No abstract available.
Biopsy* ; Salivary Glands* ; Sjogren's Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Nose* ; Paranasal Sinuses*

The anorectal anomaly is not rarely seen in the neonatal period. But, If it is not accompanied with a fairly large fistula, it presents an urgent problem, so should be managed with perianal anoplasty or colostomy. Neonatal peritonitis is very grave and is caused by various conditions listed in Table 1. In Korea, no case of neonatal peritonitis caused by anorectal has yet been reported in the literature. With brief review of the literature, we present a case of neonatal peritonitis which appeared 36 hours after birth by perforation of the colon due to anorectal stenosis.
Colon ; Colostomy ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Fistula ; Korea ; Parturition ; Peritonitis*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Rats*

OBJECTIVES: This study determined the work schedules of public project workers who work an irregular shift and assessed the effect of these schedules on depression. METHODS: Study subjects were 2934 laborers who are members of seven labor unions. Each was given a questionnaire requesting basic personal information, habits, socioeconomic status, and work schedules. Information gathered on work schedules included daytime, nighttime, and weekend work hours. Depression was evaluated using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), with Laborers who checked "not depressed" and "slightly depressive" categorized to a low-risk group, whereas laborers who checked "depressed" and "severely depressed" were categorized to a high-risk group. We used the Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression to examine associations between work schedules and depression. RESULTS: Laborers on an irregular work schedule averaged 47.8 hours/week and laborers who working over 48 hours/week comprised over half (54.5%) of the total population. Laborers performing night work, Sunday work, and Saturday work more than once in a month made up 25.7%, 30.8% and 33.5% of the examined population, respectively. A high-risk for depression was identified in 10.4% of laborers. Using logistic regression, depression was statistically associated with working : over 10 hours a day (OR=1.63, 95% CI 1.10~2.43), night work (OR=2.20, 95% CI 1.46~3.32), Sunday work (OR=1.81, 95% CI 1.15~2.85) and Saturday work (OR=1.82 95% CI 1.18~2.82). CONCLUSION: A significant number of laborers with irregular working shifts work long hours and on weekends. Depression was significantly associated with this type of work schedule.
Appointments and Schedules ; Depression ; Humans ; Labor Unions ; Logistic Models ; Public Sector ; Questionnaires ; Social Class

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is usually developed after infection, metastatic cancer or complicated pregnancy. We experienced a case of infertile woman with adenomyosis, who had not been predisposed any common risk factors but had acute DIC during menstruation after controlled ovarian stimulation. The patient received anticoagulation therapy with supplementation of coagulation factors, followed by surgical removal of uterus 3 months later. We assumed that DIC resulted from rapidly aggravated lesion during controlled ovarian stimulation and massive intramuscular hemorrhage during menstruation. So, we report the case with brief review of literatures.
Adenomyosis ; Blood Coagulation Factors ; Dacarbazine ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infertility ; Menstruation ; Ovulation Induction ; Pregnancy ; Risk Factors ; Uterus

BACKGROUND: QT dispersion(QTd) has been shown to be ventricular electrical instability, especially predictor of ventricular arrythmia and indicator of antiarrythmic effect. It was reported that there was a relationship between acute myocardial infarction and increased QTd in that QTd is dependent of the degree of reperfusion as well as the site and size of infarction. In this study, we intended to verify a significant association between myocardial ischemia and QTd by comparing the changes in QTd with or without chest pain in patients with unstable angina who had proven myocardial ischemic changes. METHOD: We studied 20 patients (12 men and 8 women : mean age, 58+/-3.4 years) with unstable angina who had proven myocardial ischemic changes and perfusion defect by 24 hour Holter monitoring, Treadmill test, or coronary angiography. Each case was measured QTd during chest patin and resting state 24 hours after chest pain. All standard 12-lead ECGs were recorded at a speed of 25 mm/sec and examined retrospectively by one observer. QTd corrected for heart rate (QTcd) was calculated by Bazett's formula. The difference of QTd was assessed by comparing by paired t-test. RESULTS: The mean values of QTd were 117.9+/-49.9 msec and 69.7+/-30.2 msec with existence and the absence of chest pain. There was significant increment of QTd when the paients with unstable angina had chest pain(p<0.01). QTcd also significantly increased with the mean value of 119.7+/-57.1 and 74.9+/-36.6 msec (p=0.015). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study clarified the change of QTd with myocardial ischemia. We expect QTd using a single, noninvasive method to indicate that the chest pain is induced by myocardial ischemic changes. For the furture, it may be possible to study as to the significance of QTd as a predictor of cardiovascular accidents in patients with unstable angina by measuring the serial QTd.
Angina, Unstable ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Chest Pain ; Coronary Angiography* ; Coronary Stenosis* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Electrocardiography ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory ; Exercise Test ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Infarction ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Perfusion ; Reperfusion ; Retrospective Studies ; Thorax

Background: The quality of a vaccine depends strongly on the effects of the adjuvants applied simultaneously with the antigen in the vaccine. The adjuvants enhance the protective effect of the vaccine against a viral challenge. Conversely, oil-type adjuvants leave oil residue inside the bodies of the injected animals that can produce a local reaction in the muscle. The longterm immunogenicity of mice after vaccination was examined. ISA206 or ISA15 oil adjuvants maintained the best immunity, protective capability, and safety among the oil adjuvants in the experimental group. Objectives: This study screened the adjuvant composites aimed at enhancing foot-andmouth disease (FMD) immunity. The C-type lectin or toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist showed the most improved protection rate. Methods: Experimental vaccines were fabricated by mixing various known oil adjuvants and composites that can act as immunogenic adjuvants (gel, saponin, and other components) and examined the enhancement effect on the vaccine. Results: The water in oil (W/O) and water in oil in water (W/O/W) adjuvants showed better immune effects than the oil in water (O/W) adjuvants, which have a small volume of oil component. The W/O type left the largest amount of oil residue, followed by W/O/W and O/W types. In the mouse model, intramuscular inoculation showed a better protection rate than subcutaneous inoculation. Moreover, the protective effect was particularly weak in the case of inoculation in fatty tissue. The initial immune reaction and persistence of long-term immunity were also confirmed in an immune reaction on pigs. Conclusions The new experimental vaccine with immunostimulants produces improved immune responses and safety in pigs than general oil-adjuvanted vaccines.

Squamous cell carcinoma infrequently occurs at the soft palate. Although various methods can be used for reconstruction of soft palate defects that occur after resecting squamous cell carcinoma, it is difficult to obtain satisfactory results from the perspective of the functional restoration of the soft palate. A combination of bilateral palatal mucomuscular flap for the oral side and superiorly based posterior pharyngeal flap for the nasal side were performed on two patients who were diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the soft palate in order to reconstruct the soft palate defects after surgical resection. After surgery, the patients were followed-up for a mean period of 11 months. The flaps were well maintained in both patients. The donor site defects were epithelialized and completely recovered. Additionally, no recurrence of the primary sites was shown. Slight hyponasality was observed in the voice assessments that were conducted 6 months after surgery. No food regurgitation or aspiration was observed in the swallowing tests. We used a combination of bilateral palatal mucomuscular flap and superiorly based posterior pharyngeal flap to reconstruct the soft palate defects that occurred after resecting the squamous cell carcinomas. We reduced the donor site complications and achieved functionally satisfactory outcomes.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Deglutition ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Humans ; Palate, Soft ; Recurrence ; Surgical Flaps ; Tissue Donors ; Voice

PURPOSE: The purpose of this report is to clarify the clinicopathologic features, survival rates and prognostic factors of gastric cancers in young age group. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 133 patients with gastric cancer under 30 years of age who underwent surgery from January 1986 to December 1995 at the Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital. We have analyzed the sex, age, Borrmann type, histologic differentiation, Lauren classification, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, location of tumor, size of tumor, curability and extent of operation. The 5 year survival rates and prognostic factors were also evaluated. The Kaplan-Meier method, Log-Rank test and Cox hazards proportional mode were used for the statistical analyses. RESULTS: The overall 5 year survival rate was 55.3% in all 133 patients in contrast to 67.4% in 108 patients who underwent gastric resections. Significant prognostic factors were Borrmann type, histologic differentiation, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, location of tumor, size of tumor, curability and extent of operation in univariate analysis. Lymph node metastasis was the only significant independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: In our study, the 5 year survival rate in young age group was comparable to that of prevalent age group. This is attributed to the relatively higher incidence of early gastric cancer and more frequent curative resections in this young age group.
Classification ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lymph Nodes ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Seoul ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Survival Rate*