OBJECTIVES: This study investigated psychological factors in patients with adult ADHD tendency and the relationship of adult ADHD tendency with depression and anxiety.METHODS: Ninety patients with depression(38 with adult ADHD and 52 with non-adult ADHD) were recruited in this study. All patients were subjected to the following tests : Korean Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV(K-WAIS-IV), Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Report Scale(ASRS-v1.1), Lee Ji-Yeon's adult ADHD scale, Beck's Depression Inventory II(BDI-II), Beck's Anxiety Inventory(BAI), and Temperament Character Inventory-Revised Short version(TCI-RS).RESULTS: The adult ADHD group had higher scores for BDI-II and BAI, novelty-seeking, harm-avoidance, and self-transcendence than the non-adult ADHD group. Conversely, the adult ADHD group showed lower scores for self-directedness and cooperativeness than the non-adult ADHD group. Depression scores were positively correlated with ASRS(r=0.524, p=0.000), Lee Ji-Yeon's adult ADHD scale(r=0.598, p=0.000), anxiety scores(r=0.650, p=0.000), novelty-seeking(r=0.411, p=0.000), harm-avoidance(r=0.517, p=0.000), and self-transcendence(r=0.234, p=0.026). However, they were negatively correlated with persistence(r=−0.231, p=0.029), and self-directedness(r=−0.594, p=0.000). Higher Lee Ji-Yeon's adult ADHD scale scores and lower self-directedness scores among TCI, resulted in higher depression scores. In addition, anxiety scores increased in parallel with the the Lee Ji-Yeon's adult ADHD scale and harm-avoidance TCI scores.CONCLUSION: In this study, we found a difference in the severity of depression and anxiety between the adult and non-adult ADHD groups. In addition, it was confirmed that the difference in temperament and character between the two groups was related to adult ADHD tendency and severity of depression and anxiety.
Adult ; Anxiety ; Depression ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Male ; Psychology ; Temperament

The purpose of this study was to verify the validity of the Patient Severity Classification Tool by examining the correlations between the APACHE III and the Patient Severity Classification Tool and to propose admission criteria to the ICU. The instruments used for this study were the APACHE III developed by Knaus and thePatient Severity Classification Tool developed by Korean Clinical Nurses Association. Data was collected from the 156 Medical ICU patients during their first 24 hours of admission at the Seoul National University Hospital by three trained Medical ICU nurses from April 20 to August 31 1999. Data were analyzed using the frequency, X2, Wilcoxon rank sum test, and Spearman rho. There was statistically significant correlations between the scores of the APACHE III and the Patient Severity Classification Tool. Mortality rate was increased as patients classification of severity in both the APACHE III and the Patient Severity Classification Tool scored higher. The Patient Severity Classification Tool was proved to be a valid and reliable tool, and a useful tool as one of the severity predicting factors, ICU admission criteria, information sharing between ICUs, quality evaluations of ICUs, and ICU nurse staffing. 1) This paper was awarded the first prize at the Seoul National Hospital Nursing Department Research Contest.
APACHE* ; Awards and Prizes ; Classification* ; Humans ; Information Dissemination ; Mortality ; Nursing ; Seoul

No abstract available.
Blood Banks*

Bochdalek hernia through Bochdalek foramen, defect at the posterolateral side of the diaphragm is one of the congenital diaphragmatic hernias. It usually occurs in infants, but very rare in old age and also on the right side. We experienced the right-side Bochdalek hernia including kidney herniation in 68 years old man man ifested by hemoptysis. CT scan revealed diaphragmatic defect and herniated liver, colon and kidney. Thoracotomy was performed and the 10 cm-sized large defect was closed with patch. After then, the patient has been well without symptom.
Aged ; Colon ; Diaphragm ; Hemoptysis ; Hernia* ; Hernia, Diaphragmatic ; Humans ; Infant ; Kidney* ; Liver ; Thoracotomy ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Intracardiac hemangiopericytomas are rare tumors which originates from the pericyte in the external wall of capillaries. 1) The tumors are known to usually develop in the lower extremities, pelvic cavity and retroperitoneum, 2) but are very rare in the heart. 3) The symptoms and signs of a hemagiopericytoma depend on the size and location of the tumor. 2) A hemagiopericytoma has a high potential for local recurrence and metastasis, so regular follow-up is needed following surgical excision. 2) A 36-year-old man presented with shortness of breath and chest discomfort. Before operating, a chest CT scan showed that a compressive collapse of the left lung had developed next to a large mediastinal tumor. Because of impending respiratory failure due to collapse of the left lung, an operation was performed. The operation showed that the mediastinal tumor was a large loculated hemopericardium accompanied by pericardial bleeding. A hematoma evacuation with a pericardiectomy was performed, and the pathology of the thickened pericardial wall revealed a malignant hemangiopericytoma. The patient has followed up for 6 months without symptoms or sign of tumor recurrence following the radiation therapy.
Adult ; Capillaries ; Dyspnea ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart ; Hemangiopericytoma ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Lung ; Mediastinal Neoplasms ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pathology ; Pericardial Effusion ; Pericardiectomy ; Pericytes ; Recurrence ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Thorax ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Background: The platelet aggregation test is widely used to measure antiplatelet therapy response and to detect platelet function disorders. CS-5100 (Sysmex Co., Japan) is a recently introduced coagulation analyzer that can also measure platelet aggregation. We evaluated the performance of CS-5100 in the platelet aggregation test for use in clinical laboratories. Methods: We investigated the precision, stability, dilution test, and correlation of CS-5100 with a traditional aggregometer. Precision was tested using normal and patient samples. Stability was assessed over 5 different time points for 8 hours. The dilution test was performed with normal samples using ADP agonists. We tested correlations between the results of Chrono-log aggregometer (Chrono-Log Co., USA) and CS-5100 using 10 samples with 5 agonists each. We also calculated the reference range of 5 agonists using 22-30 normal samples. Results: The coefficients of variation using normal samples were 7.45% and 3.27% for ADP and arachidonic acid, respectively. Stability was maintained for up to 2 hours in most samples. Dilution tests showed similar results until reaching a dilution factor of 2. Strong correlations of the results between Chrono-log and CS-5100 were found, except for ristocetin. The reference ranges of 5 reagents in CS-5100 were similar to those obtained with the Chrono-log aggregometer. Conclusions The performance of CS-5100 in platelet aggregation tests showed reliable results compared to a traditional aggregometer. CS-5100 can perform coagulation test and platelet aggregation test, simultaneously. Thus, CS-5100 can enable cost saving and reduce turn-around-time by reducing the inspection time.

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic relapsing inflammatory disease localized on the colon. This disease is rare in children under 10 years of age. We experienced a case of ulcerative colitis in a 3-year-old male child. He was admitted due to fever, abdominal pain and diarrhea for 5 days, followed by rectal bleeding for 2 days. The diagnosis was established by clinical features, endoscopic and histologic findings. Taking combined medication of prednisolone and sulfasalazine, he achieved symptomatic remission and remained asymptomatic.
Abdominal Pain ; Child* ; Child, Preschool* ; Colitis, Ulcerative* ; Colon ; Diagnosis ; Diarrhea ; Fever ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Male ; Prednisolone ; Sulfasalazine ; Ulcer*

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of magnesium sulfate, ritodrine hydrochloride and nifedipine in the management of preterm labor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 180 women with documented preterm labor were randomly assigned to receive magnesium sulfate (n=60), ritodrine hydrochloride (n=60) and nifedipine (n=60) as initial tocolytic therapy. 30 women with documented preterm labor were allocated to administer fluid only and bed rest as control group. Patient could be switched to another tocolytic regimen if they continued to have contractions or side effects. The main outcome variables examined were days gain in utero, success rate, side effects and neonatal outcome. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in maternal characteristics between the groups. The days gain in utero was no statistically different in the three groups(magnesium sulfate, ritodrine hydrochloride and nifedipine) but markedly longer in the three groups than the control group (p<.01). The total success rate was similar in the three groups, but side effects were much more in the magnesium sulfate and ritodrine group than the nifedipine group (p<.05). The respiratory distress syndrome in neonate was decreased in the three groups than the control group without statistical significance. CONCLUSION: Nifedipine is an effective, safe, and well-tolerated tocolytic agent. In this retrospective study, total success rate of controlling preterm labor was similar in the three groups, but patients who received nifedipine were less side effects than magnesium sulfate or ritodrine group.
Bed Rest ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Magnesium Sulfate ; Magnesium* ; Nifedipine ; Obstetric Labor, Premature* ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Ritodrine* ; Tocolysis

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic Central Diabetes Insipidus in children or adolescents requires a frequent follow-up regimen using serial brain MRI and CSF examinations especially if an isolated pituitary stalk thickening or loss of a hyperintense signal in the posterior pituitary lobe is observed. Although a detailed description has not been made in adults who had Idiopathic Central Diabetes Insipidus, the clinical course of a Central Diabetes Insipidus in children or in adolescents can not be applied to adults because a follow-up study is so invasive and expensive. In this report, we evaluated the clinical course of Idiopathic Central Diabetes Insipidus in adults. METHODS: The diagnosis of Idiopathic Central Diabetes Insipidus was based on the presenting clinical symptoms, the water deprivation test, biochemical studies and a brain MRI. We measured the urine specific gravity, urine and plasma osmolarity, electrolytes, and daily urine amount and we also performed an anterior pituitary evaluation. Patients had contrast-enhanced MRI and biochemical studies every 4 to 12 months. RESULTS: The patients included 8 females and 4 males. Their ages ranged from 20 to 76 years and their mean age was 45+/-17 years. Tumor markers in the CSF were not detected any of the patients. An anterior pituitary evaluation showed that four patients had hyperprolactinemia, and five patients had impaired secretory responses of Growth Hormone to an insulin induced hypoglycemia. Nine of the 12 patients had thickening of the pituitary stalk, seven had lacked the hyperintense signal of a normal neurohypophysis. The abnormalities of MRI disappeared in 3 patients by the 4th, 27th and 36th month follow up periods, respectively. The follow up duration was between 8 months and 11 years 3 months and the mean follow up duration period was 50.6+/-45.5 months. Clinical symptoms were corrected by DDAVP administration. Other symptoms were absent. CONCLUSION: In our study, of Idiopathic Central Diabetes Insipidus in adults there were no observed germinomas or other disease that were observed. Therefore this disorder may have a benign course.
Adolescent ; Adult* ; Brain ; Child ; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin ; Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic* ; Diagnosis ; Electrolytes ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Germinoma ; Growth Hormone ; Humans ; Hyperprolactinemia ; Hypoglycemia ; Insulin ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Osmolar Concentration ; Pituitary Gland ; Pituitary Gland, Posterior ; Plasma ; Specific Gravity ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Water Deprivation

A 77-year-old female patient who was suspected to have had an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction was admitted to the emergency room. She received one unit of type A red blood cells in a type B patient during a total knee arthroplasty operation at another medical institution. ABO-incompatible transfusion was carried out due to an identification error between the patient and blood product. At the time of admission, acute hemolytic reaction, lactic acidosis, and disseminated intravascular coagulation were observed. She was admitted to the intensive care unit and received continuous renal replacement therapy. She maintained renal function and was moved to the general ward on the 7th day. Complications such as pulmonary edema, gastrointestinal bleeding, and ischemic colitis persisted, and the patient died on the 111th after admission. This case is the first report of death due to an ABO-incompatible transfusion in Korea. Efforts to establish a safe transfusion environment are necessary not only at individual medical institutions but also at the national level.
Acidosis, Lactic ; Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Blood Transfusion* ; Colitis, Ischemic ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Erythrocytes ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Korea ; Patients' Rooms ; Pulmonary Edema ; Renal Replacement Therapy ; Transfusion Reaction*