histologic examination, and infectivity to 2-day-old chickens. All chickens inoculated with oocysts that had been stored for 1-18 months developed patent infections, while chickens infected with older oocysts remained uninfected. Between 5.8% and 82.2% of the oocysts, stored at 4 degrees C in 2.5% potassium dichromate solution, were found to be viable, as determined by nucleic acid staining. Parasite colonization in the bursa of Fabricius was detected in the microvillus border of bursal epithelium. The finding that C. baileyi oocysts remain infective to chickens for at least 18 months offers important time-saving advantages to investigators who frequently require large numbers of oocysts.
Animals ; Bursa of Fabricius/parasitology ; Chickens/*parasitology ; Coloring Agents ; Cryptosporidiosis/parasitology/pathology/*veterinary ; Cryptosporidium/drug effects/*growth & development/pathogenicity ; Feces/parasitology ; Oocysts/drug effects/*growth & development/pathogenicity ; *Organic Chemicals ; *Potassium Dichromate/pharmacology ; Poultry Diseases/parasitology/pathology ; Preservation, Biological/*methods ; Staining and Labeling

The maxillary alveolar ridge separates the palate from the lip and clefts of the primary palate have a cleft of the alveolus as well. In the most common clefts of the primary palate, the alveolar portion of the cleft is located between the lateral incisor, if present, and the canine. The cleft may also pass between the central incisor and the lateral incisor, rarer forms of clefts may pass between the central incisor or more distally on the maxillary arch. There are still considerable differences of opinion as to the optimal time for closure of alveolar defects, with or without concomitant bone grafting. But the preferred time for the operation with bone graft is between age 9 and 11 before the canine teeth have fully erupted. As an alternative to primary bone grafting, Skoog developed the periosteoplasty, or "boneless bone graft" technique, in which periosteal continuity was established between maxillary segments by the transfer of local periosteal flaps from the anterior maxillary wall. this procedure, which takes advantage of the propensity of periosteum to form bone in young children, leads to the formation of new bone within the alveolar cleft in spite of the fact that no bone graft is used.This study attempts to defin the effectiveness of early alveolar cleft repair with gingivo-vestibular-mucoperiosteal flap.The results in 6 unilateral alveolar clefts and 1 bilateral alveolar cleft, which is corrected early by gingivo-vestibular-mucoperiosteal flap, have been satisfactory alveolar arch continuity and alveolar bone formation with tooth eruption.
Alveolar Process ; Bone Transplantation ; Child ; Cuspid ; Humans ; Incisor ; Lip ; Osteogenesis ; Palate ; Periosteum ; Tooth Eruption ; Transplants

BACKGROUND: Kinesio taping is a treatment for pain and dysfunction of musculoskeletal system, using tapes which have a similar elasticity to skin. This study was done to find out about the efficacy of kinesio taping on patients with a low back pain. METHODS: This study was performed in patients with a non-specific low back pain who had visited the Inchon International Airport Construction Authority Clinic from January 2000 to April 2000. We performed taping to a randomized case group and a placebo to control group during the first 3 days. After the first 3 days, we assessed the changes of improvement in low back pain with visual-analogue pain scale (VAS) . From the second visit on, we also started carrying out kinesio taping in the control group. RESULTS: The total number of patients participating in this study was 43, but 4 patients did not complete the study stopped. After the first 3 days, control group showed just 0.93 of the VAS score improvement, while randomized case group showed 2.55(p=0.003). The VAS score of case and control group were 3.18 and 3.03 respectively, which showed improvement at the end point of treatment compared with the first score. CONCLUSIONS: Kinesio taping was more efficacious than placebo in patients with a nonspecific low back pain.
Airports ; Elasticity ; Humans ; Incheon ; Low Back Pain* ; Musculoskeletal System ; Skin

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to compare the compression quality, exercise intensity, and energy expenditure in 5-minute single-rescuer cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) using 15:1 or 30:2 compression-to-ventilation (C:V) ratios or chest compression only (CCO). METHODS: This was a randomized, crossover manikin study. Medical students were randomized to perform either type of CPR and do the others with intervals of at least 1 day. We measured compression quality, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) score, heart rate, maximal oxygen uptake, and energy expenditure during CPR. RESULTS: Forty-seven students were recruited. Mean compression rates did not differ between the 3 groups. However, the mean percentage of adequate compressions in the CCO group was significantly lower than that of the 15:1 or 30:2 group (31.2±30.3% vs. 55.1±37.5% vs. 54.0±36.9%, respectively; P<0.001) and the difference occurred within the first minute. The RPE score in each minute and heart rate change in the CCO group was significantly higher than those of the C:V ratio groups. There was no significant difference in maximal oxygen uptake between the 3 groups. Energy expenditure in the CCO group was relatively lower than that of the 2 C:V ratio groups. CONCLUSION: CPR using a 15:1 C:V ratio may provide a compression quality and exercise intensity comparable to those obtained using a 30:2 C:V ratio. An earlier decrease in compression quality and increase in RPE and heart rate could be produced by CCO CPR compared with 15:1 or 30:2 C:V ratios with relatively lower oxygen uptake and energy expenditure.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation* ; Energy Metabolism* ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Manikins* ; Oxygen ; Students, Medical ; Thorax* ; Ventilation

Amniotic band syndrome is an uncommon congenital fetal abnormality with defects of skin resulting in ringlike strictures about the limbs and occasionally the trunk. Its pathogenesis has been still debated in the literature for many years. Amniotic band syndrome features multiple disfiguring and disabling manifestations. A clinical deformities include limb defects, craniofacial defect, visceral defect, body wall defect and other anomalies. We had experienced a case of amniotic band syndrome with retinopathy of prematurity, bilateral orofacial cleft, aphalangia of right hand, ventricular septal defect and atrial septal defect. We report this case with a brief review of the literature.
Amniotic Band Syndrome ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Extremities ; Hand ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Infant, Newborn ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; Skin

Inflammatory myofibroblastic (IMF) tumor is a rare solid tumor that often affects children. IMF tumors occur primarily in the lung, but the tumor may affect any organ system with protean manifestations. A 22-year-old woman was evaluated for palpable low abdominal mass that had been increasing in size since two months prior. Abdominal computed tomography showed a lobulated, heterogeneous contrast enhancing soft tissue mass, 6.5 x 5.7 cm in size in the ileal mesentery. At surgery, the mass originated from the greater omentum laying in the pelvic cavity and was completely excised without tumor spillage. Histologically, the mass was a spindle cell lesion with severe atypism and some mitosis. Immunohistochemistry for anaplastic lymphoma kinase-1 revealed that the lesion was an IMF tumor. Because of its local invasiveness and its tendency to recur, this tumor can be confused with a soft tissue sarcoma. Increasing physician awareness of this entity should facilitate recognition of its clinical characteristics and laboratory findings.
Child ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lung ; Lymphoma ; Mesentery ; Mitosis ; Myofibroblasts ; Omentum ; Sarcoma ; Young Adult

The authors have encountered two patients who had complete traumatic eyeball extrusion by trauma with different mechanism. One was a 2-year-old child who fell down from a baby stroller and had the left eyeball extrusion without any trauma to the body except eye. The other was 29-year-old man whose right orbit was pierced by a spit and had right eyeball extrusion too. After the authors reposed traumatic complete eyeball extrusion by Kronlein operation, lateral canthotomy, and antholysis, the authors obtained excellent cosmetic results. Especially, these are very rare cases of the pure eye ball extrusion without another trauma of the body. Therefore, the authors report the experience of the operative treatment of these rare cases.
Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Infant Equipment ; Orbit

The authors reviewed charts of 50 consecutive cases which were operated for blowout fracture on preoperative symptoms and signs, intraoperative findings, and surgical prognosis according to timing of surgery, location of fracture and size of fracture, from May 1, 1985, to April 30, 1991, respectively. Most of them had persistent diplopia, positive forced duction test and conspicuous blemish enophthalmos preoperatively. In addtion, the most common site of fracture in the orbital floor was anterior 1/3 with a size of one to two em in vertical diameter. Good prognosis may be expected in patient with anterior fracture of orbital floor, operated within 4 weeks after receiving trauma. Chemosis and lower lid retraction were encountered as an early and late postoperative complications, respectively.
Diplopia ; Enophthalmos ; Humans ; Orbit ; Postoperative Complications ; Prognosis

No abstract available.
Conus Snail* ; Hemangioblastoma*

No abstract available.
Conus Snail* ; Hemangioblastoma*